Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-122
AllowedHeap-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().
4191 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-68580 (GCVE-0-2026-68580)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-02 12:15 – Updated: 2026-08-03 14:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FreeRDP before 3.29.0 Integer Overflow via Audio Input Channel
Summary
FreeRDP before 3.29.0 contains integer overflow vulnerabilities in the audio input redirection channel (audin) across ALSA, sndio, WinMM, and OpenSL ES backends that fail to validate the FramesPerPacket parameter from RDP servers. Attackers can supply a malicious FramesPerPacket value causing allocation size wraparound, resulting in heap-based buffer overflow on ALSA or denial of service on all platforms.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freerdp-befo… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-20 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2026-67305 (GCVE-0-2026-67305)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-01 12:22 – Updated: 2026-08-03 15:38
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FreeRDP Windows Client before 3.29.0 Heap Buffer Overflow via Cliprdr
Summary
FreeRDP Windows client before 3.29.0 contains a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in the clipboard virtual channel when processing CLIPRDR_FILE_CONTENTS_RESPONSE PDUs without validating the server-provided size against the destination buffer. A malicious RDP server can send a response with a data payload significantly larger than requested, causing arbitrary heap memory corruption that may enable remote code execution when a user performs a paste operation.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freerdp-wind… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-15 00:00
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CVE-2026-67191 (GCVE-0-2026-67191)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-29 15:50 – Updated: 2026-07-29 16:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Xlight FTP Server < 3.9.5 Pre-Auth Heap Buffer Overflow via SSH Parser
Summary
Xlight FTP Server before 3.9.5 contains a pre-authentication heap buffer overflow vulnerability that allows remote unauthenticated attackers to write past the end of a heap buffer by sending a malformed SSH client identification string. A logic error in the recv loop's termination condition uses an incorrect OR operator where an AND operator is required, enabling exploitation on any SSH or SFTP connection before authentication occurs.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.xlightftpd.com/whatsnew.htm | release-notes |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/xlight-ftp-s… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Xlight | Xlight FTP Server |
Affected:
0 , < 3.9.5
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-07-01 00:00
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CVE-2026-66040 (GCVE-0-2026-66040)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-24 19:46 – Updated: 2026-07-29 03:55 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FFmpeg Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via PNG/APNG eXIf Encoder
Summary
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Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pulls/23786 | issue-tracking |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/b506… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ffmpeg-heap-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-21 00:00
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CVE-2026-66039 (GCVE-0-2026-66039)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-24 19:42 – Updated: 2026-07-29 03:55 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FFmpeg MACE6 Audio Decoder Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via CAF File
Summary
FFmpeg through 8.1.2, fixed in commit aafb5c6, contains a signed integer overflow vulnerability in the MACE6 audio decoder that allows attackers to corrupt heap memory by supplying a crafted CAF file with a malicious bytes_per_packet value. Attackers can craft a CAF file with oversized bytes_per_packet and frames_per_packet values in the desc chunk to trigger an integer overflow in mace_decode_frame() during output sample count computation, resulting in an undersized buffer allocation and heap out-of-bounds write that could enable code execution.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pulls/23631 | issue-tracking |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/aafb… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ffmpeg-mace6… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-02 00:00
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CVE-2026-66036 (GCVE-0-2026-66036)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-24 19:34 – Updated: 2026-07-29 03:55 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FFmpeg Heap Out-of-Bounds Write in vf_hqdn3d Filter
Summary
FFmpeg through 8.1.2, fixed in commit 5d7112c, contains a heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the vf_hqdn3d filter that allows attackers to corrupt heap memory by supplying a crafted video whose frame resolution increases between frames when filtergraph reinitialization is disabled via the -reinit_filter 0 option. Attackers can provide a malicious video input where vf_hqdn3d.config_input() allocates undersized per-plane line-history buffers based on the initial frame width, and subsequent larger frames cause denoise_spatial() to write beyond the allocation boundary, resulting in heap memory corruption.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pulls/23783 | issue-tracking |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/5d71… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ffmpeg-heap-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-21 00:00
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CVE-2026-66035 (GCVE-0-2026-66035)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-24 16:45 – Updated: 2026-07-28 01:06 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
libssh2 Heap Buffer Overflow via ETM Cipher Negotiation
Summary
libssh2 through 1.11.1, fixed in commit 42e33d8, contains a pre-authentication heap buffer overflow vulnerability that allows a malicious SSH server to corrupt heap metadata in any connecting client by sending a packet with a packet_length smaller than the cipher's block size during Encrypt-then-MAC cipher negotiation. In the fullpacket() function in src/transport.c, the ETM path allocates a buffer of packet_length bytes but copies blocksize minus one bytes via memcpy, causing an overflow that on 32-bit glibc writes attacker-controlled bytes into an adjacent chunk's SIZE field, enabling tcache bin confusion, overlapping live objects, and function pointer overwrite during the session handshake before authentication.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/libssh2/libssh2/pull/2198 | issue-trackingpatch |
| https://github.com/libssh2/libssh2/commit/42e33d8… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/libssh2-heap… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-03 00:00
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CVE-2026-64830 (GCVE-0-2026-64830)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-22 16:33 – Updated: 2026-07-28 01:06 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FFmpeg 2.1 - 8.1.2 Heap Buffer Overflow via VobSub Subtitle Demuxer
Summary
FFmpeg versions 2.1 through 8.1.2 contains a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in the VobSub subtitle demuxer that allows attackers to corrupt adjacent heap memory by supplying a malicious .sub/.idx subtitle file declaring more distinct stream IDs than the fixed-size array bounds in libavformat/mpeg.c. Attackers can craft a subtitle file with excessive distinct stream IDs to trigger unbounded writes beyond the vobsub->q[] array boundary via ff_subtitles_queue_insert(), potentially achieving arbitrary code execution in any application using FFmpeg's VobSub demuxer.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pulls/23657 | issue-tracking |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/dbd4… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ffmpeg-heap-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-06-30 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2026-64620 (GCVE-0-2026-64620)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-20 12:04 – Updated: 2026-07-21 11:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FreeRDP before 3.28.0 Heap Buffer Overflow via crypto_rsa_common
Summary
FreeRDP before 3.28.0 (affected <=3.27.1) contains a heap-based buffer overflow in crypto_rsa_common() (libfreerdp/crypto/crypto.c). The function writes the modular-exponentiation result into the caller's output buffer via BN_bn2bin() and only afterward checks output_length > out_length, so out-of-bounds bytes are written before the bounds check. On the server side, when a client selects RDP Standard Security, the encrypted client random is decrypted into a fixed 32-byte buffer. Because the server publishes its RSA public key, an unauthenticated attacker can forge a ciphertext whose decrypted value is up to the full modulus length (e.g. 256 bytes for RSA-2048), overflowing the 32-byte heap buffer by up to ~224 attacker-controlled bytes pre-authentication, resulting in denial of service.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/commit/1f7a716… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freerdp-befo… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-06 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2026-63090 (GCVE-0-2026-63090)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-20 14:22 – Updated: 2026-07-28 01:49 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ProFTPD mod_sftp Heap Buffer Overflow via SFTP Packet Reassembly
Summary
ProFTPD before 1.3.9c and 1.3.10rc3 contains a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the mod_sftp module that allows authenticated low-privilege attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution by sending crafted SFTP packet fragments exceeding the 16 KB reassembly buffer in the fxp.c component. Attackers can supply oversized fragments to trigger an incorrectly conditioned reallocation, corrupt pool freelist metadata, overwrite the root_fs BSS global pointer to reference a fake filesystem struct, and redirect pr_fsio_stat() to system() via a crafted RENAME request.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/blob/master/RE… | release-notes |
| https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/releases/tag/v… | patchrelease-notes |
| https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/releases/tag/v1.3.9c | patchrelease-notes |
| https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/issues/2190 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/commit/4ee8701… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/proftpd-mod-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-06-26 00:00
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"title": "ProFTPD mod_sftp Heap Buffer Overflow via SFTP Packet Reassembly",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-63090",
"datePublished": "2026-07-20T14:22:03.712Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-07-15T15:45:44.600Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-28T01:49:57.243Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
Mitigation
Operation
Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow
This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.