{"@ID": "287", "@Name": "Improper Authentication", "@Abstraction": "Class", "@Structure": "Simple", "@Status": "Draft", "@Diagram": "/data/images/CWE-287-Diagram.png", "Description": "When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.", "Related_Weaknesses": {"Related_Weakness": [{"@Nature": "ChildOf", "@CWE_ID": "284", "@View_ID": "1000", "@Ordinal": "Primary"}, {"@Nature": "ChildOf", "@CWE_ID": "284", "@View_ID": "1340", "@Ordinal": "Primary"}]}, "Weakness_Ordinalities": {"Weakness_Ordinality": [{"Ordinality": "Primary"}, {"Ordinality": "Resultant"}]}, "Applicable_Platforms": {"Language": {"@Class": "Not Language-Specific", "@Prevalence": "Undetermined"}, "Operating_System": {"@Class": "Not OS-Specific", "@Prevalence": "Undetermined"}, "Technology": [{"@Class": "Not Technology-Specific", "@Prevalence": "Undetermined"}, {"@Class": "Web Based", "@Prevalence": "Undetermined"}, {"@Class": "ICS/OT", "@Prevalence": "Often"}]}, "Alternate_Terms": {"Alternate_Term": [{"Term": "authentification", "Description": "An alternate term is \"authentification\", which appears to be most commonly used by people from non-English-speaking countries."}, {"Term": "AuthN", "Description": "\"AuthN\" is typically used as an abbreviation of \"authentication\" within the web application security community. It is also distinct from \"AuthZ,\" which is an abbreviation of \"authorization.\" The use of \"Auth\" as an abbreviation is discouraged, since it could be used for either authentication or authorization."}, {"Term": "AuthC", "Description": "\"AuthC\" is used as an abbreviation of \"authentication,\" but it appears to used less frequently than \"AuthN.\""}]}, "Modes_Of_Introduction": {"Introduction": [{"Phase": "Architecture and Design"}, {"Phase": "Implementation", "Note": "REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic."}]}, "Likelihood_Of_Exploit": "High", "Common_Consequences": {"Consequence": {"Scope": ["Integrity", "Confidentiality", "Availability", "Access Control"], "Impact": ["Read Application Data", "Gain Privileges or Assume Identity", "Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands"], "Note": "This weakness can lead to the exposure of resources or functionality to unintended actors, possibly providing attackers with sensitive information or even execute arbitrary code."}}, "Detection_Methods": {"Detection_Method": [{"@Detection_Method_ID": "DM-6", "Method": "Automated Static Analysis", "Description": {"xhtml:p": ["Automated static analysis is useful for detecting certain types of authentication. A tool may be able to analyze related configuration files, such as .htaccess in Apache web servers, or detect the usage of commonly-used authentication libraries.", "Generally, automated static analysis tools have difficulty detecting custom authentication schemes. In addition, the software's design may include some functionality that is accessible to any user and does not require an established identity; an automated technique that detects the absence of authentication may report false positives."]}, "Effectiveness": "Limited"}, {"@Detection_Method_ID": "DM-7", "Method": "Manual Static Analysis", "Description": {"xhtml:p": ["This weakness can be detected using tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session.", "Manual static analysis is useful for evaluating the correctness of custom authentication mechanisms."]}, "Effectiveness": "High", "Effectiveness_Notes": "These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules."}, {"Method": "Manual Static Analysis - Binary or Bytecode", "Description": {"xhtml:p": "According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:", "xhtml:div": {"@style": "margin-left:1em;", "xhtml:div": "Cost effective for partial coverage:", "xhtml:ul": {"xhtml:li": "Binary / Bytecode disassembler - then use manual analysis for vulnerabilities & anomalies"}}}, "Effectiveness": "SOAR Partial"}, {"Method": "Dynamic Analysis with Automated Results Interpretation", "Description": {"xhtml:p": "According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:", "xhtml:div": {"@style": "margin-left:1em;", "xhtml:div": "Cost effective for partial coverage:", "xhtml:ul": {"xhtml:li": ["Web Application Scanner", "Web Services Scanner", "Database Scanners"]}}}, "Effectiveness": "SOAR Partial"}, {"Method": "Dynamic Analysis with Manual Results Interpretation", "Description": {"xhtml:p": "According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:", "xhtml:div": {"@style": "margin-left:1em;", "xhtml:div": "Cost effective for partial coverage:", "xhtml:ul": {"xhtml:li": ["Fuzz Tester", "Framework-based Fuzzer"]}}}, "Effectiveness": "SOAR Partial"}, {"Method": "Manual Static Analysis - Source Code", "Description": {"xhtml:p": "According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:", "xhtml:div": {"@style": "margin-left:1em;", "xhtml:div": "Cost effective for partial coverage:", "xhtml:ul": {"xhtml:li": "Manual Source Code Review (not inspections)"}}}, "Effectiveness": "SOAR Partial"}, {"Method": "Automated Static Analysis - Source Code", "Description": {"xhtml:p": "According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:", "xhtml:div": {"@style": "margin-left:1em;", "xhtml:div": "Cost effective for partial coverage:", "xhtml:ul": {"xhtml:li": ["Source code Weakness Analyzer", "Context-configured Source Code Weakness Analyzer"]}}}, "Effectiveness": "SOAR Partial"}, {"Method": "Automated Static Analysis", "Description": {"xhtml:p": "According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:", "xhtml:div": {"@style": "margin-left:1em;", "xhtml:div": "Cost effective for partial coverage:", "xhtml:ul": {"xhtml:li": "Configuration Checker"}}}, "Effectiveness": "SOAR Partial"}, {"Method": "Architecture or Design Review", "Description": {"xhtml:p": "According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:", "xhtml:div": {"@style": "margin-left:1em;", "xhtml:div": "Highly cost effective:", "xhtml:ul": {"xhtml:li": ["Inspection (IEEE 1028 standard) (can apply to requirements, design, source code, etc.)", "Formal Methods / Correct-By-Construction"]}}}, "Effectiveness": "High"}]}, "Potential_Mitigations": {"Mitigation": {"Phase": "Architecture and Design", "Strategy": "Libraries or Frameworks", "Description": "Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature."}}, "Demonstrative_Examples": {"Demonstrative_Example": [{"Intro_Text": "The following code intends to ensure that the user is already logged in. If not, the code performs authentication with the user-provided username and password. If successful, it sets the loggedin and user cookies to \"remember\" that the user has already logged in. Finally, the code performs administrator tasks if the logged-in user has the \"Administrator\" username, as recorded in the user cookie.", "Example_Code": [{"@Nature": "Bad", "@Language": "Perl", "xhtml:div": {"xhtml:br": [null, null, null, null], "xhtml:div": [{"@style": "margin-left:1em;", "xhtml:div": {"xhtml:div": [{"@style": "margin-left:1em;", "#text": "ExitError(\"Error: you need to log in first\");"}, {"@style": "margin-left:1em;", "xhtml:div": {"xhtml:br": [null, null], "xhtml:div": [{"@style": "margin-left:1em;", "xhtml:br": [null, null], "#text": "-name => 'loggedin',-value => 'true');"}, {"@style": "margin-left:1em;", "xhtml:br": [null, null], "#text": "-name => 'user',-value => $q->param('username'));"}], "#text": "# Set loggedin and user cookies.$q->cookie(\n                                 $q->cookie("}}], "xhtml:br": null, "#text": "if (! AuthenticateUser($q->param('username'), $q->param('password'))) {}else {}"}}, {"@style": "margin-left:1em;", "#text": "DoAdministratorTasks();"}], "#text": "my $q = new CGI;\n                     if ($q->cookie('loggedin') ne \"true\") {}\n                     if ($q->cookie('user') eq \"Administrator\") {}"}}, {"@Nature": "Attack", "xhtml:div": {"xhtml:br": [null, null, null, null], "#text": "GET /cgi-bin/vulnerable.cgi HTTP/1.1Cookie: user=AdministratorCookie: loggedin=true\n                     [body of request]"}}], "Body_Text": ["Unfortunately, this code can be bypassed. The attacker can set the cookies independently so that the code does not check the username and password. The attacker could do this with an HTTP request containing headers such as:", "By setting the loggedin cookie to \"true\", the attacker bypasses the entire authentication check. By using the \"Administrator\" value in the user cookie, the attacker also gains privileges to administer the software."]}, {"@Demonstrative_Example_ID": "DX-117", "Intro_Text": "In January 2009, an attacker was able to gain administrator access to a Twitter server because the server did not restrict the number of login attempts [REF-236]. The attacker targeted a member of Twitter's support team and was able to successfully guess the member's password using a brute force attack by guessing a large number of common words. After gaining access as the member of the support staff, the attacker used the administrator panel to gain access to 33 accounts that belonged to celebrities and politicians. Ultimately, fake Twitter messages were sent that appeared to come from the compromised accounts.", "References": {"Reference": [{"@External_Reference_ID": "REF-236"}, {"@External_Reference_ID": "REF-1479"}]}}, {"@Demonstrative_Example_ID": "DX-153", "Intro_Text": "In 2022, the OT:ICEFALL study examined products by 10 different Operational Technology (OT) vendors. The researchers reported 56 vulnerabilities and said that the products were \"insecure by design\" [REF-1283]. If exploited, these vulnerabilities often allowed adversaries to change how the products operated, ranging from denial of service to changing the code that the products executed. Since these products were often used in industries such as power, electrical, water, and others, there could even be safety implications.", "Body_Text": "Multiple vendors did not use any authentication or used client-side authentication for critical functionality in their OT products."}]}, "Observed_Examples": {"Observed_Example": [{"Reference": "CVE-2024-11680", "Description": "File-sharing PHP product does not check if user is logged in during requests for PHP library files under an includes/ directory, allowing configuration changes, code execution, and other impacts.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-11680"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2022-35248", "Description": "Chat application skips validation when Central Authentication Service\n\t\t\t (CAS) is enabled, effectively removing the second factor from\n\t\t\t two-factor authentication", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-35248"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2022-36436", "Description": "Python-based authentication proxy does not enforce password authentication during the initial handshake, allowing the client to bypass authentication by specifying a 'None' authentication type.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-36436"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2022-30034", "Description": "Chain: Web UI for a Python RPC framework does not use regex anchors to validate user login emails (CWE-777), potentially allowing bypass of OAuth (CWE-1390).", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-30034"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2022-29951", "Description": "TCP-based protocol in Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) has no authentication.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-29951"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2022-29952", "Description": "Condition Monitor uses a protocol that does not require authentication.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-29952"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2022-30313", "Description": "Safety Instrumented System uses proprietary TCP protocols with no authentication.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-30313"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2022-30317", "Description": "Distributed Control System (DCS) uses a protocol that has no authentication.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-30317"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2022-33139", "Description": "SCADA system only uses client-side authentication, allowing adversaries to impersonate other users.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-33139"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2021-3116", "Description": "Chain: Python-based HTTP Proxy server uses the wrong boolean operators (CWE-480) causing an  incorrect comparison (CWE-697) that identifies an authN failure if all three conditions are met instead of only one, allowing bypass of the proxy authentication (CWE-1390)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-3116"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2021-21972", "Description": "Chain: Cloud computing virtualization platform does not require authentication for upload of a tar format file (CWE-306), then uses .. path traversal sequences (CWE-23) in the file to access unexpected files, as exploited in the wild per CISA KEV.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-21972"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2021-37415", "Description": "IT management product does not perform authentication for some REST API requests, as exploited in the wild per CISA KEV.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-37415"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2021-35033", "Description": "Firmware for a WiFi router uses a hard-coded password for a BusyBox shell, allowing bypass of authentication through the UART port", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-35033"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2020-10263", "Description": "Bluetooth speaker does not require authentication for the debug functionality on the UART port, allowing root shell access", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-10263"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2020-13927", "Description": "Default setting in workflow management product allows all API requests without authentication, as exploited in the wild per CISA KEV.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-13927"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2021-35395", "Description": "Stack-based buffer overflows in SFK for wifi chipset used for IoT/embedded devices, as exploited in the wild per CISA KEV.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-35395"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2021-34523", "Description": "Mail server does not properly check an access token before executing a Powershell command, as exploited in the wild per CISA KEV.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-34523"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2020-12812", "Description": "Chain: user is not prompted for a second authentication factor (CWE-287) when changing the case of their username (CWE-178), as exploited in the wild per CISA KEV.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-12812"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2020-10148", "Description": "Authentication bypass by appending specific parameters and values to a URI, as exploited in the wild per CISA KEV.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-10148"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2020-0688", "Description": "Mail server does not generate a unique key during installation, as exploited in the wild per CISA KEV.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-0688"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2017-14623", "Description": "LDAP Go package allows authentication bypass using an empty password, causing an unauthenticated LDAP bind", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2017-14623"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2009-3421", "Description": "login script for guestbook allows bypassing authentication by setting a \"login_ok\" parameter to 1.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2009-3421"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2009-2382", "Description": "admin script allows authentication bypass by setting a cookie value to \"LOGGEDIN\".", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2009-2382"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2009-1048", "Description": "VOIP product allows authentication bypass using 127.0.0.1 in the Host header.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2009-1048"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2009-2213", "Description": "product uses default \"Allow\" action, instead of default deny, leading to authentication bypass.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2009-2213"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2009-2168", "Description": "chain: redirect without exit (CWE-698) leads to resultant authentication bypass.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2009-2168"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2009-3107", "Description": "product does not restrict access to a listening port for a critical service, allowing authentication to be bypassed.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2009-3107"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2009-1596", "Description": "product does not properly implement a security-related configuration setting, allowing authentication bypass.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2009-1596"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2009-2422", "Description": "authentication routine returns \"nil\" instead of \"false\" in some situations, allowing authentication bypass using an invalid username.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2009-2422"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2009-3232", "Description": "authentication update script does not properly handle when admin does not select any authentication modules, allowing authentication bypass.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2009-3232"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2009-3231", "Description": "use of LDAP authentication with anonymous binds causes empty password to result in successful authentication", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2009-3231"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2005-3435", "Description": "product authentication succeeds if user-provided MD5 hash matches the hash in its database; this can be subjected to replay attacks.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2005-3435"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2005-0408", "Description": "chain: product generates predictable MD5 hashes using a constant value combined with username, allowing authentication bypass.", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2005-0408"}]}, "Functional_Areas": {"Functional_Area": "Authentication"}, "Taxonomy_Mappings": {"Taxonomy_Mapping": [{"@Taxonomy_Name": "PLOVER", "Entry_Name": "Authentication Error"}, {"@Taxonomy_Name": "OWASP Top Ten 2007", "Entry_ID": "A7", "Entry_Name": "Broken Authentication and Session Management", "Mapping_Fit": "CWE More Specific"}, {"@Taxonomy_Name": "OWASP Top Ten 2004", "Entry_ID": "A3", "Entry_Name": "Broken Authentication and Session Management", "Mapping_Fit": "CWE More Specific"}, {"@Taxonomy_Name": "WASC", "Entry_ID": "1", "Entry_Name": "Insufficient Authentication"}, {"@Taxonomy_Name": "ISA/IEC 62443", "Entry_ID": "Part 3-3", "Entry_Name": "Req SR 1.1"}, {"@Taxonomy_Name": "ISA/IEC 62443", "Entry_ID": "Part 3-3", "Entry_Name": "Req SR 1.2"}, {"@Taxonomy_Name": "ISA/IEC 62443", "Entry_ID": "Part 4-2", "Entry_Name": "Req CR 1.1"}, {"@Taxonomy_Name": "ISA/IEC 62443", "Entry_ID": "Part 4-2", "Entry_Name": "Req CR 1.2"}]}, "Related_Attack_Patterns": {"Related_Attack_Pattern": [{"@CAPEC_ID": "114"}, {"@CAPEC_ID": "115"}, {"@CAPEC_ID": "151"}, {"@CAPEC_ID": "194"}, {"@CAPEC_ID": "22"}, {"@CAPEC_ID": "57"}, {"@CAPEC_ID": "593"}, {"@CAPEC_ID": "633"}, {"@CAPEC_ID": "650"}, {"@CAPEC_ID": "94"}]}, "References": {"Reference": [{"@External_Reference_ID": "REF-236"}, {"@External_Reference_ID": "REF-237"}, {"@External_Reference_ID": "REF-238"}, {"@External_Reference_ID": "REF-239"}, {"@External_Reference_ID": "REF-7", "@Section": "Chapter 4, \"Authentication\" Page 109"}, {"@External_Reference_ID": "REF-1283"}]}, "Mapping_Notes": {"Usage": "Discouraged", "Rationale": "This CWE entry might be misused when lower-level CWE entries are likely to be applicable. It is a level-1 Class (i.e., a child of a Pillar).", "Comments": "Consider children or descendants.", "Reasons": {"Reason": [{"@Type": "Frequent Misuse"}, {"@Type": "Abstraction"}]}, "Suggestions": {"Suggestion": [{"@CWE_ID": "1390", "@Comment": "Weak Authentication (or descendants)"}, {"@CWE_ID": "306", "@Comment": "Missing Authentication for Critical Function"}]}}, "Notes": {"Note": {"@Type": "Relationship", "#text": "This can be resultant from SQL injection vulnerabilities and other issues."}}, "Content_History": {"Submission": {"Submission_Name": "PLOVER", "Submission_Date": "2006-07-19", "Submission_Version": "Draft 3", "Submission_ReleaseDate": "2006-07-19"}, "Modification": [{"Modification_Name": "Eric Dalci", "Modification_Organization": "Cigital", "Modification_Date": "2008-07-01", "Modification_Version": "1.0", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2008-09-09", "Modification_Comment": "updated Time_of_Introduction"}, {"Modification_Organization": "Veracode", "Modification_Date": "2008-08-15", "Modification_Version": "1.0", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2008-09-09", "Modification_Comment": "Suggested OWASP Top Ten 2004 mapping"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2008-09-08", "Modification_Version": "1.0", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2008-09-09", "Modification_Comment": "updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences, Relationships, Relationship_Notes, Taxonomy_Mappings"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2008-10-14", "Modification_Version": "1.0.1", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2008-10-14", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2009-01-12", "Modification_Version": "1.2", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2009-01-12", "Modification_Comment": "updated Name"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2009-05-27", "Modification_Version": "1.4", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2009-05-27", "Modification_Comment": "updated Description, Related_Attack_Patterns"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2009-07-27", "Modification_Version": "1.5", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2009-07-27", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2009-10-29", "Modification_Version": "1.6", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2009-10-29", "Modification_Comment": "updated Common_Consequences, Observed_Examples"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2009-12-28", "Modification_Version": "1.7", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2009-12-28", "Modification_Comment": "updated Applicable_Platforms, Common_Consequences, Demonstrative_Examples, Detection_Factors, Likelihood_of_Exploit, References"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2010-02-16", "Modification_Version": "1.8", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2010-02-16", "Modification_Comment": "updated Alternate_Terms, Detection_Factors, Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2010-06-21", "Modification_Version": "1.9", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2010-06-21", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2011-03-29", "Modification_Version": "1.12", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2011-03-30", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2011-06-01", "Modification_Version": "1.13", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2011-06-01", "Modification_Comment": "updated Common_Consequences"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2012-05-11", "Modification_Version": "2.2", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2012-05-15", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2013-07-17", "Modification_Version": "2.5", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2013-07-17", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2014-02-18", "Modification_Version": "2.6", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2014-02-19", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2014-06-23", "Modification_Version": "2.7", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2014-06-23", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2014-07-30", "Modification_Version": "2.8", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2014-07-31", "Modification_Comment": "updated Detection_Factors, Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2015-12-07", "Modification_Version": "2.9", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2015-12-07", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2017-01-19", "Modification_Version": "2.10", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2017-01-19", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2017-05-03", "Modification_Version": "2.11", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2017-05-05", "Modification_Comment": "updated Related_Attack_Patterns, Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2017-11-08", "Modification_Version": "3.0", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2017-11-08", "Modification_Comment": "updated Demonstrative_Examples, Likelihood_of_Exploit, Modes_of_Introduction, References, Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2018-03-27", "Modification_Version": "3.1", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2018-03-27", "Modification_Comment": "updated References, Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2019-01-03", "Modification_Version": "3.2", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2019-01-03", "Modification_Comment": "updated Related_Attack_Patterns"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2019-06-20", "Modification_Version": "3.3", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2019-06-20", "Modification_Comment": "updated Demonstrative_Examples, Related_Attack_Patterns, Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2019-09-19", "Modification_Version": "3.4", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2019-09-19", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2020-02-24", "Modification_Version": "4.0", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2020-02-24", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2020-08-20", "Modification_Version": "4.2", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2020-08-20", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", 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"Modification_Comment": "updated Applicable_Platforms, Maintenance_Notes, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2026-01-21", "Modification_Version": "4.19.1", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2026-01-21", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2026-04-30", "Modification_Version": "4.20", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2026-04-30", "Modification_Comment": "updated Mapping_Notes"}], "Contribution": {"@Type": "Content", "Contribution_Name": "Abhi Balakrishnan", "Contribution_Date": "2024-02-29", "Contribution_Version": "4.15", "Contribution_ReleaseDate": "2024-07-16", "Contribution_Comment": "Provided diagram to improve CWE usability"}, "Previous_Entry_Name": [{"@Date": "2008-04-11", "#text": "Authentication Issues"}, {"@Date": "2009-01-12", "#text": "Insufficient Authentication"}]}}