Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-787

Weakness Allowed-with-Review

Out-of-bounds Write

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

Dimensions

  • Behavior-Type: Write
  • Resource-Type: Memory Buffer
  • Resource-Property: Out-of-bounds
Mapping guidance

This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities. However, closer examination is required.

While this CWE is allowed for mapping, it has more specific children that might be a better fit. Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is appropriate. Consider the root cause errors that have led to the out-of-bounds write by examining "CanFollow" relationships for this entry.

Relationships and members
ChildOf: CWE-119 · View CWE-1000
ChildOf: CWE-119 · View CWE-1003
ChildOf: CWE-119 · View CWE-1305
ChildOf: CWE-119 · View CWE-1340
Modes of introduction
Implementation
Detection methods

Automated Static Analysis

This weakness can often be detected using automated static analysis tools. Many modern tools use data flow analysis or constraint-based techniques to minimize the number of false positives.

Automated static analysis generally does not account for environmental considerations when reporting out-of-bounds memory operations. This can make it difficult for users to determine which warnings should be investigated first. For example, an analysis tool might report buffer overflows that originate from command line arguments in a program that is not expected to run with setuid or other special privileges.

Effectiveness: High

Detection techniques for buffer-related errors are more mature than for most other weakness types.

Automated Dynamic Analysis

This weakness can be detected using dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the software using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The software's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.

Automated Dynamic Analysis

Use tools that are integrated during compilation to insert runtime error-checking mechanisms related to memory safety errors, such as AddressSanitizer (ASan) for C/C++ [REF-1518].

Effectiveness: Moderate

Crafted inputs are necessary to reach the code containing the error, such as generated by fuzzers. Also, these tools may reduce performance, and they only report the error condition - not the original mistake that led to the error.

Content history
Submission: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-10-21 · CWE 1.6
Contribution: "Mapping CWE to 62443" Sub-Working Group · CWE-CAPEC ICS/OT SIG · 2023-04-25 · CWE 4.11

Suggested mappings to ISA/IEC 62443.

Contribution: Abhi Balakrishnan · 2024-02-29 · CWE 4.15

Provided diagram to improve CWE usability

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2010-02-16 · CWE 1.8

updated Demonstrative_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2010-09-27 · CWE 1.10

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-01 · CWE 1.13

updated Common_Consequences

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-06-23 · CWE 2.7

updated Demonstrative_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2015-12-07 · CWE 2.9

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2018-03-27 · CWE 3.1

updated Description

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2019-09-19 · CWE 3.4

updated Applicable_Platforms, Demonstrative_Examples, Detection_Factors, Likelihood_of_Exploit, Observed_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Time_of_Introduction

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-02-24 · CWE 4.0

updated Observed_Examples, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-06-25 · CWE 4.1

updated Observed_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-08-20 · CWE 4.2

updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Observed_Examples, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-12-10 · CWE 4.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-03-15 · CWE 4.4

updated Demonstrative_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-07-20 · CWE 4.5

updated Demonstrative_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2022-06-28 · CWE 4.8

updated Observed_Examples, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2022-10-13 · CWE 4.9

updated Applicable_Platforms

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-01-31 · CWE 4.10

updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Description

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-04-27 · CWE 4.11

updated Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-06-29 · CWE 4.12

updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2024-02-29 · CWE 4.14

updated Demonstrative_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2024-07-16 · CWE 4.15

updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram, Weakness_Ordinalities

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2024-11-19 · CWE 4.16

updated Observed_Examples, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-04-03 · CWE 4.17

updated Observed_Examples, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-09-09 · CWE 4.18

updated Affected_Resources, Functional_Areas, References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-12-11 · CWE 4.19

updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-04-30 · CWE 4.20

updated Mapping_Notes

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-10-28 · CWE 5.0

updated Dimensions, Observed_Examples, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

17100 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-129122 (GCVE-0-2026-129122)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-13 16:23 – Updated: 2026-11-13 16:23
VLAI
Title
C-Kermit 6.0.192 before 11.1.515 Buffer Overflow via Telnet NEW-ENVIRON Negotiation
Summary
C-Kermit 6.0.192 before 11.1.515 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in tn_snenv() in ckctel.c that allows malicious Telnet servers to corrupt client memory via crafted NEW-ENVIRON SEND subnegotiation. Malicious or machine-in-the-middle servers can send oversized variable names before authentication, overflowing a 16-byte stack buffer and a miscomputed heap buffer to corrupt stack and heap memory.
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 8186 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenKermit C-Kermit Affected: 6.0.192 , < 11.1.515 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-31 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-128990 (GCVE-0-2026-128990)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-13 15:01 – Updated: 2026-11-13 15:01
VLAI
Title
xschem 2.9.9 through 3.4.7 Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via rawtovcd read_dataset()
Summary
xschem 2.9.9 through 3.4.7 contains a heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in read_dataset() in src/rawtovcd.c due to an unchecked variable index. Attackers can supply a crafted ngspice .raw file that, when converted with rawtovcd, writes file-controlled heap pointers at chosen signed offsets, corrupting heap memory.
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 8186 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Stefan Schippers xschem Affected: 2.9.9 , ≤ 3.4.7 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-29 00:00
Credits
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-128067 (GCVE-0-2026-128067)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-12 22:49 – Updated: 2026-11-13 16:03
VLAI
Title
Pillow: Heap buffer overflow saving TIFF with libtiff when tags override image size
Summary
Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 2.3.0 through 12.3.0, Pillow applications that save compressed TIFF images through libtiff can pass attacker-controlled image geometry tags to the encoder while allocating its row buffer from the actual image dimensions. The affected TiffImagePlugin._save path allows ImageWidth, ImageLength, or SamplesPerPixel from exif=, tiffinfo=, or a source TIFF IFD to make libtiff consume a larger scanline than the buffer supplied by ImagingLibTiffEncode. This can read heap memory into the generated TIFF or crash the process. When TIFF Predictor 2 is enabled, libtiff can rewrite the oversized scanline in place and corrupt memory beyond the buffer. A carried-over PlanarConfiguration value of 2 instead makes libtiff use a shorter scanline and can produce an undecodable output file, but is not established to cause the out-of-bounds access. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-13 15:28 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7886 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
python-pillow Pillow Affected: >= 2.3.0, < 13.0.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-128014 (GCVE-0-2026-128014)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-13 09:34 – Updated: 2026-11-13 09:34
VLAI
Title
FrankenPHP 1.8.0 before 1.13.2 Out-of-Bounds Write via Bundled Brotli Decoder
Summary
FrankenPHP standalone static binaries 1.8.0 before 1.13.2 bundle the PHP brotli extension statically linked with Brotli 1.2.0, whose decoder contains an out-of-bounds write (CVE-2026-111497). Unauthenticated remote attackers can send crafted data to applications that pass it to brotli_uncompress_add() to crash the entire FrankenPHP process, and possibly cause memory disclosure or code execution.
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 8186 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
php frankenphp Affected: 1.8.0 , < 1.13.2 (semver)
Unaffected: 1.13.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:php:frankenphp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-26 00:00
Credits
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-127122 (GCVE-0-2026-127122)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-13 13:24 – Updated: 2026-11-13 20:06
VLAI
Title
Out-of-bounds write with too many MCR blocks in a Connect request
Summary
P-Net before 1.0.4 does not check the number of MCR request blocks in a Connect request against the number of multicast communication relations that an Application Relationship has room for (PNET_MAX_MC_CR, 1 by default). Each further block is written past the end of the array, into the rest of the Application Relationship and, with more blocks, into the following one. The written data comes from the request. No established Application Relationship is needed, and the attacker requires ADJACENT network access. Builds with PNET_OPTION_MC_CR disabled are not affected.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-13 19:54 UTC
CWE
Assigner
rt-labs CNA under the ENISA root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 20 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RT-Labs P-Net Affected: 0 , < 1.0.4 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-127030 (GCVE-0-2026-127030)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-12 16:21 – Updated: 2026-11-13 00:22
VLAI
Title
Freeradius: stack buffer overflow via unchecked eap-fast sessionticket length
Summary
A flaw was found in freeradius. An improper length validation in the EAP-FAST module allows a stack-based buffer overflow during session ticket processing. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can exploit this flaw by sending a specially crafted handshake request, causing the server process to crash and resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS).
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-13 00:22 UTC
CWE
Assigner
redhat CNA under the redhat root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 1212 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-11-12 12:12
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-127029 (GCVE-0-2026-127029)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-12 16:21 – Updated: 2026-11-13 22:33
VLAI
Title
Freeradius: stack-based buffer overflow via unbounded eap-sim identity length
Summary
A flaw was found in freeradius's Extensible Authentication Protocol Method for Subscriber Identity Module (EAP-SIM) module. When handling authentication requests, the server copies a client-supplied identity into an internal structure without properly checking its length against a fixed-size buffer. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this issue by sending specially crafted EAP-SIM messages, triggering a stack buffer overflow that crashes the service and results in a Denial of Service (DoS).
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-13 16:33 UTC
CWE
Assigner
redhat CNA under the redhat root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 1212 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-11-12 12:10
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-126792 (GCVE-0-2026-126792)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-12 23:53 – Updated: 2026-11-12 23:53
VLAI
Title
Heap overflow via oversized RSA signature in GCP KMS signing callback
Summary
A memory-safety flaw in the key-management request-building component of the library can lead to an out-of-bounds write on the heap. A fixed-size output buffer is used under an assumption about cryptographic key size that is never validated, so when the library is embedded by a caller that supplies its own cryptographic callback implementation, data larger than the buffer can be written past its end. Exploitation requires the ability to control the embedding application's in-process key-management provider configuration, a high-privilege position. The demonstrated impact is memory corruption resulting in abnormal termination of the client process.
CWE
Assigner
mongodb CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 70/100 over 262 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MongoDB Libmongocrypt Driver Affected: 1.1.0 , ≤ 1.21.2 (python)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-126497 (GCVE-0-2026-126497)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-11 00:58 – Updated: 2026-11-12 19:15
VLAI
Title
LibreCAD through 2.2.1.6 Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via dwgReader18::parseDataPage
Summary
LibreCAD through 2.2.1.6 contains a heap-based out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the bundled libdxfrw dwgReader18::parseDataPage() function due to unchecked buffer size and page offsets. Attackers can craft an AC1018 (R2004) DWG file with malicious startOffset values that cause decompress18 to write past the heap buffer when opened, causing crashes and potential code execution.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-12 19:15 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 8186 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
LibreCAD LibreCAD Affected: 0 , ≤ 2.2.1.6 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:librecad:librecad:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-11-08 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-126245 (GCVE-0-2026-126245)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-11 21:31 – Updated: 2026-11-12 15:30
VLAI
Summary
A out-of-bounds write vulnerability in Fortinet FortiAuthenticator 8.0.0 through 8.0.3, FortiAuthenticator 6.6.0 through 6.6.10 may allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via http requests, should the attacker be able to defeat ASLR protections.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-12 14:30 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-787 - Execute unauthorized code or commands
Assigner
fortinet CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 145 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Fortinet FortiAuthenticator Affected: 8.0.0 , ≤ 8.0.3 (semver)
Affected: 6.6.0 , ≤ 6.6.10 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:8.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:8.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiauthenticator:6.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "FortiAuthenticator",
          "vendor": "Fortinet",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "8.0.3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.0.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.10",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.6.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A out-of-bounds write vulnerability in Fortinet FortiAuthenticator 8.0.0 through 8.0.3, FortiAuthenticator 6.6.0 through 6.6.10 may allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via http requests, should the attacker be able to defeat ASLR protections."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 8.1,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS"
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-787",
              "description": "Execute unauthorized code or commands",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-11-11T21:31:40.840Z",
        "orgId": "6abe59d8-c742-4dff-8ce8-9b0ca1073da8",
        "shortName": "fortinet"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-26-259",
          "url": "https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-26-259"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Upgrade to FortiAuthenticator version 8.0.4 or above\nUpgrade to FortiAuthenticator version 6.6.11 or above"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "6abe59d8-c742-4dff-8ce8-9b0ca1073da8",
    "assignerShortName": "fortinet",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-126245",
    "datePublished": "2026-11-11T21:31:40.840Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-11-10T20:09:44.095Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-11-12T15:30:39.964Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
  • Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
  • Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
  • Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
  • When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
  • Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
  • If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation

Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.