Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-693
DiscouragedProtection Mechanism Failure
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Draft
The product does not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.
1256 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-92962 (GCVE-0-2026-92962)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 13:46 – Updated: 2026-09-17 15:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
vm2 before 3.11.4 Defense Invariant Violation via setup-sandbox.js
Summary
vm2 is a sandbox for running untrusted JavaScript. In vm2 versions up to and including 3.11.3, the defaultSandboxPrepareStackTrace function in lib/setup-sandbox.js builds its output array using prototype-walking index assignment (lines[lines.length] = value) rather than a prototype-bypassing define-property primitive. Because this bridge-internal array is allocated in the sandbox realm, code inside the sandbox can install an accessor on Array.prototype for the relevant index; the accessor is then invoked whenever the sandbox reads error.stack (or otherwise triggers Error.prepareStackTrace), allowing sandbox code to observe and intercept each stack-trace line written by the bridge. The same pattern is used in the error-handling (catch) branch. The values written are formatted strings only, so the practical impact is limited to an information side channel and a violation of vm2's bridge-container defense invariant rather than a sandbox escape; the vendor rates the issue Low. The issue is fixed in vm2 3.11.4, which installs each entry as an own data property via Reflect.defineProperty.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 15:39 UTC
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-before-3… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| patriksimek | vm2 |
Affected:
0 , < 3.11.4
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.11.4 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-05-18 00:00
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CVE-2026-92959 (GCVE-0-2026-92959)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 13:46 – Updated: 2026-09-17 13:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
vm2 before 3.11.8 allowAsync Bypass via Promise Thenable
Summary
vm2 before 3.11.8 does not fully enforce the allowAsync: false option in VM and NodeVM. While localPromise.prototype.then is replaced with a handler that throws 'Async not available', the sandbox's Promise static methods (Promise.resolve, Promise.all, Promise.race, Promise.any, and Promise.allSettled) still assimilate attacker-supplied thenables: native promise resolution performs PromiseResolveThenableJob and invokes the sandboxed code's then method in a microtask without passing through the patched then, so the async restriction is never applied. As a result, sandboxed script can schedule work that runs after VM.run() or NodeVM.run() has returned and outside the configured timeout, continuing to execute after the host believes execution is complete.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-before-3… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| patriksimek | vm2 |
Affected:
0 , < 3.11.8
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.11.8 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-08-27 00:00
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CVE-2026-92956 (GCVE-0-2026-92956)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 13:46 – Updated: 2026-09-17 13:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
vm2 3.10.1 through 3.11.6 Sandbox Escape via WebAssembly.compileStreaming
Summary
vm2 versions 3.10.1 through 3.11.6 contain a sandbox escape reachable from a default `new VM()` sandbox when running on Node.js 26. WebAssembly.compileStreaming and WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming can produce a raw host-realm Promise that rejects with a host-realm error object; by controlling Symbol.species via Promise.prototype.finally, sandbox code receives that raw host error, walks from the host error constructor to the host Function constructor, and recovers the real host `process` object, gaining host Node.js capabilities (e.g. access to host modules such as fs) in the context of the process running the sandbox. No NodeVM, require permission, host object injection, or otherwise unsafe configuration is required. This is a bypass of the fix for GHSA-6j2x-vhqr-qr7q, which removed the JSPI entry points WebAssembly.promising and WebAssembly.Suspending. The issue is fixed in 3.11.7.
Severity
10 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-3.10.1-t… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| patriksimek | vm2 |
Affected:
3.10.1 , < 3.11.7
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.11.7 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-08-24 00:00
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CVE-2026-92948 (GCVE-0-2026-92948)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 13:46 – Updated: 2026-09-17 13:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
vm2 3.9.6 through 3.11.5 Sandbox Escape via node:test
Summary
vm2 versions >= 3.9.6 and <= 3.11.6 are affected by a NodeVM builtin allowlist bypass that permits a sandbox escape on Node.js 24 and newer when the embedder explicitly allows the node:test builtin (e.g. require: { builtin: ['node:test'] }). On Node.js 24+, module.builtinModules exposes the scheme-only key node:test, which is not covered by vm2's family-based DANGEROUS_BUILTINS protection, so it is stored in the generic host-passthrough loader. Because requireImpl() in lib/setup-node-sandbox.js strips a single 'node:' prefix before the builtin lookup, sandbox code calling require('node:node:test') resolves to the stored node:test key and receives a readonly proxy to the host module. Calls to node:test.run() are forwarded to the host implementation, which spawns a separate Node process for process-isolated test execution and passes through attacker-controlled execArgv values; supplying --eval=<JavaScript> therefore executes arbitrary JavaScript in an unrestricted host Node process outside the NodeVM sandbox. Fixed in vm2 3.11.7.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-3.9.6-th… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| patriksimek | vm2 |
Affected:
3.9.6 , < 3.11.7
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.11.7 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-08-24 00:00
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CVE-2026-92944 (GCVE-0-2026-92944)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 13:46 – Updated: 2026-09-17 13:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
vm2 3.10.2 through 3.11.6 Sandbox Escape via Promise Protector
Summary
vm2 versions 3.10.2 through 3.11.6 contain a sandbox escape vulnerability on Node.js 26 where Promise.prototype.finally() bypasses vm2's wrapper protections due to a stale PromiseThenLookupChain protector in V8 14.6. Attackers can exploit this by creating an async function that returns a Promise with an attacker-controlled constructor Symbol.species, allowing them to reach the host Function constructor and process object for arbitrary code execution.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/7b26e81… | patch |
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/4635ddd… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-3.10.2-t… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| patriksimek | vm2 |
Affected:
3.10.2 , < 3.11.7
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.11.7 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-08-24 00:00
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CVE-2026-92938 (GCVE-0-2026-92938)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 13:46 – Updated: 2026-09-17 13:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
vm2 3.11.3 through 3.11.6 Remote Code Execution via node:sqlite
Summary
vm2 versions 3.11.3 through 3.11.6 expose Node.js's host node:sqlite module to code running in NodeVM when that builtin is permitted, either explicitly or through builtin: ['*']. The module is wrapped with vm.readonly(), which prevents property assignment but leaves host-authority callables reachable; in addition, the resolver treats any request starting with 'node:' as a core-module request and the runtime strips only one 'node:' prefix, so a sandbox request for 'node:node:sqlite' resolves to the configured node:sqlite entry. Sandboxed code can therefore create an in-memory DatabaseSync with extension loading enabled and call DatabaseSync.loadExtension() on a native library bundled in the untrusted plugin package (path derived from __dirname). SQLite loads the library into the Node.js host process and invokes its native entry point, giving the sandboxed plugin arbitrary native code execution outside the sandbox with the host process's privileges. The issue is fixed in vm2 3.11.7.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-3.11.3-t… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| patriksimek | vm2 |
Affected:
3.11.3 , < 3.11.7
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.11.7 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-08-24 00:00
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CVE-2026-92934 (GCVE-0-2026-92934)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 13:46 – Updated: 2026-09-17 14:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
vm2 before 3.11.8 Sandbox Escape RCE via AggregateError
Summary
vm2 before 3.11.8 contains an incomplete fix for Error.cause sanitization that allows sandbox escape when revisited host-wrapped AggregateError objects are caught within a single exception handler traversal. Attackers can exploit cycle detection bypass in handleException to access unsanitized host proxies embedded in the errors array, enabling full remote code execution and process information disclosure from the sandbox.
Severity
9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 14:26 UTC
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-before-3… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| patriksimek | vm2 |
Affected:
0 , < 3.11.8
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.11.8 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-08-27 00:00
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CVE-2026-92778 (GCVE-0-2026-92778)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 20:32 – Updated: 2026-09-17 13:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CMAK through 3.0.0.6 Feature Gate Bypass via HTML Form Routes
Summary
CMAK through 3.0.0.6 fails to apply the scheduled leader election feature toggle to HTML form routes, allowing attackers to bypass the feature gate. Attackers can access the form endpoints to start and stop the recurring election scheduler, disrupting leadership across managed Kafka clusters.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 13:49 UTC
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/yahoo/CMAK/issues/936 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/yahoo/CMAK | product |
| https://github.com/yahoo/CMAK/blob/3.0.0.6/app/co… | technical-description |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/cmak-through… | third-party-advisory |
Date Public
2026-07-18 00:00
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CVE-2026-91949 (GCVE-0-2026-91949)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-15 15:18 – Updated: 2026-09-15 15:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FreeRDP 3.0.0 through 3.30.0 Protocol Negotiation Bypass
Summary
FreeRDP server versions before 3.31.0 contain a protocol negotiation bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to establish RDSTLS connections despite server policy disabling them. Attackers can send incompatible protocol requests, receive negotiation failures, then complete TLS handshake and enter RDSTLS to bypass pre-authentication transport restrictions.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freerdp-3.0.… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-09-01 00:00
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CVE-2026-90957 (GCVE-0-2026-90957)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-14 13:03 – Updated: 2026-09-14 13:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
MISP: Stored XSS via Inline-Served SVG Organisation Logos and Report Pictures
Summary
Affected versions of MISP serve uploaded SVG images inline without a restrictive browser sandbox.
The commit explains that SVG files are XML documents rather than passive bitmap images. While scripts inside SVG do not execute when the SVG is rendered through a normal <img>, they can execute when the SVG is navigated to directly or embedded as a document. In that case, malicious <script> elements, event handlers, or javascript: URLs execute on the MISP origin with the viewer’s session.
The affected use cases include:
- organisation SVG logos;
- event-report SVG pictures.
Importantly, the vulnerable behavior is on the serve path, not merely the upload path: the patch notes that a malicious SVG uploaded while SVG support was enabled could remain dangerous even after uploads were later disabled.
Version affected: ≤2.5.45
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-14 13:58 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/86496aecc | patch |
GCVE extensions
AI-generated
Confidence: high
Model
qwen3.8:27b
advisory
bcp-05-x-01bcp-05-x-02
AI involvement
GCVE-BCP-05-X-01
Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.
ai-computer-assisted:llm-generatedai-computer-assisted:classification
| Model | Source | Identifier |
|---|---|---|
| qwen3.8:27b | ollama | qwen3.8:27b |
Patch provenance
GCVE-BCP-05-X-02
- Generator
-
patch2vuln.pyon 2026-09-14 12:47 - Model
qwen3.8:27b- Input
-
https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/86496aecc.patch
e2053fbcffe3… - Confidence
- high
| Commit | Subject | Patch SHA-256 |
|---|---|---|
86496aecc355
|
fix: [security] Sandbox inline-served SVG images | e2053fbcffe3… |
Fix summary
A new sandboxInlineFile() method is added to RestResponseComponent. When a file is served inline (download=false) and its type is SVG (svg, svgz, or image/svg+xml), the response is augmented with a Content-Security-Policy header containing the sandbox directive (which assigns an opaque origin and disables script execution, plugins, and form submission) along with restrictive default-src, style-src, img-src, and font-src directives that still permit rendering of inline styles, embedded raster images, and data: fonts. An X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff header is also set. The method is invoked from both the generic sendFile() path and the org-logo endpoint. The enable_svg_logos setting description is updated to warn administrators that SVG files remain XML documents and should be left disabled unless required.
Patch summary
Adds RestResponseComponent::sandboxInlineFile(CakeResponse, string) which checks the file type against a whitelist of SVG identifiers (svg, svgz, image/svg+xml, case-insensitive) and, on match, sets Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'none'; style-src 'unsafe-inline'; img-src 'self' data:; font-src data:; frame-ancestors 'self'; sandbox and X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff. Calls this method from sendFile() when download is false, and from OrganisationsController::getOrgLogo() after the file response is built. Updates the enable_svg_logos setting description in Server.php to reflect the sandboxing behaviour and advise leaving the setting disabled. Adds a new PHPUnit test file RestResponseSandboxInlineFileTest.php with cases covering SVG extension, MIME type, svgz, case-insensitivity, and confirmation that raster types (png, jpg, jpeg, gif, webp) and null/empty types receive no headers.
CVSS rationale
AV:N: The malicious SVG is delivered over HTTP/HTTPS to the victim's browser. AC:L: No race conditions or special network conditions are required; the SVG is already stored and served by the application. AT:N: No specific attack requirements beyond the SVG being present in the MISP instance. PR:L: The attacker needs an authenticated MISP account with permission to upload an organisation logo or attach a report picture. UI:P: The victim must navigate to the SVG URL or have it loaded in an <object>/<iframe> context; it does not execute when rendered via <img>. VC/VI/VA:N: The MISP server itself is not compromised; the impact is on the client-side session. SC:H: The attacker gains full read access to the victim's MISP session (threat intelligence, events, users, settings). SI:H: The attacker can perform write operations (create/modify/delete events, change settings) as the victim. SA:N: No availability impact on the victim's browser or the MISP instance.
Weakness rationale
- CWE-79 The core issue is that user-supplied SVG content (an XML document capable of embedding script) is served inline on the application origin without any mechanism to prevent script execution, resulting in stored XSS. The fix neutralises the script-execution capability via a sandboxing CSP.
- CWE-693 The upload-time restriction (enable_svg_logos) was the only protection, and it was insufficient because (a) it could be toggled off after files were already stored, and (b) it did not address the serve path at all. The serve path lacked its own protection mechanism (sandboxing CSP), which is what the patch adds.
Assumptions to verify
- The enable_svg_logos setting must be enabled (or was previously enabled and SVG files were uploaded) for the vulnerability to be exploitable; the default value is false.
- The attacker requires an authenticated MISP account with sufficient privileges to upload an organisation logo or attach a report picture.
- The victim must be an authenticated MISP user whose session is active in the browser when the SVG is loaded as a document.
- The fix is included in MISP v2.5.46 based on the tag boundary metadata (186 commits after the fix commit up to that tag); the exact version in which the vulnerability was introduced is not specified in the patch.
- CVSS UI:P assumes the primary exploitation path requires the victim to navigate to the SVG URL or have it embedded in an object/iframe; if an attacker can embed the SVG in a page the victim is already viewing without additional interaction, UI:N would apply.
Model comparison
Selected qwen3.8:27b
by deterministic-consensus-v1
The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required.
| Model | Score | Agreement | Confidence | Assumptions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
qwen3.8:27b |
6 | 9 | high | 5 |
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"cvssRationale": "AV:N: The malicious SVG is delivered over HTTP/HTTPS to the victim\u0027s browser. AC:L: No race conditions or special network conditions are required; the SVG is already stored and served by the application. AT:N: No specific attack requirements beyond the SVG being present in the MISP instance. PR:L: The attacker needs an authenticated MISP account with permission to upload an organisation logo or attach a report picture. UI:P: The victim must navigate to the SVG URL or have it loaded in an \u003cobject\u003e/\u003ciframe\u003e context; it does not execute when rendered via \u003cimg\u003e. VC/VI/VA:N: The MISP server itself is not compromised; the impact is on the client-side session. SC:H: The attacker gains full read access to the victim\u0027s MISP session (threat intelligence, events, users, settings). SI:H: The attacker can perform write operations (create/modify/delete events, change settings) as the victim. SA:N: No availability impact on the victim\u0027s browser or the MISP instance.",
"draft": false,
"fixSummary": "A new sandboxInlineFile() method is added to RestResponseComponent. When a file is served inline (download=false) and its type is SVG (svg, svgz, or image/svg+xml), the response is augmented with a Content-Security-Policy header containing the sandbox directive (which assigns an opaque origin and disables script execution, plugins, and form submission) along with restrictive default-src, style-src, img-src, and font-src directives that still permit rendering of inline styles, embedded raster images, and data: fonts. An X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff header is also set. The method is invoked from both the generic sendFile() path and the org-logo endpoint. The enable_svg_logos setting description is updated to warn administrators that SVG files remain XML documents and should be left disabled unless required.",
"generatedAt": "2026-09-14T12:47:25.185745Z",
"generator": "patch2vuln.py",
"model": "qwen3.8:27b",
"modelComparison": {
"rankings": [
{
"agreementScore": 9,
"assumptionCount": 5,
"confidence": "high",
"model": "qwen3.8:27b",
"score": 6
}
],
"selectedModel": "qwen3.8:27b",
"selectionMethod": "deterministic-consensus-v1",
"selectionNotice": "The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required."
},
"patchSha256": "e2053fbcffe3476b10ba07239b8772c7760ad987e4574c0bff75f68f8cc05c98",
"patchSummary": "Adds RestResponseComponent::sandboxInlineFile(CakeResponse, string) which checks the file type against a whitelist of SVG identifiers (svg, svgz, image/svg+xml, case-insensitive) and, on match, sets Content-Security-Policy: default-src \u0027none\u0027; style-src \u0027unsafe-inline\u0027; img-src \u0027self\u0027 data:; font-src data:; frame-ancestors \u0027self\u0027; sandbox and X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff. Calls this method from sendFile() when download is false, and from OrganisationsController::getOrgLogo() after the file response is built. Updates the enable_svg_logos setting description in Server.php to reflect the sandboxing behaviour and advise leaving the setting disabled. Adds a new PHPUnit test file RestResponseSandboxInlineFileTest.php with cases covering SVG extension, MIME type, svgz, case-insensitivity, and confirmation that raster types (png, jpg, jpeg, gif, webp) and null/empty types receive no headers.",
"patchTruncated": false,
"patches": [
{
"commit": "86496aecc35565c121820b8e60eac9508a516eb3",
"patchSha256": "e2053fbcffe3476b10ba07239b8772c7760ad987e4574c0bff75f68f8cc05c98",
"source": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/86496aecc.patch",
"sourceUrl": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/86496aecc.patch",
"subject": "fix: [security] Sandbox inline-served SVG images"
}
],
"source": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/86496aecc.patch",
"subject": "fix: [security] Sandbox inline-served SVG images",
"tagVersionBoundary": {
"commits_after_fix": 186,
"repository": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP",
"tag": "v2.5.46",
"version": "2.5.46",
"version_type": "semver"
},
"weaknessRationale": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-79",
"rationale": "The core issue is that user-supplied SVG content (an XML document capable of embedding script) is served inline on the application origin without any mechanism to prevent script execution, resulting in stored XSS. The fix neutralises the script-execution capability via a sandboxing CSP."
},
{
"cweId": "CWE-693",
"rationale": "The upload-time restriction (enable_svg_logos) was the only protection, and it was insufficient because (a) it could be toggled off after files were already stored, and (b) it did not address the serve path at all. The serve path lacked its own protection mechanism (sandboxing CSP), which is what the patch adds."
}
]
}
}
},
"recordType": "advisory",
"vulnId": "GCVE-1-2026-20098"
}
]
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "5a6e4751-2f3f-4070-9419-94fb35b644e8",
"assignerShortName": "CIRCL",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-90957",
"datePublished": "2026-09-14T13:03:01.748Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-14T13:02:53.577Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-14T13:58:30.297Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.
CAPEC-107: Cross Site Tracing
Cross Site Tracing (XST) enables an adversary to steal the victim's session cookie and possibly other authentication credentials transmitted in the header of the HTTP request when the victim's browser communicates to a destination system's web server.
CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing
An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.
CAPEC-17: Using Malicious Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an adversary to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an adversary to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.
CAPEC-20: Encryption Brute Forcing
An attacker, armed with the cipher text and the encryption algorithm used, performs an exhaustive (brute force) search on the key space to determine the key that decrypts the cipher text to obtain the plaintext.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-237: Escaping a Sandbox by Calling Code in Another Language
The attacker may submit malicious code of another language to obtain access to privileges that were not intentionally exposed by the sandbox, thus escaping the sandbox. For instance, Java code cannot perform unsafe operations, such as modifying arbitrary memory locations, due to restrictions placed on it by the Byte code Verifier and the JVM. If allowed, Java code can call directly into native C code, which may perform unsafe operations, such as call system calls and modify arbitrary memory locations on their behalf. To provide isolation, Java does not grant untrusted code with unmediated access to native C code. Instead, the sandboxed code is typically allowed to call some subset of the pre-existing native code that is part of standard libraries.
CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality
An adversary searches for and invokes interfaces or functionality that the target system designers did not intend to be publicly available. If interfaces fail to authenticate requests, the attacker may be able to invoke functionality they are not authorized for.
CAPEC-477: Signature Spoofing by Mixing Signed and Unsigned Content
An attacker exploits the underlying complexity of a data structure that allows for both signed and unsigned content, to cause unsigned data to be processed as though it were signed data.
CAPEC-480: Escaping Virtualization
An adversary gains access to an application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by escaping the confines of a virtualized environment. The adversary is then able to access resources or execute unauthorized code within the host environment, generally with the privileges of the user running the virtualized process. Successfully executing an attack of this type is often the first step in executing more complex attacks.
CAPEC-51: Poison Web Service Registry
SOA and Web Services often use a registry to perform look up, get schema information, and metadata about services. A poisoned registry can redirect (think phishing for servers) the service requester to a malicious service provider, provide incorrect information in schema or metadata, and delete information about service provider interfaces.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction
This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.
CAPEC-65: Sniff Application Code
An adversary passively sniffs network communications and captures application code bound for an authorized client. Once obtained, they can use it as-is, or through reverse-engineering glean sensitive information or exploit the trust relationship between the client and server. Such code may belong to a dynamic update to the client, a patch being applied to a client component or any such interaction where the client is authorized to communicate with the server.
CAPEC-668: Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB)
An adversary can exploit a flaw in Bluetooth key negotiation allowing them to decrypt information sent between two devices communicating via Bluetooth. The adversary uses an Adversary in the Middle setup to modify packets sent between the two devices during the authentication process, specifically the entropy bits. Knowledge of the number of entropy bits will allow the attacker to easily decrypt information passing over the line of communication.
CAPEC-74: Manipulating State
The adversary modifies state information maintained by the target software or causes a state transition in hardware. If successful, the target will use this tainted state and execute in an unintended manner.
State management is an important function within a software application. User state maintained by the application can include usernames, payment information, browsing history as well as application-specific contents such as items in a shopping cart. Manipulating user state can be employed by an adversary to elevate privilege, conduct fraudulent transactions or otherwise modify the flow of the application to derive certain benefits.
If there is a hardware logic error in a finite state machine, the adversary can use this to put the system in an undefined state which could cause a denial of service or exposure of secure data.
CAPEC-87: Forceful Browsing
An attacker employs forceful browsing (direct URL entry) to access portions of a website that are otherwise unreachable. Usually, a front controller or similar design pattern is employed to protect access to portions of a web application. Forceful browsing enables an attacker to access information, perform privileged operations and otherwise reach sections of the web application that have been improperly protected.