Search
Find a vulnerability
Search criteria
ⓘ
Use this form to refine search results.
Full-text search supports keyword queries with ranking and filtering.
You can combine vendor, product, and sources to narrow results.
Enable “Apply ordering” to sort by date instead of relevance.
4 vulnerabilities by klever-io
CVE-2026-46403 (GCVE-0-2026-46403)
Vulnerability from nvd – Published: 2026-07-21 19:51 – Updated: 2026-07-22 14:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Klever-Go KVM read-only execution can commit contract delete and upgrade side effects
Summary
Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.17, KVM exposes `ExecuteReadOnlyWithTypedArguments` as a read-only execution mechanism. The hook saves the previous read-only state, sets `runtime.SetReadOnly(true)`, executes the destination context, and then restores the previous read-only state. However, the indirect contract delete and upgrade paths do not reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. As a result, a contract reached through read-only execution can call the production delete hook for a target contract it owns. The delete path appends the target address to `vmOutput.DeletedAccounts`, the output context merges `DeletedAccounts` into the caller output, and the smart contract processor later processes the VM output by deleting accounts listed in that field. The root cause is that read-only mode is applied as runtime state, but not enforced by the state-changing delete and upgrade host-core paths. This breaks the expected isolation boundary for workflows that rely on read-only calls to inspect another contract without allowing that callee to produce state-changing VM output. The issue is fixed in v1.7.17. Contract delete and upgrade host-core paths now reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. The invariant is regression-tested for delete, upgrade, storage writes, value transfers, and any VM output field that can later mutate chain state.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/333… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/68b… | x_refsource_MISC |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-46403",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-07-22T14:26:16.323007Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-22T14:28:22.326Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "klever-go",
"vendor": "klever-io",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 1.7.17"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.17, KVM exposes `ExecuteReadOnlyWithTypedArguments` as a read-only execution mechanism. The hook saves the previous read-only state, sets `runtime.SetReadOnly(true)`, executes the destination context, and then restores the previous read-only state. However, the indirect contract delete and upgrade paths do not reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. As a result, a contract reached through read-only execution can call the production delete hook for a target contract it owns. The delete path appends the target address to `vmOutput.DeletedAccounts`, the output context merges `DeletedAccounts` into the caller output, and the smart contract processor later processes the VM output by deleting accounts listed in that field. The root cause is that read-only mode is applied as runtime state, but not enforced by the state-changing delete and upgrade host-core paths. This breaks the expected isolation boundary for workflows that rely on read-only calls to inspect another contract without allowing that callee to produce state-changing VM output. The issue is fixed in v1.7.17. Contract delete and upgrade host-core paths now reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. The invariant is regression-tested for delete, upgrade, storage writes, value transfers, and any VM output field that can later mutate chain state."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 6.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-693",
"description": "CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-21T19:51:18.745Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/68b94a40824fac2d848a4ded6eb7c91ada6ce9ef",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/68b94a40824fac2d848a4ded6eb7c91ada6ce9ef"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Klever-Go KVM read-only execution can commit contract delete and upgrade side effects"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-46403",
"datePublished": "2026-07-21T19:51:18.745Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-05-13T21:04:10.932Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-22T14:28:22.326Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-44697 (GCVE-0-2026-44697)
Vulnerability from nvd – Published: 2026-05-29 17:14 – Updated: 2026-07-21 19:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Klever-Go MultiDataInterceptor: remote OOM via crafted compressed P2P payload
Summary
Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.17, a remote, unauthenticated denial-of-service vulnerability in Batch.Decompress (data/batch/batch.go) allows any peer that participates in a topic served by MultiDataInterceptor to allocate multi-gigabyte heaps on the receiving node from a sub-50 KiB gossip payload. A single packet is sufficient to OOM-kill a validator with conventional memory provisioning. Fleet-wide application affects chain liveness. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.7.17.
Severity
8.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-44697",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-06-02T01:46:56.436900Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-02T01:47:29.036Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-87m7-qffr-542v"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "klever-go",
"vendor": "klever-io",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 1.7.17"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.17, a remote, unauthenticated denial-of-service vulnerability in Batch.Decompress (data/batch/batch.go) allows any peer that participates in a topic served by MultiDataInterceptor to allocate multi-gigabyte heaps on the receiving node from a sub-50 KiB gossip payload. A single packet is sufficient to OOM-kill a validator with conventional memory provisioning. Fleet-wide application affects chain liveness. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.7.17."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.6,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-409",
"description": "CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-770",
"description": "CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-21T19:50:26.647Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-87m7-qffr-542v",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-87m7-qffr-542v"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-87m7-qffr-542v",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Klever-Go MultiDataInterceptor: remote OOM via crafted compressed P2P payload"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-44697",
"datePublished": "2026-05-29T17:14:43.465Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-05-07T17:07:09.316Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-21T19:50:26.647Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-46403 (GCVE-0-2026-46403)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-21 19:51 – Updated: 2026-07-22 14:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Klever-Go KVM read-only execution can commit contract delete and upgrade side effects
Summary
Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.17, KVM exposes `ExecuteReadOnlyWithTypedArguments` as a read-only execution mechanism. The hook saves the previous read-only state, sets `runtime.SetReadOnly(true)`, executes the destination context, and then restores the previous read-only state. However, the indirect contract delete and upgrade paths do not reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. As a result, a contract reached through read-only execution can call the production delete hook for a target contract it owns. The delete path appends the target address to `vmOutput.DeletedAccounts`, the output context merges `DeletedAccounts` into the caller output, and the smart contract processor later processes the VM output by deleting accounts listed in that field. The root cause is that read-only mode is applied as runtime state, but not enforced by the state-changing delete and upgrade host-core paths. This breaks the expected isolation boundary for workflows that rely on read-only calls to inspect another contract without allowing that callee to produce state-changing VM output. The issue is fixed in v1.7.17. Contract delete and upgrade host-core paths now reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. The invariant is regression-tested for delete, upgrade, storage writes, value transfers, and any VM output field that can later mutate chain state.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/333… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/68b… | x_refsource_MISC |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-46403",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-07-22T14:26:16.323007Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-22T14:28:22.326Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "klever-go",
"vendor": "klever-io",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 1.7.17"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.17, KVM exposes `ExecuteReadOnlyWithTypedArguments` as a read-only execution mechanism. The hook saves the previous read-only state, sets `runtime.SetReadOnly(true)`, executes the destination context, and then restores the previous read-only state. However, the indirect contract delete and upgrade paths do not reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. As a result, a contract reached through read-only execution can call the production delete hook for a target contract it owns. The delete path appends the target address to `vmOutput.DeletedAccounts`, the output context merges `DeletedAccounts` into the caller output, and the smart contract processor later processes the VM output by deleting accounts listed in that field. The root cause is that read-only mode is applied as runtime state, but not enforced by the state-changing delete and upgrade host-core paths. This breaks the expected isolation boundary for workflows that rely on read-only calls to inspect another contract without allowing that callee to produce state-changing VM output. The issue is fixed in v1.7.17. Contract delete and upgrade host-core paths now reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. The invariant is regression-tested for delete, upgrade, storage writes, value transfers, and any VM output field that can later mutate chain state."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 6.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-693",
"description": "CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-21T19:51:18.745Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/68b94a40824fac2d848a4ded6eb7c91ada6ce9ef",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/68b94a40824fac2d848a4ded6eb7c91ada6ce9ef"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Klever-Go KVM read-only execution can commit contract delete and upgrade side effects"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-46403",
"datePublished": "2026-07-21T19:51:18.745Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-05-13T21:04:10.932Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-22T14:28:22.326Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-44697 (GCVE-0-2026-44697)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-29 17:14 – Updated: 2026-07-21 19:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Klever-Go MultiDataInterceptor: remote OOM via crafted compressed P2P payload
Summary
Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.17, a remote, unauthenticated denial-of-service vulnerability in Batch.Decompress (data/batch/batch.go) allows any peer that participates in a topic served by MultiDataInterceptor to allocate multi-gigabyte heaps on the receiving node from a sub-50 KiB gossip payload. A single packet is sufficient to OOM-kill a validator with conventional memory provisioning. Fleet-wide application affects chain liveness. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.7.17.
Severity
8.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-44697",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-06-02T01:46:56.436900Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-02T01:47:29.036Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-87m7-qffr-542v"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "klever-go",
"vendor": "klever-io",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 1.7.17"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.17, a remote, unauthenticated denial-of-service vulnerability in Batch.Decompress (data/batch/batch.go) allows any peer that participates in a topic served by MultiDataInterceptor to allocate multi-gigabyte heaps on the receiving node from a sub-50 KiB gossip payload. A single packet is sufficient to OOM-kill a validator with conventional memory provisioning. Fleet-wide application affects chain liveness. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.7.17."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.6,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-409",
"description": "CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-770",
"description": "CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-21T19:50:26.647Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-87m7-qffr-542v",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-87m7-qffr-542v"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-87m7-qffr-542v",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Klever-Go MultiDataInterceptor: remote OOM via crafted compressed P2P payload"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-44697",
"datePublished": "2026-05-29T17:14:43.465Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-05-07T17:07:09.316Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-21T19:50:26.647Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}