Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-601

Allowed

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.

2305 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2025-2824 (GCVE-0-2025-2824)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-01 17:46 – Updated: 2025-08-01 18:07
VLAI
Title
IBM Operational Decision Manager HTTP open redirect
Summary
IBM Operational Decision Manager 8.11.0.1, 8.11.1.0, 8.12.0.1, 9.0.0.1, and 9.5.0 could allow a remote attacker to conduct phishing attacks, using an open redirect attack. By persuading a victim to visit a specially crafted Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to spoof the URL displayed to redirect a user to a malicious Web site that would appear to be trusted. This could allow the attacker to obtain highly sensitive information or conduct further attacks against the victim.
Severity
7.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
ibm
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7241286 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM Operational Decision Manager Affected: 8.11.0.1
Affected: 8.11.1.0
Affected: 8.12.0.1
Affected: 9.0.0.1
Affected: 9.5.0
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:operational_decision_manager:8.11.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:operational_decision_manager:8.11.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:operational_decision_manager:8.12.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:operational_decision_manager:9.0.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:operational_decision_manager:9.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-2697 (GCVE-0-2025-2697)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-26 16:47 – Updated: 2025-08-26 17:36
VLAI
Title
IBM Cognos Command Center HTTP Open Redirect
Summary
IBM Cognos Command Center 10.2.4.1 and 10.2.5 could allow a remote attacker to conduct phishing attacks, using an open redirect attack. By persuading a victim to visit a specially crafted Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to spoof the URL displayed to redirect a user to a malicious Web site that would appear to be trusted. This could allow the attacker to obtain highly sensitive information or conduct further attacks against the victim.
Severity
7.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
ibm
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7242159 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM Cognos Command Center Affected: 10.2.4.1
Affected: 10.2.5
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:cognos_command_center:10.2.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:cognos_command_center:10.2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-2418 (GCVE-0-2025-2418)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-16 11:47 – Updated: 2026-05-07 07:20
VLAI
Title
Open Redirect in TR7's Web Application Firewall
Summary
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in TR7 Cyber ​​Defense Inc. Web Application Firewall allows Phishing. This issue affects Web Application Firewall: from 4.30 before v1.4.0.117.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
TR7 Cyber ​​Defense Inc. Web Application Firewall Affected: 4.30 , < v1.4.0.117 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-02-16 11:41
Credits
Regaip KURT
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-2091 (GCVE-0-2025-2091)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-16 08:27 – Updated: 2026-02-23 10:25
VLAI
Title
Open redirection in M-Files Mobile
Summary
An open redirection vulnerability in M-Files mobile applications for Android and iOS prior to version 25.6.0 allows attackers to use maliciously crafted PDF files to trick other users into making requests to untrusted URLs.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/RE:M/U:Green
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
M-Files Corporation M-Files Mobile Affected: 0 , < 25.6.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Pasi Orovuo / Solita Oy Teemu Laakso / Solita Oy
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-2068 (GCVE-0-2025-2068)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-25 15:26 – Updated: 2025-04-25 16:48
VLAI
Summary
An open redirect vulnerability was reported in the FileZ client that could allow information disclosure if a crafted url is visited by a local user.
Severity
5.1 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FileZ Client Affected: 0 , < 11.0.0.10 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-1885 (GCVE-0-2025-1885)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-19 11:47 – Updated: 2026-06-06 06:28
VLAI
Title
Open Redirect in Restajet's Online Food Delivery System
Summary
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Restajet Information Technologies Inc. Online Food Delivery System allows Phishing, Forceful Browsing. This issue affects Online Food Delivery System: through 19122025. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-12-19 11:17
Credits
Berat ARSLAN
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-1488 (GCVE-0-2025-1488)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-24 11:10 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:46
VLAI
Title
WPO365 | MICROSOFT 365 GRAPH MAILER <= 3.2 - Open Redirect via 'redirect_to' Parameter
Summary
The WPO365 | MICROSOFT 365 GRAPH MAILER plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Open Redirect in all versions up to, and including, 3.2. This is due to insufficient validation on the redirect url supplied via the 'redirect_to' parameter. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to redirect users to potentially malicious sites if 1. they can successfully trick them into performing an action and 2. the plugin is activated but not configured.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
wpo365 WPO365 | MICROSOFT 365 GRAPH MAILER Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Krzysztof Zając
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-1300 (GCVE-0-2025-1300)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-28 12:47 – Updated: 2025-02-28 14:39 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Open redirect in CodeChecker web server
Summary
CodeChecker is an analyzer tooling, defect database and viewer extension for the Clang Static Analyzer and Clang Tidy. The CodeChecker web server contains an open redirect vulnerability due to missing protections against multiple slashes after the product name in the URL. This results in bypassing the protections against CVE-2021-28861, leading to the same open redirect pathway. This issue affects CodeChecker: through 6.24.5.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Ericsson CodeChecker Affected: 0 , ≤ 6.24.5 (python)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-1269 (GCVE-0-2025-1269)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-18 13:48 – Updated: 2026-06-06 06:56
VLAI
Title
Open Redirect in HAVELSAN's Open Source Project Liman MYS
Summary
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in HAVELSAN Liman MYS allows Cross-Site Flashing. This issue affects Liman MYS: before 2.1.1 - 1010.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
HAVELSAN Liman MYS Affected: 0 , < 2.1.1 - 1010 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Yagiz BILGILI Privia Security
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-0970 (GCVE-0-2025-0970)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-02 23:00 – Updated: 2025-02-12 20:41
VLAI
Title
Zenvia Movidesk Login redirect
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Zenvia Movidesk up to 25.01.22. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /Account/Login. The manipulation of the argument ReturnUrl leads to open redirect. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 25.01.22.245a473c54 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.294361 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.294361 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.485985 third-party-advisory
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Zenvia Movidesk Affected: 25.01.0
Affected: 25.01.1
Affected: 25.01.2
Affected: 25.01.3
Affected: 25.01.4
Affected: 25.01.5
Affected: 25.01.6
Affected: 25.01.7
Affected: 25.01.8
Affected: 25.01.9
Affected: 25.01.10
Affected: 25.01.11
Affected: 25.01.12
Affected: 25.01.13
Affected: 25.01.14
Affected: 25.01.15
Affected: 25.01.16
Affected: 25.01.17
Affected: 25.01.18
Affected: 25.01.19
Affected: 25.01.20
Affected: 25.01.21
Affected: 25.01.22
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
y4g0 (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-02-02T08:59:56.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Zenvia Movidesk Login redirect"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-0970",
    "datePublished": "2025-02-02T23:00:13.554Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-02-02T07:54:40.744Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-02-12T20:41:38.570Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.

Mitigation MIT-21.2
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
  • For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).

Mitigation MIT-6
Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

  • Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
  • Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing

An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.

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