Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-407

Allowed-with-Review

Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

An algorithm in a product has an inefficient worst-case computational complexity that may be detrimental to system performance and can be triggered by an attacker, typically using crafted manipulations that ensure that the worst case is being reached.

255 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-77680 (GCVE-0-2026-77680)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-25 20:36 – Updated: 2026-08-26 12:43
VLAI
Title
Libsoup3: libsoup: quadratic cpu denial of service in http range coalescing after cve-2025-32907 fix
Summary
An algorithmic complexity flaw exists in libsoup's HTTP Range header processing that persists after the CVE-2025-32907 fix. CVE-2025-32907 addressed memory amplification when a client repeated the same range many times in a single Range header. Commit 9bb92f7a corrected merge correctness in soup_message_headers_get_ranges_internal() in libsoup/soup-message-headers.c, but the coalescing loop still removes merged ranges using g_array_remove_index() for each coalesced element. Because GArray is contiguous, each mid-array removal performs an O(N) memmove. When many identical satisfiable ranges are supplied (for example bytes=0-0 repeated thousands of times), the loop performs O(N²) work coalescing them into a single range. The vulnerable path is reachable server-side from handle_partial_get() in libsoup/server/http1/soup-server-message-io-http1.c when a SoupServer handler returns HTTP 200 with a non-empty body. No authentication is required. The number of ranges is bounded only by the maximum request header size (~100 KiB), allowing roughly 25,000 ranges per request. Reporter measurements on libsoup HEAD containing the CVE-2025-32907 fix show ~90 ms single-core CPU per such request at the wire maximum, blocking the server's event loop for that duration. This is a CPU exhaustion / availability issue only. No memory corruption or information disclosure occurs. Affected: libsoup versions containing the CVE-2025-32907 fix but not merge request !550. Fixed upstream: MR !550 merged 2026-08-20, replacing per-element removal with O(N) in-place compaction and rejecting Range headers requesting more than 200 ranges. Upstream report: https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libsoup/-/issues/538 Related: CVE-2025-32907
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-26 12:38 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-21 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-76401 (GCVE-0-2026-76401)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 21:35 – Updated: 2026-08-20 15:26
VLAI
Title
Regular Expression Denial of Service (DoS) through the REST API in Splunk Connect for Kafka
Summary
In Splunk Connect for Kafka versions below 2.2.7, an unauthenticated user who can reach the Kafka Connect Representational State Transfer (REST) API could configure timestamp extraction with a crafted regular expression and matching event data to block a Kafka Connect worker thread, stopping event delivery for the affected connector. The vulnerability is possible because timestamp extraction evaluates customer-supplied regular expressions without a time limit. For more information see Install Splunk Connect for Kafka (https://help.splunk.com/en/data-management/integrate-data-with-add-ons/splunk-connect-for-kafka/2.2/install/install-splunk-connect-for-kafka) and Data ingestion parameters for Splunk Connect for Kafka (https://help.splunk.com/en/data-management/integrate-data-with-add-ons/splunk-connect-for-kafka/2.2/overview/data-ingestion-parameters-for-splunk-connect-for-kafka) in the Splunk documentation.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 15:11 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - An algorithm in a product has an inefficient worst-case computational complexity that may be detrimental to system performance and can be triggered by an attacker, typically using crafted manipulations that ensure that the worst case is being reached.
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Splunk Splunk Connect for Kafka Affected: 2.2 , < 2.2.7 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-19 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-75596 (GCVE-0-2026-75596)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 20:56 – Updated: 2026-08-20 19:59
VLAI
Title
Netty: Fragmented ClientHello records trigger quadratic pre-handshake reassembly in default SNI parsing
Summary
Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.17.Final, the default io.netty.handler.ssl.SniHandler constructors use the pre-handshake ClientHello aggregation path in handler/src/main/java/io/netty/handler/ssl/SslClientHelloHandler.java at io.netty.handler.ssl.SslClientHelloHandler#decode, where handshakeBuffer.clear() and writeBytes() recopy all previously received body bytes for every additional TLS record. An unauthenticated remote peer can advertise a large ClientHello and deliver its body in thousands of tiny records, causing quadratic CPU work on the event loop before the TLS handshake completes and degrading TLS handling for other clients. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.17.Final.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 19:59 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
netty netty Affected: < 4.1.137.Final
Affected: >= 4.2.0.Final, < 4.2.17.Final
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-73643 (GCVE-0-2026-73643)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 17:47 – Updated: 2026-08-14 16:44
VLAI
Title
js-yaml: Exponential parsing time in the flow collections leads to denial of service
Summary
js-yaml is a JavaScript YAML parser and dumper. From 5.0.0 until 5.2.2, parsing a small YAML document can take exponential time when an application calls load() or loadAll() on untrusted input. In src/parser/parser.ts, readFlowCollection uses restoreState and calls parseNode a second time when a flow-sequence entry is recognized as a key: value pair. If the key is a nested flow sequence of the same shape, every level is parsed twice, causing O(2^n) work and allowing an input under 200 bytes to keep one CPU busy for minutes, block the Node.js event loop, and stall the process. No anchors, aliases, merges, tags, or nondefault options are required. This issue is fixed in version 5.2.2.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-14 16:43 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nodeca js-yaml Affected: >= 5.0.0, < 5.2.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-73413 (GCVE-0-2026-73413)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-12 19:40 – Updated: 2026-08-13 14:18
VLAI
Title
Shescape: Quadratic-time denial of service in flag-protection
Summary
Shescape is a simple shell escape library for JavaScript. From 2.1.11 until 2.1.14 and 3.0.1, the flag-protection loop in compose in src/internal/compose.js repeatedly joins and slices flag fragments when flagProtection is enabled, which is the default, making processing quadratic in input size across the escape, escapeAll, quote, and quoteAll APIs. An attacker who can supply a large untrusted input containing many flag fragments can consume CPU and cause denial of service. This issue is fixed in versions 2.1.14 and 3.0.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-13 14:17 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ericcornelissen shescape Affected: >= 2.1.11, < 2.1.14
Affected: >= 3.0.0, < 3.0.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-72685 (GCVE-0-2026-72685)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 19:10 – Updated: 2026-08-13 20:34
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in Elasticsearch Leading to Denial of Service
Summary
A flaw in Elasticsearch allows a low-privileged authenticated user who can index documents to submit a single small document containing a crafted user-supplied input. Processing one such document occupies a worker thread from a bounded pool for a disproportionate amount of time, degrading the availability of indexing operations on the affected node.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-13 20:23 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Elastic Elasticsearch Affected: 8.0.0 , ≤ 8.19.19 (semver)
Affected: 9.0.0 , ≤ 9.4.4 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-72663 (GCVE-0-2026-72663)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 19:13 – Updated: 2026-08-13 20:30
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in Kibana Leading to Denial of Service
Summary
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity (CWE-407) in Kibana can lead to denial of service via Input Data Manipulation (CAPEC-153). A specially crafted, deeply nested expression submitted to a Kibana TSVB visualization is evaluated with a worst-case cost that grows disproportionately with the size of the input. Because the evaluation runs synchronously, a single request consumes the Kibana request-processing thread indefinitely, and Kibana stops responding to all further requests until the service is restarted.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-13 20:05 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Elastic Kibana Affected: 8.0.0 , ≤ 8.19.19 (semver)
Affected: 9.0.0 , ≤ 9.4.4 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-71848 (GCVE-0-2026-71848)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-07 18:36 – Updated: 2026-08-08 03:04
VLAI
Title
Hono: Algorithmic Complexity DoS in Language Middleware
Summary
Hono is a Web application framework that provides support for any JavaScript runtime. From 4.12.0 to 4.12.33, the languageDetector middleware is vulnerable to algorithmic complexity denial of service when processing a crafted language tag containing a large number of hyphen separated subtags. To implement progressive language tag truncation, normalizeLanguage() repeatedly calls parts.slice(0, i).join('-') for every possible prefix, so the total amount of string processing grows quadratically with the number of subtags. Language values may come from a query parameter, cookie, Accept-Language header, or URL path, depending on the detector configuration, and the default detector order enables query string, cookie, and header detection, so applications using languageDetector() may expose this processing to unauthenticated requests. An attacker may repeatedly send requests containing long, hyphen separated language tags, causing excessive CPU consumption and preventing unrelated requests from being processed. This issue is fixed in version 4.12.34.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-08 03:04 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
honojs hono Affected: >= 4.12.0, < 4.12.34
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-71491 (GCVE-0-2026-71491)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 17:16 – Updated: 2026-08-17 22:01
VLAI
Title
sqlparse: Quadratic O(n²) DoS in group_comments
Summary
sqlparse is a non-validating SQL parser module for Python. Prior to 0.6.0, group_comments in sqlparse/engine/grouping.py repeatedly rescans comment-only statements before the MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS guard, causing quadratic CPU consumption through sqlparse.parse() and sqlparse.format(sql, strip_comments=True). This issue is fixed in version 0.6.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 22:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
andialbrecht sqlparse Affected: < 0.6.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-71488 (GCVE-0-2026-71488)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-06 20:37 – Updated: 2026-08-07 17:17
VLAI
Title
league/commonmark: Quadratic-time denial of service when parsing crafted Markdown
Summary
league/commonmark is a PHP library for parsing and rendering CommonMark Markdown. From 0.6.0 until 2.9.0, specially crafted Markdown lines can cause the parser to have quadratic time complexity when converting, because several parsing paths repeatedly rescan growing portions of a line to translate between character positions and byte positions, and the Autolink extension can also copy and validate the remaining line at every URL-like prefix, allowing an attacker who can submit Markdown for conversion to consume disproportionate CPU time with a comparatively small request. This issue is fixed in 2.9.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-07 17:16 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
  • CWE-1050 - Excessive Platform Resource Consumption within a Loop
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
thephpleague commonmark Affected: >= 0.6.0, < 2.9.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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No mitigation information available for this CWE.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.