Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-115
AllowedMisinterpretation of Input
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product misinterprets an input, whether from an attacker or another product, in a security-relevant fashion.
50 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-17566 (GCVE-0-2026-17566)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-31 16:00 – Updated: 2026-08-01 03:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pgAdmin 4: RCE via backslash-escape mismatch in Import/Export Data query guard (incomplete defense, sibling gap to CVE-2025-13780)
Summary
pgAdmin 4's Import/Export Data tool builds a psql \copy (...) command line by interpolating a user-supplied SQL query into a Jinja template and passing the rendered line to psql via --command. To stop an attacker from breaking out of the (...) wrapper, create_import_export_job() (route POST /import_export/job/<sid>, gated only by the ordinary, commonly-granted tools_import_export_data permission) validated the query with a hand-written parenthesis-balance checker, _is_query_parens_balanced(). That checker always treated a backslash before a single quote (\') as escaping the quote, i.e. as if standard_conforming_strings were off. PostgreSQL has defaulted standard_conforming_strings to on since 9.1 (2010), the default on every PostgreSQL version pgAdmin 4 currently supports (13-18); under that default psql's own \copy tokenizer treats \ as an ordinary character, so a single quote immediately after it closes the string literal. A query such as SELECT 'a\') TO PROGRAM 'echo pwned' x' was therefore accepted as "balanced" by pgAdmin's checker (which believed the ) was still inside the string), while psql, run through the actual rendered command line, closes the string at that point and treats the following ) as the end of the wrapping \copy (...) subquery, exposing an attacker-chosen TO PROGRAM '<command>' clause that psql executes via popen() -- independent of a subsequent syntax error later on the same line. This is the same class of bug as CVE-2025-12762/CVE-2025-13780 (RCE via psql meta-command/COPY injection during PLAIN-format dump restore), reached through an independently written defense in a different module (Import/Export Data rather than Restore) that had its own, different logic bug (inverted backslash-escape semantics rather than a BOM-defeated regex anchor).
The fix rejects any backslash inside a single-quoted string in the query outright, rather than picking one of the two possible psql interpretations. This is intentionally conservative: because the correct interpretation of \ depends on the target server's standard_conforming_strings setting, which the checker cannot reliably know at validation time, refusing the query is safer than guessing.
This issue affects pgAdmin 4: from the introduction of _is_query_parens_balanced() before 9.18.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/issues/10213 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/14… | patch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| pgadmin.org | pgAdmin 4 |
Affected:
0 , < 9.18
(custom)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-17351 (GCVE-0-2026-17351)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-31 16:00 – Updated: 2026-08-01 03:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pgAdmin 4: AI Assistant read-only transaction bypass via sqlparse/PostgreSQL lexer disagreement (incomplete fix for CVE-2026-12045)
Summary
The fix for CVE-2026-12045 in pgAdmin 4 9.16 required the LLM-supplied query passed to the AI Assistant's execute_sql_query tool to parse, via sqlparse, as exactly one non-transaction-control statement before running it inside a BEGIN TRANSACTION READ ONLY wrapper. sqlparse's string-literal lexing can disagree with PostgreSQL's own parser: under standard_conforming_strings = on (PostgreSQL's default since 9.1), a backslash immediately before a quote is an ordinary character to PostgreSQL, but sqlparse treats it as escaping the quote. A payload such as SELECT '\';COMMIT;CREATE TABLE pwn(x int);SELECT 1 --' therefore parses as a single SELECT to sqlparse's validator, while PostgreSQL executes it as four statements: the smuggled COMMIT ends the wrapping read-only transaction, and the trailing ROLLBACK becomes a no-op. This reintroduces the same write/RCE bypass CVE-2026-12045 was meant to close, reachable via the same indirect prompt-injection delivery (an attacker plants the payload in any object the AI Assistant may read; the LLM emits it as a tool call).
An initial candidate fix ran the query with psycopg's execute(..., prepare=True), intending to force PostgreSQL's own Parse step (extended query protocol) to reject multi-statement text regardless of sqlparse's classification. This candidate fix does not work as submitted: psycopg3's PrepareManager silently ignores the prepare argument whenever the connection's prepare_threshold is None, which is pgAdmin's default for every server connection (the per-server "Prepare threshold" field is blank unless an administrator explicitly sets it) -- psycopg3 falls back to the simple query protocol, the same multi-statement-capable path the bypass exploits, so the candidate fix closes nothing on any real-world default configuration.
The corrected fix sets conn.prepare_threshold = 0 directly on the dedicated, single-use read-only connection the AI Assistant tool opens, structurally forcing the extended query protocol independent of any server-level configuration. Verified against a live PostgreSQL 18 instance: the payload executes successfully under the prepare_threshold=None (default) behavior, and is rejected with "cannot insert multiple commands into a prepared statement" once prepare_threshold=0 is set on that connection.
This issue affects pgAdmin 4: from 9.13 before 9.17.
Severity
9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/issues/10192 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/ef… | patch |
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/bf… | related |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| pgadmin.org | pgAdmin 4 |
Affected:
9.13 , < 9.17
(custom)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-12491 (GCVE-0-2026-12491)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-17 10:07 – Updated: 2026-07-07 07:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Vllm: vllm: image exif rotation & png trns transparency not normalized, causing mismatch between model input and expectations
Summary
A flaw was found in vLLM, an open-source library for large language model inference. This vulnerability arises from improper handling of image metadata, specifically EXIF orientation and PNG transparency (tRNS) data, during image processing. When images are converted to RGB, transparency information may be implicitly discarded or remapped, leading to unexpected rendering of transparent pixels and distortion of input content. This can result in the model misinterpreting image content, potentially affecting the integrity of processed data.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-115 - Misinterpretation of Input
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-12491 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2489786 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| vllm-project | vLLM |
Affected:
0.11.0 , < 0.24.0
(semver)
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat AI Inference Server |
cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai |
Date Public
2026-06-10 00:00
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CVE-2025-68113 (GCVE-0-2025-68113)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-16 00:53 – Updated: 2025-12-16 21:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ALTCHA Proof-of-Work Vulnerable to Challenge Splicing and Replay
Summary
ALTCHA is privacy-first software for captcha and bot protection. A cryptographic semantic binding flaw in ALTCHA libraries allows challenge payload splicing, which may enable replay attacks. The HMAC signature does not unambiguously bind challenge parameters to the nonce, allowing an attacker to reinterpret a valid proof-of-work submission with a modified expiration value. This may allow previously solved challenges to be reused beyond their intended lifetime, depending on server-side replay handling and deployment assumptions. The vulnerability primarily impacts abuse-prevention mechanisms such as rate limiting and bot mitigation. It does not directly affect data confidentiality or integrity. This issue has been addressed by enforcing explicit semantic separation between challenge parameters and the nonce during HMAC computation. Users are advised to upgrade to patched versions, which include version 1.0.0 of the altcha Golang package, version 1.0.0 of the altcha Rubygem, version 1.0.0 of the altcha pip package, version 1.0.0 of the altcha Erlang package, version 1.4.1 of the altcha-lib npm package, version 1.3.1 of the altcha-org/altcha Composer package, and version 1.3.0 of the org.altcha:altcha Maven package. As a mitigation, implementations may append a delimiter to the end of the `salt` value prior to HMAC computation (for example, `<salt>?expires=<time>&`). This prevents ambiguity between parameters and the nonce and is backward-compatible with existing implementations, as the delimiter is treated as a standard URL parameter separator.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
10 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/altcha-org/altcha-lib/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/altcha-org/altcha-lib-ex/commi… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/altcha-org/altcha-lib-go/commi… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/altcha-org/altcha-lib-java/com… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/altcha-org/altcha-lib-php/comm… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/altcha-org/altcha-lib-rb/commi… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/altcha-org/altcha-lib/commit/c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/altcha-org/altcha-lib-java/rel… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/altcha-org/altcha-lib-php/rele… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/altcha-org/altcha-lib/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| altcha-org | altcha-lib |
Affected:
< 1.4.1
|
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CVE-2025-55303 (GCVE-0-2025-55303)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-19 18:08 – Updated: 2025-08-19 20:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unauthorized third-party images in Astro’s _image endpoint
Summary
Astro is a web framework for content-driven websites. In versions of astro before 5.13.2 and 4.16.18, the image optimization endpoint in projects deployed with on-demand rendering allows images from unauthorized third-party domains to be served. On-demand rendered sites built with Astro include an /_image endpoint which returns optimized versions of images. A bug in impacted versions of astro allows an attacker to bypass the third-party domain restrictions by using a protocol-relative URL as the image source, e.g. /_image?href=//example.com/image.png. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.13.2 and 4.16.18.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/withastro/astro/commit/4d16de7… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-54584 (GCVE-0-2025-54584)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-30 20:01 – Updated: 2025-07-30 20:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GitProxy is vulnerable to a packfile parsing exploit
Summary
GitProxy is an application that stands between developers and a Git remote endpoint (e.g., github.com). In versions 1.19.1 and below, an attacker can craft a malicious Git packfile to exploit the PACK signature detection in the parsePush.ts file. By embedding a misleading PACK signature within commit content and carefully constructing the packet structure, the attacker can trick the parser into treating invalid or unintended data as the packfile. Potentially, this would allow bypassing approval or hiding commits. This issue is fixed in version 1.19.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-115 - Misinterpretation of Input
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/finos/git-proxy/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/finos/git-proxy/commit/333c98a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/finos/git-proxy/commit/a620a2f… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/finos/git-proxy/releases/tag/v1.19.2 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-32908 (GCVE-0-2025-32908)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-14 14:00 – Updated: 2026-06-29 20:39
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Libsoup: denial of service on libsoup through http/2 server
Summary
A flaw was found in libsoup. The HTTP/2 server in libsoup may not fully validate the values of pseudo-headers :scheme, :authority, and :path, which may allow a user to cause a denial of service (DoS).
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-115 - Misinterpretation of Input
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:7505 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-32908 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2359343 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libsoup/-/issues/429 | |
| https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libsoup/-/merge_re… |
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Affected:
0 , < 3.6.5
(semver)
|
|||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
Unaffected:
0:3.6.5-3.el10_0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.0 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
Date Public
2025-04-14 00:00
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CVE-2025-25069 (GCVE-0-2025-25069)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-07 12:46 – Updated: 2025-02-13 21:21
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Kvrocks: Cross-Protocol Scripting Vulnerability
Summary
A Cross-Protocol Scripting vulnerability is found in Apache Kvrocks.
Since Kvrocks didn't detect if "Host:" or "POST" appears in RESP requests,
a valid HTTP request can also be sent to Kvrocks as a valid RESP request
and trigger some database operations, which can be dangerous when
it is chained with SSRF.
It is similiar to CVE-2016-10517 in Redis.
This issue affects Apache Kvrocks: from the initial version to the latest version 2.11.0.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 2.11.1, which fixes the issue.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-115 - Misinterpretation of Input
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2016-10517 | related |
| https://lists.apache.org/thread/gbxv9gpsskmdzg6z4… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Kvrocks |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.11.0
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-5826 (GCVE-0-2025-5826)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-25 18:00 – Updated: 2025-06-26 13:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Autel MaxiCharger AC Wallbox Commercial ble_process_esp32_msg Misinterpretation of Input Vulnerability
Summary
Autel MaxiCharger AC Wallbox Commercial ble_process_esp32_msg Misinterpretation of Input Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to inject arbitrary AT commands on affected installations of Autel MaxiCharger AC Wallbox Commercial charging stations. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the ble_process_esp32_msg function. The issue results from misinterpretation of input data. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute AT commands in the context of the device. Was ZDI-CAN-26368.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-115 - Misinterpretation of Input
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-… | x_research-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autel | Autel MaxiCharger AC Wallbox Commercial |
Affected:
1.36.00
|
Date Public
2025-06-11 17:27
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CVE-2025-5747 (GCVE-0-2025-5747)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-06-06 15:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WOLFBOX Level 2 EV Charger MCU Command Parsing Misinterpretation of Input Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
WOLFBOX Level 2 EV Charger MCU Command Parsing Misinterpretation of Input Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installatons of WOLFBOX Level 2 EV Charger devices. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of command frames received by the MCU. When parsing frames, the process does not properly detect the start of a frame, which can lead to misinterpretation of input. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the device. Was ZDI-CAN-26501.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-115 - Misinterpretation of Input
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-… | x_research-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WOLFBOX | Level 2 EV Charger |
Affected:
3.1.17 (main), 1.2.6 (MCU)
|
Date Public
2025-06-06 15:28
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No mitigation information available for this CWE.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.