Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-129

Allowed

Improper Validation of Array Index

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

The product uses untrusted input when calculating or using an array index, but the product does not validate or incorrectly validates the index to ensure the index references a valid position within the array.

861 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-109251 (GCVE-0-2026-109251)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-12 16:04 – Updated: 2026-10-12 16:04
VLAI
Title
FreeRDP before 3.32.0 Out-of-Bounds Write via MS-RDPEGT Video Geometry
Summary
FreeRDP before 3.32.0 stores the server-supplied signed MS-RDPEGT geometry origin unchecked in an unsigned video surface coordinate, so the blit clamp in gdiVideoShowSurface() wraps in 32-bit arithmetic and is skipped. A malicious RDP server can send a negative topLevelLeft to clients connecting with /video, causing an out-of-bounds write of decoded H.264 picture data or a client abort.
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 5681 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FreeRDP FreeRDP Affected: 0 , < 3.32.0 (semver)
Unaffected: 3.32.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-28 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-109250 (GCVE-0-2026-109250)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-12 16:04 – Updated: 2026-10-12 16:04
VLAI
Title
FreeRDP 3.0.0 before 3.32.0 Heap Buffer Overflow via PKCS#11 collect_keys()
Summary
FreeRDP 3.0.0 before 3.32.0 contains a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in collect_keys() that allows local attackers to write past the fixed 64-entry keys array during PKCS#11 key enumeration. Attackers controlling smartcard tokens can present more than 64 public key objects across multiple slots to corrupt heap memory with attacker-chosen CKA_ID and CKA_LABEL data during smartcard logon.
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 5681 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FreeRDP FreeRDP Affected: 3.0.0 , < 3.32.0 (semver)
Unaffected: 3.32.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-28 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107737 (GCVE-0-2026-107737)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-08 22:34 – Updated: 2026-10-08 22:34
VLAI
Title
SumatraPDF CHM `its://` signed index causes an out-of-bounds object lookup
Summary
SumatraPDF is a multi-format reader for Windows. In 3.6.1 and earlier, and in pre-release 3.7.0.20369 when WebView2 is absent or cannot initialize, ParseProtoUrl() accepts the signed host component of an its:// URL and FindHtmlWindowById() uses it directly as an index into gHtmlWindows. Opening a crafted CHM through the IE fallback backend with a negative or otherwise out-of-range window identifier can cause an out-of-bounds pointer read followed by an invalid object callback dereference and process termination. No fixed version is available as of this review.
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7552 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107325 (GCVE-0-2026-107325)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-08 19:01 – Updated: 2026-10-08 19:32
VLAI
Title
Application denial of service via missing BSON array length validation in MongoDB Go Driver
Summary
Improper validation of a BSON array length in the MongoDB Go Driver can cause an out-of-bounds index and runtime panic when an application calls bson.RawArray.Validate or bsoncore.Array.Validate on a malformed four-byte array. An unauthenticated actor who can supply raw BSON array data to an affected application may terminate an unprotected application process, causing a denial of service. No confidentiality or integrity impact has been identified.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 19:32 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
mongodb CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 70/100 over 199 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MongoDB Go Driver Affected: 1.1.0 , ≤ 1.17.10 (semver)
Affected: 2.0.0 , < 2.9.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107225 (GCVE-0-2026-107225)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 18:55 – Updated: 2026-10-10 02:42
VLAI
Title
Excelize: GetStyle panics on a negative fillId, borderId or fontId in styles.xml
Summary
Excelize is a Go language library for reading and writing Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. From 2.8.0 to 2.11.0, GetStyle's fill, border, and font extraction predicates check only upper bounds for attacker-controlled style-table indices. File.GetStyle relies on extractStyleCondFuncs predicates that allow negative FillID, BorderID, and FontID values to reach slice indexing. When a crafted styles.xml supplies a negative fillId, borderId, or fontId and the application reads the style, a negative identifier passes the upper-bound-only predicate and becomes a negative slice index, allowing an attacker to panic while reading cell styling. No fixed version is available as of this review.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-10 02:41 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7552 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
qax-os excelize Affected: >= 2.8.0, <= 2.11.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107222 (GCVE-0-2026-107222)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 18:45 – Updated: 2026-10-08 16:09
VLAI
Title
Excelize: GetConditionalFormats indexes conditional-formatting rule sub-elements with no length or nil check
Summary
Excelize is a Go language library for reading and writing Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. From 2.7.0 to 2.11.0, conditional-format extraction indexes required child slices or dereferences an optional colorScale child without validating malformed rule structure. GetConditionalFormats reaches extractCondFmtCellIs and also indexes ColorScale.Cfvo, DataBar.Cfvo, and DataBar.Color without complete structural checks. When a crafted worksheet supplies a cellIs, dataBar, or colorScale rule missing expected children and the application calls GetConditionalFormats, missing formula, color, value-object, or colorScale data reaches an out-of-range index or nil dereference, allowing an attacker to panic and terminate an unprotected process. No fixed version is available as of this review.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 16:09 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
  • CWE-476 - NULL Pointer Dereference
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7552 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
qax-os excelize Affected: >= 2.7.0, <= 2.11.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107220 (GCVE-0-2026-107220)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 18:37 – Updated: 2026-10-10 02:41
VLAI
Title
Excelize: Panic in cellInRange on a worksheet with an empty mergeCell ref
Summary
Excelize is a Go language library for reading and writing Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. From 2.7.1 to 2.11.0, mergeCellsParser leaves the cached rectangle empty for an empty mergeCell ref and then passes that empty slice to cellInRange without a length check. GetCellValue reaches mergeCellsParser, which passes an empty rectangle derived from the mergeCell ref attribute into cellInRange. When a crafted worksheet contains an empty mergeCell ref and a non-streaming cell API reads the worksheet, cellInRange indexes four positions in an empty slice, allowing an attacker to panic on the first affected cell operation. No fixed version is available as of this review.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-10 02:39 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7552 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
qax-os excelize Affected: >= 2.7.1, <= 2.11.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107218 (GCVE-0-2026-107218)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 18:29 – Updated: 2026-10-07 22:05
VLAI
Title
Excelize: RIGHT() on supplementary-plane text slices with a negative index and panics
Summary
Excelize is a Go language library for reading and writing Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. From 2.10.1 to 2.11.0, RIGHT validates the requested length with UTF-16 code-unit counts but slices a rune array using Unicode code-point counts. RIGHT reaches leftRight through CalcCellValue, where countUTF16String validates one unit but utf8.RuneCountInString supplies the slice index in another. When RIGHT evaluates supplementary-plane text with a requested character count between the rune count and UTF-16 code-unit count, the inconsistent units produce a negative rune-slice index, allowing an attacker to panic during formula evaluation. No fixed version is available as of this review.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 22:03 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7552 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
qax-os excelize Affected: >= 2.10.1, <= 2.11.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107217 (GCVE-0-2026-107217)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 18:26 – Updated: 2026-10-08 16:10
VLAI
Title
Excelize ColumnNameToNumber: int64 overflow yields an out-of-domain coordinate with nil error, causing negative slice index panic on r="0" rows
Summary
Excelize is a Go language library for reading and writing Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. From 2.0.0 to 2.11.0 in github.com/xuri/excelize/v2 and from 1.1.0 to 1.4.1 in github.com/xuri/excelize, ColumnNameToNumber accumulates a bijective base-26 value in int64 without detecting overflow, allowing an invalid long column name to wrap to zero with no error. ColumnNameToNumber accepts the overflowing name VGWQHXLSDVIKWV, after which checkSheetR0 and xlsxWorksheet.checkRow use the wrapped column value as an index. When a crafted worksheet uses an overflowing column name in a row normalized by checkSheetR0 or checkRow, the wrapped zero column becomes a negative slice index during worksheet normalization, allowing an attacker to panic and terminate the calling process. No fixed version is available as of this review.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 16:10 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-190 - Integer Overflow or Wraparound
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7552 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
qax-os excelize Affected: >= 2.0.0, <= 2.11.0
Affected: >= 1.1.0, <= 1.4.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107211 (GCVE-0-2026-107211)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 17:11 – Updated: 2026-10-07 19:03
VLAI
Title
Excelize: Unchecked pivot-cache field index in extractPivotTableFields causes unrecoverable panic
Summary
Excelize is a Go language library for reading and writing Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. From 2.8.1 to 2.11.0, separately parsed pivot-table field indices are used to index the pivot-cache field-name slice without bounds checks. extractPivotTableFields uses getPivotCacheFieldsName output while processing GetPivotTables and trusts the dataField fld attribute as an index. When a crafted workbook supplies a pivot-field count mismatch or an out-of-range dataField fld value before GetPivotTables is called, the unchecked index causes a Go slice-bounds panic that escapes the library, allowing an attacker to crash the process or request worker. No fixed version is available as of this review.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 19:03 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7552 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
qax-os excelize Affected: >= 2.8.1, <= 2.11.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation MIT-7
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Input Validation

Use an input validation framework such as Struts or the OWASP ESAPI Validation API. Note that using a framework does not automatically address all input validation problems; be mindful of weaknesses that could arise from misusing the framework itself (CWE-1173).

Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design
  • For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
  • Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, Ada allows the programmer to constrain the values of a variable and languages such as Java and Ruby will allow the programmer to handle exceptions when an out-of-bounds index is accessed.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When accessing a user-controlled array index, use a stringent range of values that are within the target array. Make sure that you do not allow negative values to be used. That is, verify the minimum as well as the maximum of the range of acceptable values.
Mitigation MIT-35
Implementation

Be especially careful to validate all input when invoking code that crosses language boundaries, such as from an interpreted language to native code. This could create an unexpected interaction between the language boundaries. Ensure that you are not violating any of the expectations of the language with which you are interfacing. For example, even though Java may not be susceptible to buffer overflows, providing a large argument in a call to native code might trigger an overflow.

Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation MIT-22
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

  • Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
  • OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers

Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.