Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
12616 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-44041 (GCVE-0-2026-44041)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-01 03:33 – Updated: 2026-07-09 04:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
UltraVNC vncWc2Mb calls wcslen() before validating that the wide string is NUL-terminated
Summary
UltraVNC through 1.8.2.2 contains an out-of-bounds read in the wide-string to multibyte conversion helper. In rfb/dh.cpp:204, the vncWc2Mb() function passes a caller-supplied WCHAR pointer to wcslen() before any bounds check. If the caller provides a wide-character buffer that is not properly NUL-terminated, wcslen() reads past the end of the buffer until it encounters a NUL wchar, resulting in an out-of-bounds read. Under typical Win32 API usage this requires an abnormal caller contract. Impact is limited to a potential information disclosure from adjacent memory regions or a process crash (denial of service) if the over-read crosses a page boundary.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-01 13:10 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://uvnc.com/ | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/ultravnc/UltraVNC | product |
| https://www.securin.io/zero-days/cve-2026-44041-v… |
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CVE-2026-43996 (GCVE-0-2026-43996)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-14 19:08 – Updated: 2026-05-16 00:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OpenImageIO: Integer wraparound in bounds check of decode_pixel leads to out-of-bounds read in TGA paletted image decoder
Summary
OpenImageIO is a toolset for reading, writing, and manipulating image files of any image file format relevant to VFX / animation. Prior to 3.0.18.0 and 3.1.13.0, the bounds check in TGAInput::decode_pixel computes k + palbytespp as unsigned 32-bit arithmetic. When k = 0xFFFFFFFC and palbytespp = 4, the addition wraps to 0, which compares less than palette_alloc_size and passes the check. The subsequent palette access uses the unwrapped k (0xFFFFFFFC) as the index, reading ~4 GB past the start of the palette buffer — SEGV. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.0.18.0 and 3.1.13.0.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-16 00:52 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/Open… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AcademySoftwareFoundation | OpenImageIO |
Affected:
< 3.0.18.0
Affected: >= 3.1.4.0-beta, < 3.1.13.0 |
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CVE-2026-43951 (GCVE-0-2026-43951)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-08 15:16 – Updated: 2026-06-08 22:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache HTTP Server: OOB Read in `merge_response_headers` can cause crash
Summary
Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in Apache HTTP Server with mod_headers and mod_mime and multiple response languages.
This issue affects Apache HTTP Server: from 2.4.0 through 2.4.67.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-08 18:13 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://httpd.apache.org/security/vulnerabilities… | vendor-advisory |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/0… |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache HTTP Server |
Affected:
2.4.0 , ≤ 2.4.67
(semver)
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CVE-2026-43916 (GCVE-0-2026-43916)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 13:31 – Updated: 2026-05-13 14:38
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pam_authnft: Heap buffer overflow in NETLINK_SOCK_DIAG reply walker
Summary
pam_authnft is a PAM session module binding nftables firewall rules to authenticated sessions via cgroupv2 inodes. Prior to 0.2.0-alpha, a heap buffer over-read in peer_lookup_tcp (src/peer_lookup.c:134, prior to the fix) allowed a crafted NETLINK_SOCK_DIAG reply to slip past the message-size check, then dereference past the end of the allocation. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.2.0-alpha.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-13 14:32 UTC
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/identd-ng/pam_authnft/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/identd-ng/pam_authnft/pull/10 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| identd-ng | pam_authnft |
Affected:
< 0.2.0-alpha
|
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CVE-2026-43909 (GCVE-0-2026-43909)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-14 19:00 – Updated: 2026-05-14 19:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OpenImageIO: Signed integer overflow in SwapRGBABytes loop index leads to out-of-bounds read/write in DPX ABGR decoder
Summary
OpenImageIO is a toolset for reading, writing, and manipulating image files of any image file format relevant to VFX / animation. Prior to 3.0.18.0 and 3.1.13.0, a signed 32-bit integer overflow in the loop index expression i * 4 inside SwapRGBABytes() causes the function to compute a large negative pointer offset when processing kABGR DPX images with large dimensions. The immediate crash is an out-of-bounds read (the memcpy at line 45 reads from &input[i * 4] first), but the subsequent write operations at lines 46–49 target the same wrapped offset — making this a combined OOB read+write primitive. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.0.18.0 and 3.1.13.0.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-14 19:37 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/Open… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AcademySoftwareFoundation | OpenImageIO |
Affected:
< 3.0.18.0
Affected: >= 3.1.4.0-beta, < 3.1.13.0 |
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CVE-2026-43630 (GCVE-0-2026-43630)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-06 15:50 – Updated: 2026-08-14 16:49 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
llama.cpp b5702–b7653 Out-of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure
Summary
llama.cpp builds b5702 through b7653 contain an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the recurrent memory state restore path that allows attackers with write access to the slot save directory to read memory past the end of the allocated cells array. Attackers can craft a malicious slot file with an oversized seq_id value to trigger an out-of-bounds read that leaks heap data including pointer values into server logs, defeating ASLR protections and facilitating further exploitation.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-07 16:21 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-06 00:00
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CVE-2026-43628 (GCVE-0-2026-43628)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-06 15:45 – Updated: 2026-08-14 16:49 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
llama.cpp b3978–b9058 Integer Underflow via DRY Sampler
Summary
llama.cpp builds b3978 through b9058 contain an integer underflow and out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the DRY sampler that allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger a heap buffer underflow by sending a crafted HTTP request with dry_allowed_length set to INT32_MIN to the /v1/completions or /v1/chat/completions endpoints. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability to crash the server with SIGSEGV causing denial of service for all connected users, or corrupt token sampling probabilities by reading garbage values from memory before the allocated buffer.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-07 15:20 UTC
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Vladimir-tokarev-cyera/llama-c… | mitigation |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/llama-cpp-b3… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-06 00:00
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CVE-2026-43620 (GCVE-0-2026-43620)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-20 00:47 – Updated: 2026-07-14 20:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Rsync < 3.4.3 Out-of-Bounds Array Read via recv_files()
Summary
Rsync version 3.4.2 and prior contain a receiver-side out-of-bounds array read vulnerability in recv_files() in receiver.c that allows a malicious rsync server to crash the rsync client process. Attackers can exploit the vulnerability by setting CF_INC_RECURSE in compatibility flags and sending a specially crafted file list where the first sorted entry is not the leading dot directory, followed by a transfer record with ndx=0 and an iflag word without ITEM_TRANSFER, causing the receiver to read 8 bytes before the allocated pointer array and dereference an invalid pointer at an unmapped address, resulting in a deterministic SIGSEGV crash of the rsync client.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-20 14:11 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/RsyncProject/rsync/security/ad… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/RsyncProject/rsync/releases/ta… | release-notes |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/rsync-out-of… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| RsyncProject | rsync |
Affected:
0 , < 3.4.3
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:samba:rsync:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-05-19 00:00
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CVE-2026-43618 (GCVE-0-2026-43618)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-20 00:50 – Updated: 2026-09-01 12:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Rsync < 3.4.3 Integer Overflow Information Disclosure
Summary
Rsync version 3.4.2 and prior contain an integer overflow vulnerability in the compressed-token decoder where a 32-bit signed counter is not checked for overflow, allowing a malicious sender to trigger an overflow that causes the receiver process to read and return data from outside the intended buffer bounds. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability to disclose process memory contents including environment variables, passwords, heap and stack data, and library memory pointers, significantly reducing ASLR effectiveness and facilitating further exploitation.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-20 13:03 UTC
Assigner
References
10 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/RsyncProject/rsync/security/ad… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/RsyncProject/rsync/releases/ta… | release-notes |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/rsync-intege… | third-party-advisory |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43618 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2469054 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26332 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26410 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26408 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:29197 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
8 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| RsyncProject | rsync |
Affected:
0 , < 3.4.3
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:samba:rsync:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
Unaffected:
0:3.4.4-1.el10_2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
Unaffected:
0:3.1.3-27.el8_10 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
0:3.2.5-7.el9_8.2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Discovery 2 |
Unaffected:
1782166952 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:discovery:2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
|
Date Public
2026-05-19 00:00
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CVE-2026-42968 (GCVE-0-2026-42968)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 17:06 – Updated: 2026-09-24 13:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Windows Telephony Server Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Telephony Service allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-09 17:42 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
20 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9234
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8880
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.7417
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.7417
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.7219
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.7219
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.8655
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.8655
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 26H1 |
Affected:
10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2269
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26132
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26132
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23228
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23228
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9234
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9234
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8880
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8880
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.5256
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32995
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32995
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-06-09 14:00
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"datePublic": "2026-06-09T14:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
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"lang": "en-US",
"value": "Out-of-bounds read in Windows Telephony Service allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally."
}
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"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
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"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-24T13:44:59.464Z",
"orgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
"shortName": "microsoft"
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"references": [
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"name": "Windows Telephony Server Information Disclosure Vulnerability",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-42968"
}
],
"title": "Windows Telephony Server Information Disclosure Vulnerability"
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},
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"datePublished": "2026-06-09T17:06:08.545Z",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-09-24T13:44:59.464Z",
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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.