Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
5960 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-53913 (GCVE-0-2026-53913)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-06 08:12 – Updated: 2026-07-07 12:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Camel Keycloak: KeycloakSecurityPolicy verifies the bearer access token only inside its role and permission checks, so in the default configuration the token is never verified and any non-null bearer value is accepted
Summary
Improper Authentication, Missing Authentication for Critical Function, Not Failing Securely ('Failing Open') vulnerability in Apache Camel Keycloak Component.
The KeycloakSecurityPolicy of camel-keycloak guards a route by running KeycloakSecurityProcessor.beforeProcess(), which performs three checks in sequence: it rejects a request that carries no access token, then - only if requiredRoles is non-empty - validates the roles, and - only if requiredPermissions is non-empty - validates the permissions. The actual cryptographic verification of the bearer access token (signature, issuer and expiry for a local JWT, or active-state and issuer for token introspection) is performed exclusively inside those role and permission checks. KeycloakSecurityPolicy defaults requiredRoles and requiredPermissions to empty - which is the documented 'Basic Setup' - so on a route configured that way the role and permission checks are skipped and the access token is therefore never verified. The token-presence check still rejects a missing token, but an invalid token is accepted: any non-null value in the Authorization: Bearer header - including an arbitrary string or a forged, unsigned JWT - passes the policy and the request reaches the protected route, with no signature, issuer or expiry check and no request to Keycloak. The token is read from the inbound request header because allowTokenFromHeader defaults to true. Because the normal reason to place a route behind this policy is that the route performs server-side work, the bypass results in unauthenticated access to that work; where the protected route forwards to a code-execution-capable producer, it can result in unauthenticated remote code execution. This defect is independent of CVE-2026-23552: that issue concerned the issuer claim and was fixed by adding a check inside the verification routine, but here the verification routine is not reached at all in the default configuration, so the defect remains.
This issue affects Apache Camel: from 4.15.0 before 4.18.3, from 4.19.0 before 4.21.0.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.21.0, which fixes the issue. If users are on the 4.18.x releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.18.3. For deployments that cannot upgrade immediately, configure a non-empty requiredRoles or requiredPermissions on every KeycloakSecurityPolicy so that the token-verification path is exercised, set allowTokenFromHeader to false where the token is not expected from the request header, or perform token verification at the framework layer ahead of the policy.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://camel.apache.org/security/CVE-2026-53913.html | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Camel Keycloak |
Affected:
4.15.0 , < 4.18.3
(semver)
Affected: 4.19.0 , < 4.21.0 (semver) |
Credits
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CVE-2026-53516 (GCVE-0-2026-53516)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-15 17:13 – Updated: 2026-07-15 17:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Better Auth: Account takeover via OAuth auto-link to unverified pre-registered email
Summary
Better Auth is an authentication and authorization library for TypeScript. Prior to 1.6.11, Better Auth's OAuth callback auto-link gate in handleOAuthUserInfo accepts implicit account linking when the OAuth provider asserts email_verified: true without requiring the local user row's emailVerified field to also be true, allowing an attacker who pre-registers a victim email through /sign-up/email to bind the victim's OAuth identity to the attacker's account. The same primitive affects one-tap, and emailAndPassword.requireEmailVerification: true does not mitigate the link-time verification change. This issue is fixed in version 1.6.11.
Severity
8.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/pull/9578 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/releas… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| better-auth | better-auth |
Affected:
< 1.6.11
|
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CVE-2026-53514 (GCVE-0-2026-53514)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-15 17:30 – Updated: 2026-07-15 17:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Better Auth: Unauthorized invitation acceptance via unverified email match in organization plugin
Summary
Better Auth is an authentication and authorization library for TypeScript. Prior to 1.6.11, and in 1.6.14 and later when invitation IDs can be obtained outside the invited mailbox and requireEmailVerificationOnInvitation: true is not enabled, the organization plugin's acceptInvitation, rejectInvitation, getInvitation, and listUserInvitations recipient endpoints use session.user.email and an invitation ID without sufficient verified-email ownership proof, allowing a user with an unverified session for the invited email address to accept an organization invitation after obtaining the invitation ID. This issue is fixed for the original default behavior in version 1.6.11, while 1.6.14 restored compatibility for built-in opaque invitation IDs and leaves affected configurations requiring secure options.
Severity
7.7 (High)
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/pull/9577 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/releas… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| better-auth | better-auth |
Affected:
< 1.6.11
|
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CVE-2026-53512 (GCVE-0-2026-53512)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-15 17:18 – Updated: 2026-07-15 17:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Better Auth: OAuth refresh-token replay via missing client authentication on oidc-provider and mcp plugins
Summary
Better Auth is an authentication and authorization library for TypeScript. Prior to 1.6.11, the legacy oidcProvider and mcp plugins expose OAuth token endpoints whose refresh_token grant authenticates only possession of the bound refreshToken row and matching client_id, without verifying the confidential client's client_secret, allowing an attacker with a valid refresh_token to mint access tokens and rotated refresh tokens through /api/auth/oauth2/token or /api/auth/mcp/token. The @better-auth/oauth-provider package is not affected. This issue is fixed in version 1.6.11.
Severity
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/pull/9576 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/releas… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| better-auth | better-auth |
Affected:
< 1.6.11
|
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CVE-2026-53483 (GCVE-0-2026-53483)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-07 12:57 – Updated: 2026-07-08 03:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain, versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.7, LTS2026 release version 8.6.1.0 through 8.6.1.10, LTS2025 release version 8.3.1.0 through 8.3.1.30, LTS2024 release versions 7.13.1.0 through 7.13.1.70 an improper authentication vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to unauthorized access. This is a critical severity vulnerability as it allows an attacker to take complete control of system; so Dell recommends customers to upgrade at the earliest opportunity.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/00048126… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dell | PowerProtect Data Domain |
Affected:
0 , < 8.8.0.0 or later
(semver)
Affected: 0 , < 8.6.1.20 or later (semver) Affected: 0 , < 8.3.1.40 or later (semver) Affected: 0 , < 7.13.1.80 or later (semver) |
Date Public
2026-07-02 06:30
Credits
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CVE-2026-52845 (GCVE-0-2026-52845)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-23 17:52 – Updated: 2026-07-15 00:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Caddy: FastCGI header normalization bypass in `forward_auth copy_headers`
Summary
Caddy is an extensible server platform that uses TLS by default. Prior to 2.11.4, forward_auth copy_headers deletes the exact client-supplied identity header before copying the trusted value from the auth gateway. But when the request later goes through php_fastcgi, Caddy normalizes HTTP headers into CGI variables by replacing - with _. This lets a client send an underscore alias that survives the forward_auth delete step but becomes the same PHP/FastCGI variable. Result: a remote client can inject or sometimes override identity/group headers trusted by PHP/FastCGI applications behind Caddy. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.11.4.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-52845 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2491907 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| caddyserver | caddy |
Affected:
< 2.11.4
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Hardened Images |
cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1 |
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CVE-2026-52830 (GCVE-0-2026-52830)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-02 20:39 – Updated: 2026-07-06 14:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
fast-mcp-telegram: Bearer token path traversal bypasses reserved Telegram session protection
Summary
fast-mcp-telegram is a Telegram MCP Server. Prior to 0.19.1, fast-mcp-telegram validates HTTP Bearer tokens by joining the raw token string into a session-file path. The verifier rejects the exact reserved token telegram, but it does not reject path separators or normalize the path before checking whether the session file exists. A remote HTTP client can therefore authenticate as the default legacy session with a token such as ../fast-mcp-telegram/telegram when the documented default session file ~/.config/fast-mcp-telegram/telegram.session exists. This bypasses the reserved session name control that is intended to prevent HTTP multi-user sessions from colliding with the default stdio or legacy account. With account-prefixed MCP tools enabled, the attacker still sees and calls the prefixed tools for the default account, so the prefix middleware does not stop the session selection bypass. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.19.1.
Severity
9.4 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://web.archive.org/web/20250926152207/https:… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-rxw2-pc8j-vxwm | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| leshchenko1979 | fast-mcp-telegram |
Affected:
< 0.19.1
|
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CVE-2026-50751 (GCVE-0-2026-50751)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-08 11:07 – Updated: 2026-06-10 13:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
User Authentication Bypass in VPN Remote Access and Mobile Access
Summary
A logic flow weakness in Remote Access and Mobile Access certificate validation in deprecated IKEv1 key exchange allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass user authentication and establish a remote access VPN connection without a valid user password.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-287 - Improper Authentication.
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://support.checkpoint.com/results/sk/sk185033 | |
| https://blog.checkpoint.com/security/check-point-… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit… | government-resource |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| checkpoint | Quantum Security Gateway |
Affected:
R82.10 with Jumbo Hotfix Take 19 or below
Affected: R82 with Jumbo Hotfix Take 103 or below Affected: R81.20 with Jumbo Hotfix Take 141 or below Affected: R81.10, R81, and R80.40 |
|
| checkpoint | Spark Firewalls |
Affected:
R80.20.X, R81.10.X, and R82.00.X
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CVE-2026-50623 (GCVE-0-2026-50623)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-12 08:52 – Updated: 2026-06-16 13:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache CXF: Authentication Bypass in OAuth2 TokenIntrospectionService
Summary
An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the OAuth2 TokenIntrospectionService in Apache CXF. Due to a missing 'throw' keyword in the security context check, the introspection endpoint (/services/oauth2/introspect) can be accessed by any unauthenticated network attacker. However note that this is a safeguard only in the case that someone forgot to enable authentication on the service. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.2.2 or 4.1.7, which fixes this issue.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache CXF |
Affected:
4.2.0 , < 4.2.2
(semver)
Affected: 0 , < 4.1.7 (semver) |
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CVE-2026-50559 (GCVE-0-2026-50559)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-19 20:26 – Updated: 2026-07-15 00:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Authentication/Authorization Bypass via Advanced Path Normalization Vulnerabilities
Summary
Quarkus is a Java framework for building cloud-native applications. Prior to versions 3.37.0, 3.36.3, 3.33.2.1, 3.33.3, 3.27.4.1, 3.27.5, and 3.20.6.2, Quarkus HTTP path-based authorization policies can be bypassed using encoded semicolons (%3B) to smuggle matrix parameters past the security layer, and using encoded slashes (%2F) or backslashes (%5C) to access protected static resources. This is a distinct issue from CVE-2026-39852, which addressed only literal semicolon stripping. Versions 3.37.0, 3.36.3, 3.33.2.1, 3.33.3, 3.27.4.1, 3.27.5, and 3.20.6.2 contain a patch.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
10 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/quarkusio/quarkus/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-50559 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2486959 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26586 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36820 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26194 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26018 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26017 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34608 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
18 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| quarkusio | quarkus |
Affected:
>= 3.36.0, < 3.36.3
Affected: >= 3.33.0, < 3.33.2.1 Affected: >= 3.27.0, < 3.27.4.1 Affected: < 3.20.6.2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Build of Apache Camel 3.33 for Quarkus 3.33.2.SP1 |
Unaffected:
vertx-http , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_quarkus:3.33 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Quarkus 3.20.6.SP2 |
Unaffected:
vertx-http , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:quarkus:3.20::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Quarkus 3.27.4.SP1 |
Unaffected:
vertx-http , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:quarkus:3.27::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Quarkus 3.33.2.SP1 |
Unaffected:
vertx-http , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:quarkus:3.33::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Streams for Apache Kafka 2.9.4 |
Unaffected:
vertx-http , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2.9::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.29 |
Unaffected:
1782989027 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.29::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Cryostat 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:cryostat:4 |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Serverless |
cpe:/a:redhat:serverless:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4 for Quarkus 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:camel_quarkus:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_hawtio:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apicurio_registry:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Debezium 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:debezium:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Build of Keycloak |
cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak: |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai |
|
| Red Hat | streams for Apache Kafka 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3 |
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.