Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Allowed

Out-of-bounds Read

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

12622 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-39956 (GCVE-0-2026-39956)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-13 22:10 – Updated: 2026-09-04 13:29
VLAI
Title
jq: Missing runtime type checks for _strindices lead to crash and limited memory disclosure
Summary
jq is a command-line JSON processor. Prior to version 1.8.2, the _strindices builtin in jq's src/builtin.c passes its arguments directly to jv_string_indexes() without verifying they are strings, and jv_string_indexes() in src/jv.c relies solely on assert() checks that are stripped in release builds compiled with -DNDEBUG. This allows an attacker to crash jq trivially with input like _strindices(0), and by crafting a numeric value whose IEEE-754 bit pattern maps to a chosen pointer, achieve a controlled pointer dereference and limited memory read/probe primitive. Any deployment that evaluates untrusted jq filters against a release build is vulnerable. This issue has been patched in commit fdf8ef0f0810e3d365cdd5160de43db46f57ed03, which is part of version 1.8.2.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-14 15:34 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-476 - NULL Pointer Dereference
  • CWE-843 - Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jqlang jq Affected: < 1.8.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-39929 (GCVE-0-2026-39929)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-28 21:14 – Updated: 2026-05-29 19:07
VLAI
Title
Lakeside SysTrack Agent LsiAgent.exe Out-of-Bounds Read via UDP
Summary
Lakeside SysTrack Agent versions prior to 11.2.1.28, 11.3.0.38, 11.4.0.24, 11.5.0.15 contain an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the Command ID 30 UDP packet handler that allows remote attackers to crash the application by sending a specially crafted UDP packet. Attackers can send a malformed packet with an invalid memory address at offset 0x4 in the payload to trigger an access violation and cause a denial of service.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-29 19:07 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-754 - Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Lakeside Software, LLC. SysTrack Agent Affected: 0 , < 11.2.1.28 (custom)
Affected: 11.3.0.xxx , < 11.3.0.38 (custom)
Affected: 11.4.0.xxx , < 11.4.0.24 (custom)
Affected: 11.5.0.xxx , < 11.5.0.15 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-01-05 00:00
Credits
Austin A. DeFrancesco (DefCesco) VulnCheck
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-39864 (GCVE-0-2026-39864)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-08 19:58 – Updated: 2026-04-08 20:19
VLAI
Title
Kamailio Auth: Processing Vulnerability For Additional Authenticated User Identity Checks
Summary
Kamailio is an open source implementation of a SIP Signaling Server. Prior to 6.0.5 and 5.8.7, an out-of-bounds read in the auth module of Kamailio (formerly OpenSER and SER) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (process crash) via a specially crafted SIP packet if a successful user authentication without a database backend is followed by additional user identity checks. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.0.5 and 5.8.7.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-08 20:19 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
kamailio kamailio Affected: < 5.8.7
Affected: >= 6.0.0, < 6.0.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-39856 (GCVE-0-2026-39856)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 16:03 – Updated: 2026-04-13 20:06
VLAI
Title
osslsigncode has an Out-of-Bounds Read via Unvalidated Section Bounds in PE Page Hash Calculation
Summary
osslsigncode is a tool that implements Authenticode signing and timestamping. Prior to 2.13, an out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in osslsigncode version 2.12 and earlier in the PE page-hash computation code (pe_page_hash_calc()). When processing PE sections for page hashing, the function uses PointerToRawData and SizeOfRawData values from section headers without validating that the referenced region lies within the mapped file. An attacker can craft a PE file with section headers that point beyond the end of the file. When osslsigncode computes page hashes for such a file, it may attempt to hash data from an invalid memory region, causing an out-of-bounds read and potentially crashing the process. The vulnerability can be triggered while signing a malicious PE file with page hashing enabled (-ph), or while verifying a malicious signed PE file that already contains page hashes. Verification of an already signed file does not require the verifier to pass -ph. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.13.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-13 20:06 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
mtrojnar osslsigncode Affected: < 2.13
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-39855 (GCVE-0-2026-39855)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 15:58 – Updated: 2026-04-09 19:22
VLAI
Title
osslsigncode has an Integer Underflow in PE Page Hash Calculation Can Cause Out-of-Bounds Read
Summary
osslsigncode is a tool that implements Authenticode signing and timestamping. Prior to 2.13, an integer underflow vulnerability exists in osslsigncode version 2.12 and earlier in the PE page-hash computation code (pe_page_hash_calc()). When page hash processing is performed on a PE file, the function subtracts hdrsize from pagesize without first validating that pagesize >= hdrsize. If a malicious PE file sets SizeOfHeaders (hdrsize) larger than SectionAlignment (pagesize), the subtraction underflows and produces a very large unsigned length. The code allocates a zero-filled buffer of pagesize bytes and then attempts to hash pagesize - hdrsize bytes from that buffer. After the underflow, this results in an out-of-bounds read from the heap and can crash the process. The vulnerability can be triggered while signing a malicious PE file with page hashing enabled (-ph), or while verifying a malicious signed PE file that already contains page hashes. Verification of an already signed file does not require the verifier to pass -ph. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.13.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-09 19:12 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-190 - Integer Overflow or Wraparound
  • CWE-191 - Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
mtrojnar osslsigncode Affected: < 2.13
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Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-38754 (GCVE-0-2026-38754)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-15 00:00 – Updated: 2026-07-22 14:42
VLAI
Summary
A heap overflow in the ifsbreakup() function (shell/ash.c) of Busybox v1.38.0 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted input.
Severity
5.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-16 15:20 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
BusyBox BusyBox Affected: 1.00 , ≤ 1.38.0 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:busybox:busybox:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-38332 (GCVE-0-2026-38332)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-13 00:00 – Updated: 2026-09-14 18:15
VLAI
Summary
TinyEXIF before 1.1.0 has a heap-based buffer over-read in EntryParser::Fetch methods reachable via a crafted SubjectArea length.
Severity
2.9 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-14 14:56 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
cdcseacave TinyEXIF Affected: 0 , < 1.1.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
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CVE-2026-35444 (GCVE-0-2026-35444)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-06 21:44 – Updated: 2026-04-08 14:06
VLAI
Title
SDL_image has a heap buffer overflow READ via unchecked colormap index in XCF loader
Summary
SDL_image is a library to load images of various formats as SDL surfaces. In do_layer_surface() in src/IMG_xcf.c, pixel index values from decoded XCF tile data are used directly as colormap indices without validating them against the colormap size (cm_num). A crafted .xcf file with a small colormap and out-of-range pixel indices causes heap out-of-bounds reads of up to 762 bytes past the colormap allocation. Both IMAGE_INDEXED code paths are affected (bpp=1 and bpp=2). The leaked heap bytes are written into the output surface pixel data, making them potentially observable in the rendered image. This vulnerability is fixed with commit 996bf12888925932daace576e09c3053410896f8.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-08 14:06 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
libsdl-org SDL_image Affected: < 996bf12888925932daace576e09c3053410896f8
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "SDL_image",
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            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
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CVE-2026-35423 (GCVE-0-2026-35423)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 16:58 – Updated: 2026-08-10 15:12
VLAI
Title
Windows 11 Telnet Client Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Telnet Client allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-12 19:46 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1607 Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9140 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8755 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 21H2 Affected: 10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.7291 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 22H2 Affected: 10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.7417 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 version 23H2 Affected: 10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.7079 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 23H2 Affected: 10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.7219 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 24H2 Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.8457 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 25H2 Affected: 10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.8457 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 version 26H1 Affected: 10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2113 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 Affected: 6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26079 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) Affected: 6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26079 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Affected: 6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23181 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) Affected: 6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23181 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2016 Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9140 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9140 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8755 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8755 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2022 Affected: 10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.5139 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.2330 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2025 Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32860 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32860 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-05-12 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-35419 (GCVE-0-2026-35419)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 16:58 – Updated: 2026-08-10 15:12
VLAI
Title
Windows DWM Core Library Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Windows DWM Core Library allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-13 10:16 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 24H2 Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.8457 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows 11 Version 25H2 Affected: 10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.8457 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows 11 version 26H1 Affected: 10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2113 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows Server 2025 Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32860 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32860 (custom)
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Date Public
2026-05-12 14:00
Show details on NVD website
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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.

CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.

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