Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-494
AllowedDownload of Code Without Integrity Check
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product downloads source code or an executable from a remote location and executes the code without sufficiently verifying the origin and integrity of the code.
291 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-3428 (GCVE-0-2026-3428)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-16 02:02 – Updated: 2026-04-16 12:31
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A Download of Code Without Integrity Check vulnerability in the update modules in ASUS Member Center(华硕大厅) allows a local user to achieve privilege escalation to Administrator via exploitation of a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOC-TOU) during the update process, where an unexpected payload is substituted for a legitimate one immediately after download, and subsequently executed with administrative privileges upon user consent.
Refer to the 'Security Update for ASUS Member Center' section on the ASUS Security Advisory for more information.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.asus.com/security-advisory/ | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASUS | Member Center(华硕大厅) |
Affected:
1.6.6.4 and earlier
|
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CVE-2026-3000 (GCVE-0-2026-3000)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-02 06:03 – Updated: 2026-03-02 14:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Changing｜IDExpert Windows Logon Agent - Remote Code Execution
Summary
IDExpert Windows Logon Agent developed by Changing has a Remote Code Execution vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to force the system to download arbitrary DLL files from a remote source and execute them.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-494 - Download of Code Without Integrity Check
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10740-b2eb2-1.html | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10741-daed4-2.html | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.changingtec.com/news_detail.jsp?item_id=348 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Changing | IDExpert Windows Logon Agent |
Affected:
2.7.3.230719 , ≤ 2.8.4.250925
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-03-02 06:01
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CVE-2026-2999 (GCVE-0-2026-2999)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-02 05:59 – Updated: 2026-03-02 14:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Changing｜IDExpert Windows Logon Agent - Remote Code Execution
Summary
IDExpert Windows Logon Agent developed by Changing has a Remote Code Execution vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to force the system to download arbitrary executable files from a remote source and execute them.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-494 - Download of Code Without Integrity Check
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10740-b2eb2-1.html | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10741-daed4-2.html | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.changingtec.com/news_detail.jsp?item_id=348 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Changing | IDExpert Windows Logon Agent |
Affected:
2.7.3.230719 , ≤ 2.8.4.250925
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-03-02 03:39
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CVE-2026-1878 (GCVE-0-2026-1878)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-12 02:02 – Updated: 2026-03-13 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An Insufficient Integrity Verification vulnerability in the ASUS ROG peripheral driver installation process allows privilege escalation to SYSTEM. The vulnerability is due to improper access control on the installation directory, which enables the exploitation of a race condition where the legitimate installer is substituted with an unexpected payload immediately after download, resulting in arbitrary code execution. Refer to the "Security Update for ASUS ROG peripheral driver" section on the ASUS Security Advisory for more information.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-494 - Download of Code Without Integrity Check
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASUS | Driver( Keyboard & Mouse ) |
Affected:
0 , < 1.0.66.0
(custom)
|
|
| ASUS | Driver( Headset ) |
Affected:
0 , < 1.0.12.0
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-69263 (GCVE-0-2025-69263)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-07 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pnpm Lockfile Integrity Bypass Allows Remote Dynamic Dependencies
Summary
pnpm is a package manager. Versions 10.26.2 and below store HTTP tarball dependencies (and git-hosted tarballs) in the lockfile without integrity hashes. This allows the remote server to serve different content on each install, even when a lockfile is committed. An attacker who publishes a package with an HTTP tarball dependency can serve different code to different users or CI/CD environments. The attack requires the victim to install a package that has an HTTP/git tarball in its dependency tree. The victim's lockfile provides no protection. This issue is fixed in version 10.26.0.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-494 - Download of Code Without Integrity Check
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/security/advisories/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/commit/0958027f88a99… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-69263 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2427703 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| pnpm | pnpm |
Affected:
< 10.26.0
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
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CVE-2025-68109 (GCVE-0-2025-68109)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-17 21:29 – Updated: 2025-12-18 15:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ChurchCRM vulnerable to RCE with database restore functionality
Summary
ChurchCRM is an open-source church management system. In versions prior to 6.5.3, the Database Restore functionality does not validate the content or file extension of uploaded files. As a result, an attacker can upload a web shell file and subsequently upload a .htaccess file to enable direct access to it. Once accessed, the uploaded web shell allows remote code execution (RCE) on the server. Version 6.5.3 fixes the issue.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
- CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
- CWE-494 - Download of Code Without Integrity Check
- CWE-552 - Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties
- CWE-915 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Dynamically-Determined Object Attributes
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ChurchCRM/CRM/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2025-66334 (GCVE-0-2025-66334)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-08 08:23 – Updated: 2025-12-08 14:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Denial of service (DoS) vulnerability in the office service. Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-494 - Download of Code Without Integrity Check
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-66333 (GCVE-0-2025-66333)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-08 08:18 – Updated: 2025-12-08 14:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Denial of service (DoS) vulnerability in the office service. Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-494 - Download of Code Without Integrity Check
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-66332 (GCVE-0-2025-66332)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-08 08:13 – Updated: 2025-12-08 14:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Denial of service (DoS) vulnerability in the office service. Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-494 - Download of Code Without Integrity Check
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-66331 (GCVE-0-2025-66331)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-08 08:12 – Updated: 2025-12-08 14:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Denial of service (DoS) vulnerability in the office service. Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-494 - Download of Code Without Integrity Check
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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Mitigation MIT-42
Implementation
Perform proper forward and reverse DNS lookups to detect DNS spoofing.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Operation
- Encrypt the code with a reliable encryption scheme before transmitting.
- This will only be a partial solution, since it will not detect DNS spoofing and it will not prevent your code from being modified on the hosting site.
Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- Speficially, it may be helpful to use tools or frameworks to perform integrity checking on the transmitted code.
- When providing the code that is to be downloaded, such as for automatic updates of the software, then use cryptographic signatures for the code and modify the download clients to verify the signatures. Ensure that the implementation does not contain CWE-295, CWE-320, CWE-347, and related weaknesses.
- Use code signing technologies such as Authenticode. See references [REF-454] [REF-455] [REF-456].
Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation MIT-22
Architecture and Design
Operation
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-184: Software Integrity Attack
An attacker initiates a series of events designed to cause a user, program, server, or device to perform actions which undermine the integrity of software code, device data structures, or device firmware, achieving the modification of the target's integrity to achieve an insecure state.
CAPEC-185: Malicious Software Download
An attacker uses deceptive methods to cause a user or an automated process to download and install dangerous code that originates from an attacker controlled source. There are several variations to this strategy of attack.
CAPEC-186: Malicious Software Update
An adversary uses deceptive methods to cause a user or an automated process to download and install dangerous code believed to be a valid update that originates from an adversary controlled source.
CAPEC-187: Malicious Automated Software Update via Redirection
An attacker exploits two layers of weaknesses in server or client software for automated update mechanisms to undermine the integrity of the target code-base. The first weakness involves a failure to properly authenticate a server as a source of update or patch content. This type of weakness typically results from authentication mechanisms which can be defeated, allowing a hostile server to satisfy the criteria that establish a trust relationship. The second weakness is a systemic failure to validate the identity and integrity of code downloaded from a remote location, hence the inability to distinguish malicious code from a legitimate update.
CAPEC-533: Malicious Manual Software Update
An attacker introduces malicious code to the victim's system by altering the payload of a software update, allowing for additional compromise or site disruption at the victim location. These manual, or user-assisted attacks, vary from requiring the user to download and run an executable, to as streamlined as tricking the user to click a URL. Attacks which aim at penetrating a specific network infrastructure often rely upon secondary attack methods to achieve the desired impact. Spamming, for example, is a common method employed as an secondary attack vector. Thus the attacker has in their arsenal a choice of initial attack vectors ranging from traditional SMTP/POP/IMAP spamming and its varieties, to web-application mechanisms which commonly implement both chat and rich HTML messaging within the user interface.
CAPEC-538: Open-Source Library Manipulation
Adversaries implant malicious code in open source software (OSS) libraries to have it widely distributed, as OSS is commonly downloaded by developers and other users to incorporate into software development projects. The adversary can have a particular system in mind to target, or the implantation can be the first stage of follow-on attacks on many systems.
CAPEC-657: Malicious Automated Software Update via Spoofing
An attackers uses identify or content spoofing to trick a client into performing an automated software update from a malicious source. A malicious automated software update that leverages spoofing can include content or identity spoofing as well as protocol spoofing. Content or identity spoofing attacks can trigger updates in software by embedding scripted mechanisms within a malicious web page, which masquerades as a legitimate update source. Scripting mechanisms communicate with software components and trigger updates from locations specified by the attackers' server. The result is the client believing there is a legitimate software update available but instead downloading a malicious update from the attacker.
CAPEC-662: Adversary in the Browser (AiTB)
An adversary exploits security vulnerabilities or inherent functionalities of a web browser, in order to manipulate traffic between two endpoints.
CAPEC-691: Spoof Open-Source Software Metadata
An adversary spoofs open-source software metadata in an attempt to masquerade malicious software as popular, maintained, and trusted.
CAPEC-692: Spoof Version Control System Commit Metadata
An adversary spoofs metadata pertaining to a Version Control System (VCS) (e.g., Git) repository's commits to deceive users into believing that the maliciously provided software is frequently maintained and originates from a trusted source.
CAPEC-693: StarJacking
An adversary spoofs software popularity metadata to deceive users into believing that a maliciously provided package is widely used and originates from a trusted source.
CAPEC-695: Repo Jacking
An adversary takes advantage of the redirect property of directly linked Version Control System (VCS) repositories to trick users into incorporating malicious code into their applications.