Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-95
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete
The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes code syntax before using the input in a dynamic evaluation call (e.g. "eval").
262 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-6101 (GCVE-0-2025-6101)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-16 02:00 – Updated: 2025-06-17 14:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
letta-ai letta interface.py function_message eval injection
Summary
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in letta-ai letta up to 0.4.1. Affected is the function function_message of the file letta/letta/interface.py. The manipulation of the argument function_name/function_args leads to improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.312570 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.312570 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.590528 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/letta-ai/letta/issues/2613 | exploitissue-tracking |
Credits
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CVE-2025-4318 (GCVE-0-2025-4318)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-05 18:16 – Updated: 2026-01-28 19:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Input validation issue in AWS Amplify Studio UI component properties
Summary
The AWS Amplify Studio UI component property expressions in the aws-amplify/amplify-codegen-ui package lack input validation. This could potentially allow an authenticated user who has access to create or modify components to run arbitrary JavaScript code during the component rendering and build process.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
5 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon | Amplify Studio |
Affected:
0.1.0 , < 2.20.3
(semver)
|
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CVE-2025-3753 (GCVE-0-2025-3753)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-17 19:14 – Updated: 2025-07-18 08:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unsafe use of eval() method in rosbag tool
Summary
A code execution vulnerability has been identified in the Robot Operating System (ROS) 'rosbag' tool, affecting ROS distributions Noetic Ninjemys and earlier. The vulnerability arises from the use of the eval() function to process unsanitized, user-supplied input in the 'rosbag filter' command. This flaw enables attackers to craft and execute arbitrary Python code.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ros.org/blog/noetic-eol/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Open Source Robotics Foundation | Robot Operating System (ROS) |
Affected:
Noetic Ninjemys
Affected: Melodic Morenia Affected: Kinetic Kame Affected: Indigo Igloo |
Credits
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CVE-2025-0868 (GCVE-0-2025-0868)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-20 11:26 – Updated: 2025-10-03 08:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Remote Code Execution in DocsGPT
Summary
A vulnerability, that could result in Remote Code Execution (RCE), has been found in DocsGPT. Due to improper parsing of JSON data using eval() an unauthorized attacker could send arbitrary Python code to be executed via /api/remote endpoint..
This issue affects DocsGPT: from 0.8.1 through 0.12.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://cert.pl/en/posts/2025/02/CVE-2025-0868/ | third-party-advisory |
| https://cert.pl/posts/2025/02/CVE-2025-0868/ | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/arc53/DocsGPT | product |
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-02-20 11:00
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CVE-2024-45858 (GCVE-0-2024-45858)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-18 15:02 – Updated: 2024-09-18 17:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in versions 0.2.9 up to 0.5.10 of the Guardrails AI Guardrails framework because of the way it validates XML files. If a victim user loads a maliciously crafted XML file containing Python code, the code will be passed to an eval function, causing it to execute on the user's machine.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code (‘Eval Injection’)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Guardrails AI | guardrails |
Affected:
0.2.9 , < 0.5.10
(semver)
|
|
| guardrailsai | guardrails |
Affected:
0.2.9 , ≤ 0.5.10
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:guardrailsai:guardrails:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-45851 (GCVE-0-2024-45851)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-12 13:01 – Updated: 2024-09-12 17:15
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in versions 23.10.5.0 up to 24.7.4.1 of the MindsDB platform, when the Microsoft SharePoint integration is installed on the server. For databases created with the SharePoint engine, an ‘INSERT’ query can be used for list item creation. If such a query is specially crafted to contain Python code and is run against the database, the code will be passed to an eval function and executed on the server.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-45850 (GCVE-0-2024-45850)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-12 13:00 – Updated: 2024-09-12 17:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in versions 23.10.5.0 up to 24.7.4.1 of the MindsDB platform, when the Microsoft SharePoint integration is installed on the server. For databases created with the SharePoint engine, an ‘INSERT’ query can be used for site column creation. If such a query is specially crafted to contain Python code and is run against the database, the code will be passed to an eval function and executed on the server.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-45849 (GCVE-0-2024-45849)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-12 12:59 – Updated: 2024-09-12 14:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in versions 23.10.5.0 up to 24.7.4.1 of the MindsDB platform, when the Microsoft SharePoint integration is installed on the server. For databases created with the SharePoint engine, an ‘INSERT’ query can be used for list creation. If such a query is specially crafted to contain Python code and is run against the database, the code will be passed to an eval function and executed on the server.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-45848 (GCVE-0-2024-45848)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-12 12:58 – Updated: 2024-09-12 14:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in versions 23.12.4.0 up to 24.7.4.1 of the MindsDB platform, when the ChromaDB integration is installed on the server. If a specially crafted ‘INSERT’ query containing Python code is run against a database created with the ChromaDB engine, the code will be passed to an eval function and executed on the server.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-45847 (GCVE-0-2024-45847)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-12 12:57 – Updated: 2024-09-12 14:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in versions 23.11.4.2 up to 24.7.4.1 of the MindsDB platform, when one of several integrations is installed on the server. If a specially crafted ‘UPDATE’ query containing Python code is run against a database created with the specified integration engine, the code will be passed to an eval function and executed on the server.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Strategy: Refactoring
If possible, refactor your code so that it does not need to use eval() at all.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Implementation
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
- Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
Mitigation
Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.