Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-88
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs a string for a command to be executed by a separate component in another control sphere, but it does not properly delimit the intended arguments, options, or switches within that command string.
616 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-78678 (GCVE-0-2026-78678)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-25 01:30 – Updated: 2026-08-25 01:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GitPython before 3.1.59 Arbitrary File Read via Repo.blame()
Summary
GitPython versions before 3.1.59 contain an incomplete denylist in the unsafe_git_revision_options guard that omits --contents and -S options, allowing attackers to read arbitrary files by passing these options to Repo.blame(). Attackers can supply revision values like --contents=/etc/passwd to leak file contents through the blame result returned to the caller.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitpython-be… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gitpython-developers | GitPython |
Affected:
0 , < 3.1.59
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.1.59 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:gitpython_project:gitpython:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-08-10 00:00
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CVE-2026-78676 (GCVE-0-2026-78676)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-25 01:30 – Updated: 2026-08-25 01:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GitPython before 3.1.59 Remote Code Execution via Config Injection
Summary
GitPython before 3.1.59 fails to safely re-serialize multi-line git-config values during write operations, corrupting dormant quoted values into injected directives like core.hooksPath. Attackers can craft config files with embedded newlines that become live git directives after any unrelated GitPython config write, enabling arbitrary code execution via hook invocation.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitpython-be… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gitpython-developers | GitPython |
Affected:
0 , < 3.1.59
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.1.59 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:gitpython_project:gitpython:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-08-10 00:00
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CVE-2026-78637 (GCVE-0-2026-78637)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-25 04:45 – Updated: 2026-08-25 04:45 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Fdawgs node-poppler Argument Injection index.js pdfUnite argument injection
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in Fdawgs node-poppler up to 9.1.2/10.0.1. The impacted element is the function pdfInfo/pdfToText/pdfToCairo/pdfToPpm/pdfImages/pdfToHtml/pdfToPs/pdfFonts/pdfDetach/pdfAttach/pdfSeparate/pdfUnite of the file src/index.js of the component Argument Injection Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument file_path results in argument injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The patch is named db6e3f79d3beb20601be7e59669c39811ae3c330. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.
Severity
Assigner
References
8 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/394864 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/394864/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-78637 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/886399 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/Fdawgs/node-poppler/issues/822 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/Fdawgs/node-poppler/pull/842 | issue-trackingpatch |
| https://github.com/Fdawgs/node-poppler/commit/db6… | patch |
| https://github.com/Fdawgs/node-poppler/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fdawgs | node-poppler |
Affected:
9.1.0
Affected: 9.1.1 Affected: 9.1.2 Affected: 10.0.0 Affected: 10.0.1 cpe:2.3:a:fdawgs:node-poppler:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-76220 (GCVE-0-2026-76220)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 14:02 – Updated: 2026-08-20 18:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GitPython before 3.1.58 Command Execution via split_single_char_options
Summary
GitPython before 3.1.58 contains a command execution vulnerability in the check_unsafe_options guard that can be bypassed by combining a single-character kwarg with split_single_char_options=False. Attackers can supply a crafted kwargs dictionary to guarded methods like clone_from to emit a joined token parsed as --upload-pack, enabling arbitrary OS command execution at default allow_unsafe_options=False.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 03:56 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitpython-be… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gitpython-developers | GitPython |
Affected:
0 , < 3.1.58
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.1.58 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:gitpython_project:gitpython:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-08-04 00:00
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CVE-2026-76219 (GCVE-0-2026-76219)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 14:02 – Updated: 2026-08-20 15:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GitPython before 3.1.58 Arbitrary File Overwrite via read-tree
Summary
GitPython versions before 3.1.58 contain an arbitrary file overwrite vulnerability in IndexFile.from_tree, IndexFile.reset, and IndexFile.merge_tree methods that append caller-influenced treeish strings to git read-tree without option validation or argument separation. Attackers can inject the --index-output option to overwrite arbitrary files with a valid git-index blob, destroying existing file content at attacker-controlled writable paths.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 13:47 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitpython-be… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gitpython-developers | GitPython |
Affected:
0 , < 3.1.58
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.1.58 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:gitpython_project:gitpython:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-08-04 00:00
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CVE-2026-76218 (GCVE-0-2026-76218)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 14:02 – Updated: 2026-08-20 18:39
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GitPython before 3.1.58 Remote Code Execution via Repo.init
Summary
GitPython before 3.1.58 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in Repo.init that forwards unsafe git options without validation. Attackers can supply a template parameter pointing to a directory with malicious git hooks that execute arbitrary code when git operations are performed on the initialized repository.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 03:56 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitpython-be… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gitpython-developers | GitPython |
Affected:
0 , < 3.1.58
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.1.58 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:gitpython_project:gitpython:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-08-04 00:00
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CVE-2026-76212 (GCVE-0-2026-76212)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 14:01 – Updated: 2026-08-25 01:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
phpMyFAQ before 4.1.7 LIKE Wildcard Injection via PostgreSQL
Summary
phpMyFAQ before 4.1.7, when configured to use PostgreSQL via the native pgsql PHP extension, declares an incorrect LIKE ESCAPE character ('=') in the Search/Database/Pgsql.php backend while escapeLikeWildcards() escapes user input with the '|' prefix. As a result, wildcard escaping is a no-op and user-supplied % and _ characters remain active LIKE wildcards. An unauthenticated attacker can submit such characters in the public FAQ search form to force maximally broad pattern matches and expensive sequential scans, resulting in a denial of service. The PDO PostgreSQL backend is not affected, and quotes remain escaped so this does not enable quote-breaking SQL injection or data exfiltration.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-25 01:54 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/thorsten/phpMyFAQ/security/adv… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/phpmyfaq-bef… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-04 00:00
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CVE-2026-75912 (GCVE-0-2026-75912)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 15:22 – Updated: 2026-08-19 14:38
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CodeWhale before 0.8.64 Argument Injection via git_blame
Summary
CodeWhale versions before 0.8.64 contain an argument injection vulnerability in the git_blame tool that allows attackers to read arbitrary files by injecting git options into the unvalidated rev parameter. Attackers can supply rev values like --contents=/path/to/file to exfiltrate sensitive files such as SSH keys and credentials through the tool output returned to the model.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 14:38 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Hmbown/CodeWhale/security/advi… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/Hmbown/CodeWhale/commit/9a34b5… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/codewhale-be… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-16 00:00
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CVE-2026-73682 (GCVE-0-2026-73682)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-14 21:06 – Updated: 2026-08-19 14:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
This CVE ID has been rejected or withdrawn by its CVE Numbering Authority. CVE-2026-73294 published by GitHub
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CVE-2026-73624 (GCVE-0-2026-73624)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 11:28 – Updated: 2026-08-14 16:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GitPython before 3.1.54 Arbitrary File Overwrite via diff
Summary
GitPython versions before 3.1.54 contain an arbitrary file overwrite vulnerability in the Diffable.diff method that fails to validate git options passed through kwargs. Attackers can supply the --output argument via the other parameter or output kwarg to write patch content to attacker-chosen file paths at process privilege level.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-13 15:04 UTC
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitpython-be… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gitpython-developers | GitPython |
Affected:
0 , < 3.1.54
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.1.54 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:gitpython_project:gitpython:*:*:*:*:*:python:*:* |
Date Public
2026-07-22 00:00
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Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Parameterization
Where possible, avoid building a single string that contains the command and its arguments. Some languages or frameworks have functions that support specifying independent arguments, e.g. as an array, which is used to automatically perform the appropriate quoting or escaping while building the command. For example, in PHP, escapeshellarg() can be used to escape a single argument to system(), or exec() can be called with an array of arguments. In C, code can often be refactored from using system() - which accepts a single string - to using exec(), which requires separate function arguments for each parameter.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Input Validation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your product: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, request headers as well as content, URL components, e-mail, files, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Perform input validation at well-defined interfaces.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Implementation
Directly convert your input type into the expected data type, such as using a conversion function that translates a string into a number. After converting to the expected data type, ensure that the input's values fall within the expected range of allowable values and that multi-field consistencies are maintained.
Mitigation
Implementation
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
- Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
Mitigation
Implementation
When exchanging data between components, ensure that both components are using the same character encoding. Ensure that the proper encoding is applied at each interface. Explicitly set the encoding you are using whenever the protocol allows you to do so.
Mitigation
Implementation
When your application combines data from multiple sources, perform the validation after the sources have been combined. The individual data elements may pass the validation step but violate the intended restrictions after they have been combined.
Mitigation
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
CAPEC-137: Parameter Injection
An adversary manipulates the content of request parameters for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some parameter encodings use text characters as separators. For example, parameters in a HTTP GET message are encoded as name-value pairs separated by an ampersand (&). If an attacker can supply text strings that are used to fill in these parameters, then they can inject special characters used in the encoding scheme to add or modify parameters. For example, if user input is fed directly into an HTTP GET request and the user provides the value "myInput&new_param=myValue", then the input parameter is set to myInput, but a new parameter (new_param) is also added with a value of myValue. This can significantly change the meaning of the query that is processed by the server. Any encoding scheme where parameters are identified and separated by text characters is potentially vulnerable to this attack - the HTTP GET encoding used above is just one example.
CAPEC-174: Flash Parameter Injection
An adversary takes advantage of improper data validation to inject malicious global parameters into a Flash file embedded within an HTML document. Flash files can leverage user-submitted data to configure the Flash document and access the embedding HTML document.
CAPEC-41: Using Meta-characters in E-mail Headers to Inject Malicious Payloads
This type of attack involves an attacker leveraging meta-characters in email headers to inject improper behavior into email programs. Email software has become increasingly sophisticated and feature-rich. In addition, email applications are ubiquitous and connected directly to the Web making them ideal targets to launch and propagate attacks. As the user demand for new functionality in email applications grows, they become more like browsers with complex rendering and plug in routines. As more email functionality is included and abstracted from the user, this creates opportunities for attackers. Virtually all email applications do not list email header information by default, however the email header contains valuable attacker vectors for the attacker to exploit particularly if the behavior of the email client application is known. Meta-characters are hidden from the user, but can contain scripts, enumerations, probes, and other attacks against the user's system.
CAPEC-460: HTTP Parameter Pollution (HPP)
An adversary adds duplicate HTTP GET/POST parameters by injecting query string delimiters. Via HPP it may be possible to override existing hardcoded HTTP parameters, modify the application behaviors, access and, potentially exploit, uncontrollable variables, and bypass input validation checkpoints and WAF rules.
CAPEC-88: OS Command Injection
In this type of an attack, an adversary injects operating system commands into existing application functions. An application that uses untrusted input to build command strings is vulnerable. An adversary can leverage OS command injection in an application to elevate privileges, execute arbitrary commands and compromise the underlying operating system.