Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2302 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-59806 (GCVE-0-2026-59806)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 19:43 – Updated: 2026-07-09 18:18 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Gradio < 6.20.0 - Open Redirect and SSRF via /gradio_api/file= endpoint
Summary
Gradio before 6.20.0 contains an open redirect and server-side request forgery vulnerability that allows attackers to redirect users to arbitrary URLs or perform client-side SSRF by supplying unvalidated HTTP/HTTPS URLs to the file_fetch() function in the /gradio_api/file= endpoint. Attackers can craft a malicious FileData response targeting internal endpoints such as cloud metadata services to retrieve sensitive credentials including EC2 IAM role credentials.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gradio-app/gradio/issues/13593 | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://github.com/gradio-app/gradio/releases/tag… | release-notes |
| https://github.com/gradio-app/gradio/pull/13596 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/gradio-app/gradio/commit/1c5c5… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gradio-open-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gradio-app | gradio |
Affected:
0 , < 6.20.0
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-07-05 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2026-59180 (GCVE-0-2026-59180)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-10 16:02 – Updated: 2026-07-10 16:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apprise forwards configured auth headers across cross-origin HTTP redirects
Summary
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Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/caronc/apprise/security/adviso… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/caronc/apprise/pull/1610 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/caronc/apprise/commit/68c0aef2… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/caronc/apprise/releases/tag/v1.11.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-58520 (GCVE-0-2026-58520)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-01 17:14 – Updated: 2026-07-01 17:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
UrlShortener defaults to ineffective validation open to third-party redirects
Summary
URL redirection to untrusted site ('open redirect') vulnerability in The Wikimedia Foundation Mediawiki - UrlShortener Extension allows Cross-Site Flashing.
This issue affects Mediawiki - UrlShortener Extension: from * before 1.43.9, 1.44.6, 1.45.4.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL redirection to untrusted site ('open redirect')
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Wikimedia Foundation | Mediawiki - UrlShortener Extension |
Affected:
* , < 1.43.9, 1.44.6, 1.45.4
(semver)
|
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CVE-2026-58450 (GCVE-0-2026-58450)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 21:07 – Updated: 2026-07-14 22:03 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Invoice Ninja 5.13.26 - Open Redirect in Client Portal Login via intended Parameter
Summary
Invoice Ninja through 5.13.26 contains an open redirect vulnerability in the client portal login that allows unauthenticated attackers to redirect authenticated victims to attacker-controlled external URLs by injecting a malicious value into the intended query parameter. Attackers can craft a client login link with an external URL in the intended parameter, which is stored in the session without host validation and emitted verbatim via a bare redirect in the ContactLoginController authenticated() handler after the victim completes a legitimate login, enabling phishing attacks.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/invoiceninja/invoiceninja/issu… | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/invoice-ninj… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| invoiceninja | invoiceninja |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 5.13.26
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-06-17 00:00
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CVE-2026-56697 (GCVE-0-2026-56697)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 21:04 – Updated: 2026-06-23 13:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Nuxt - Open Redirect via Protocol-Relative Paths in reloadNuxtApp
Summary
Nuxt versions 4.0.0 before 4.4.7 and 3.x before 3.21.7 accept protocol-relative paths such as //evil.com in the reloadNuxtApp function; these pass the script-protocol check but resolve to a cross-origin URL against the current page protocol. Attackers can inject paths like //evil.com to redirect users to attacker-controlled hosts, enabling phishing and OAuth authorization-code theft.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/security/advisories/… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/e447a793c4776… | patch |
| https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/6497d99dd1062… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nuxt-open-re… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-06-02 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2026-56332 (GCVE-0-2026-56332)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-20 15:24 – Updated: 2026-06-22 12:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Capgo - Open Redirect via confirmation_url Parameter
Summary
Capgo before 12.128.2 contains an open redirect vulnerability in the confirm-signup endpoint that allows attackers to redirect users to arbitrary external websites. The confirmation_url parameter is not validated, enabling attackers to craft malicious links for phishing and credential harvesting attacks.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Cap-go/capgo/security/advisori… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/capgo-open-r… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-02-25 00:00
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CVE-2026-56330 (GCVE-0-2026-56330)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-20 15:24 – Updated: 2026-06-23 02:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Capgo - Open Redirect via Unvalidated Stripe Billing URLs
Summary
Capgo before 12.128.2 contains an open redirect vulnerability in stripe_portal and stripe_checkout endpoints that accept unvalidated callbackUrl, successUrl, and cancelUrl parameters. Authenticated attackers can craft malicious billing URLs to redirect users to attacker-controlled domains for phishing and credential harvesting.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Cap-go/capgo/security/advisori… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/capgo-open-r… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-03-03 00:00
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CVE-2026-56326 (GCVE-0-2026-56326)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 21:04 – Updated: 2026-06-23 12:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Nuxt - Server-Side Open Redirect via Path-Normalization Bypass in navigateTo
Summary
Nuxt versions 4.0.0 before 4.4.7 and 3.x before 3.21.7 contain a server-side open redirect vulnerability in navigateTo that fails to properly validate path-normalized payloads like /..//evil.com and /.//evil.com. Attackers can bypass external-host checks using path-normalization techniques to redirect users to attacker-controlled sites via the Location header or meta-refresh, enabling phishing and OAuth authorization-code theft.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/security/advisories/… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/2cce6fb02e621… | patch |
| https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/1f2dd5e78c775… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nuxt-server-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-06-02 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2026-55806 (GCVE-0-2026-55806)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-10 21:46 – Updated: 2026-07-13 18:22
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Drupal core - Less critical - Cache poisoning and open redirect - SA-CORE-2026-007
Summary
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Drupal Drupal core allows Content Spoofing. This issue affects Drupal core versions: from 0.0.0 to 10.5.12, from 10.6.0 to 10.6.11, from 11.2.0 to 11.2.14, from 11.3.0 to 11.3.12, from 0.0.0 to 11.0.*, from 0.0.0 to 11.1.*.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drupal | Drupal core |
Affected:
0.0.0 , < 10.5.12
(semver)
Affected: 10.6.0 , < 10.6.11 (semver) Affected: 11.2.0 , < 11.2.14 (semver) Affected: 11.3.0 , < 11.3.12 (semver) Affected: 0.0.0 , < 11.0.* (semver) Affected: 0.0.0 , < 11.1.* (semver) |
Date Public
2026-06-17 18:57
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CVE-2026-55660 (GCVE-0-2026-55660)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-01 21:00 – Updated: 2026-07-02 12:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
TinaCMS: Cross-origin postMessage handlers and rich-text URL-sanitization bypass enable stored XSS and session takeover
Summary
Tina is a headless content management system. In versions prior to @tinacms/app 2.5.6 and tinacms 3.9.3, cross-origin postMessage handlers and a rich-text URL-sanitization bypass enable stored XSS and session takeover. The library registers window message listeners — the useTina overlay handler, the OAuth authentication popup handler, and the admin↔preview iframe GraphQL reducer — that act on event.data without verifying event.origin or event.source and post messages using non-specific target origins, while insufficient URL sanitization in rich-text content allows malicious URLs to persist and execute. A page the victim visits (or a window in an opener/iframe relationship with a Tina admin) can forge messages to drive the editor, inject preview content, or observe/forge the OAuth popup channel to take over an authenticated editing session. This issue has been fixed in versions @tinacms/app 2.5.6 and tinacms 3.9.3.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/tinacms/tinacms/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/tinacms/tinacms/pull/7056 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| tinacms | tinacms |
Affected:
< 3.9.3
|
|
| tinacms | @tinacms/app |
Affected:
< 2.5.6
|
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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.