Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-77

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.

5760 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-86152 (GCVE-0-2026-86152)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-06 01:30 – Updated: 2026-09-10 18:06
VLAI
Title
Tenda CP3 Kylin AutoAddWifi.cpp ThreadProc os command injection
Summary
A flaw has been found in Tenda CP3 27.5.57.101. The impacted element is the function CAutoAddWifi::ThreadProc of the file Functions/AutoAddWifi.cpp of the component Kylin. Executing a manipulation can lead to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-10 18:06 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/399275 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/399275/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-86152 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/895353 third-party-advisory
https://www.tenda.com.cn/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Tenda CP3 Affected: 27.5.57.101
    cpe:2.3:o:tenda:cp3_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-86151 (GCVE-0-2026-86151)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-05 23:45 – Updated: 2026-09-11 20:37
VLAI
Title
Tenda CP3 Network Configuration Management system.c sub_2F77E8 os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in Tenda CP3 27.5.57.101. The affected element is the function sub_2F77E8 of the file Apis/system.c of the component Network Configuration Management. Performing a manipulation results in os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-11 20:15 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/399274 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/399274/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-86151 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/895352 third-party-advisory
https://www.tenda.com.cn/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Tenda CP3 Affected: 27.5.57.101
    cpe:2.3:o:tenda:cp3_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-86149 (GCVE-0-2026-86149)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-05 22:00 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:19
VLAI
Title
Tenda CP3 NetCheckPing.cpp os command injection
Summary
A weakness has been identified in Tenda CP3 27.5.57.101. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file Net/NetCheckPing.cpp. This manipulation of the argument interface_name/host causes os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 18:19 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/399272 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/399272/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-86149 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/895350 third-party-advisory
https://www.tenda.com.cn/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Tenda CP3 Affected: 27.5.57.101
    cpe:2.3:o:tenda:cp3_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-86148 (GCVE-0-2026-86148)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-05 21:45 – Updated: 2026-09-08 17:17
VLAI
Title
Tenda CP3 Kylin system.c SystemAsh os command injection
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in Tenda CP3 27.5.57.101. This vulnerability affects the function SystemAsh of the file Apis/system.c of the component Kylin. The manipulation of the argument AlarmVoiceURL results in os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 17:16 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/399271 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/399271/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-86148 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/895348 third-party-advisory
https://www.tenda.com.cn/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Tenda CP3 Affected: 27.5.57.101
    cpe:2.3:o:tenda:cp3_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85885 (GCVE-0-2026-85885)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 22:55 – Updated: 2026-09-21 15:58 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
Title
Microsoft 365 Copilot Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in M365 Copilot allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Microsoft 365 Copilot Affected: -
    cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:365_copilot:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-17 14:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85224 (GCVE-0-2026-85224)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 21:45 – Updated: 2026-09-04 17:47
VLAI
Title
D-Link DNS-320 ShareCenter File Sharing file_sharing.cgi os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in D-Link DNS-320 ShareCenter 2.06B01. This affects an unknown part of the file /cgi/file_sharing.cgi of the component File Sharing. Executing a manipulation of the argument fileurl can lead to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 17:46 UTC
CWE
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
D-Link DNS-320 ShareCenter Affected: 2.06B01
    cpe:2.3:h:d-link:dns-320_sharecenter:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85223 (GCVE-0-2026-85223)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 21:15 – Updated: 2026-09-04 14:24
VLAI
Title
D-Link DNS-340L CGI dropbox.cgi os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DNS-340L 1.01B04. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /cgi-bin/dropbox.cgi of the component CGI Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument callback_url/sync_interval results in os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 14:24 UTC
CWE
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
D-Link DNS-340L Affected: 1.01B04
    cpe:2.3:h:d-link:dns-340l:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85222 (GCVE-0-2026-85222)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 21:00 – Updated: 2026-09-04 13:41
VLAI
Title
D-Link DNS-340L Add-On Center addon_center.cgi os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DNS-340L 1.01B04. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /cgi-bin/addon_center.cgi of the component Add-On Center. Such manipulation of the argument f_name/f_url/f_flag/f_login_user leads to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 12:29 UTC
CWE
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
D-Link DNS-340L Affected: 1.01B04
    cpe:2.3:h:d-link:dns-340l:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-85040 (GCVE-0-2026-85040)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 02:45 – Updated: 2026-09-03 14:30
VLAI
Title
ZhongBangKeJi CRMEB Custom Scheduled Task Feature save eval os command injection
Summary
A weakness has been identified in ZhongBangKeJi CRMEB up to 6.0.0. Affected by this vulnerability is the function eval of the file /adminapi/system/crontab/save of the component Custom Scheduled Task Feature. This manipulation of the argument customCode causes os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. Vendor documents this as deliberate debug-only behavior. But isSafePhpCode blacklist offers no real RCE containment.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-03 13:13 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/398300 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/398300/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-85040 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/887316 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/xiaohai12138-1/cve/blob/main/C… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ZhongBangKeJi CRMEB Affected: 6.0
    cpe:2.3:a:crmeb:crmeb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-84387 (GCVE-0-2026-84387)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 16:41 – Updated: 2026-09-08 17:39
VLAI
Summary
A improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSandbox 5.2.0, FortiSandbox 5.0.0 through 5.0.6, FortiSandbox 4.4.0 through 4.4.9 may allow attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via <insert attack vector here>
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 17:39 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Execute unauthorized code or commands
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Fortinet FortiSandbox Affected: 5.2.0
Affected: 5.0.0 , ≤ 5.0.6 (semver)
Affected: 4.4.0 , ≤ 4.4.9 (semver)
Affected: 4.2.1 , ≤ 4.2.8 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:5.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.4.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.4.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.4.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.2.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.2.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.2.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.2.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "FortiSandbox",
          "vendor": "Fortinet",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.2.0"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.0.6",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.0.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "4.4.9",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.4.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "4.2.8",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2.1",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A improper neutralization of special elements used in a command (\u0027command injection\u0027) vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSandbox 5.2.0, FortiSandbox 5.0.0 through 5.0.6, FortiSandbox 4.4.0 through 4.4.9 may allow attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via \u003cinsert attack vector here\u003e"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 6.7,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RL:O/RC:C",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS"
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-77",
              "description": "Execute unauthorized code or commands",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-08T16:41:43.453Z",
        "orgId": "6abe59d8-c742-4dff-8ce8-9b0ca1073da8",
        "shortName": "fortinet"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-26-167",
          "url": "https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-26-167"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Upgrade to FortiSandbox version 5.2.1 or above\nUpgrade to FortiSandbox version 5.0.7 or above\nUpgrade to upcoming  FortiSandbox version 4.4.10 or above"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "6abe59d8-c742-4dff-8ce8-9b0ca1073da8",
    "assignerShortName": "fortinet",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-84387",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-08T16:41:43.453Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-01T16:36:07.654Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-08T17:39:42.017Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.

Mitigation
Implementation

If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Operation

Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.

Mitigation
System Configuration

Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.

CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection

An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.

CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters

An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.

CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection

An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.

CAPEC-248: Command Injection

An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.

CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices

This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.

CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers

An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.

CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files

Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.