Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Weakness Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

Dimensions

Behavior-Property: Missing
Behavior-Type: Authorization

Mapping guidance

This CWE entry is a Class and might have Base-level children that would be more appropriate

Examine children of this entry to see if there is a better fit

Relationships and members

ChildOf: CWE-285 · View CWE-1000

Behavior-Property: Improper

ChildOf: CWE-284 · View CWE-1340

Behavior-Property: Improper
Behavior-Type: Access Control

Modes of introduction

Architecture and Design

OMISSION: This weakness is caused by missing a security tactic during the architecture and design phase.

Authorization weaknesses may arise when a single-user application is ported to a multi-user environment.

Implementation

A developer may introduce authorization weaknesses because of a lack of understanding about the underlying technologies. For example, a developer may assume that attackers cannot modify certain inputs such as headers or cookies.

Operation

Detection methods

Automated Static Analysis

Automated static analysis is useful for detecting commonly-used idioms for authorization. A tool may be able to analyze related configuration files, such as .htaccess in Apache web servers, or detect the usage of commonly-used authorization libraries.

Generally, automated static analysis tools have difficulty detecting custom authorization schemes. In addition, the software's design may include some functionality that is accessible to any user and does not require an authorization check; an automated technique that detects the absence of authorization may report false positives.

Effectiveness: Limited

Automated Dynamic Analysis

Automated dynamic analysis may find many or all possible interfaces that do not require authorization, but manual analysis is required to determine if the lack of authorization violates business logic.

Manual Analysis

This weakness can be detected using tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session.

Specifically, manual static analysis is useful for evaluating the correctness of custom authorization mechanisms.

Effectiveness: Moderate

These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules. However, manual efforts might not achieve desired code coverage within limited time constraints.

Manual Static Analysis - Binary or Bytecode

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Binary / Bytecode disassembler - then use manual analysis for vulnerabilities & anomalies

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Dynamic Analysis with Automated Results Interpretation

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Web Application Scanner

Web Services Scanner

Database Scanners

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Dynamic Analysis with Manual Results Interpretation

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Host Application Interface Scanner

Fuzz Tester

Framework-based Fuzzer

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Manual Static Analysis - Source Code

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Focused Manual Spotcheck - Focused manual analysis of source

Manual Source Code Review (not inspections)

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Automated Static Analysis - Source Code

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Source code Weakness Analyzer

Context-configured Source Code Weakness Analyzer

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Architecture or Design Review

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Highly cost effective:

Inspection (IEEE 1028 standard) (can apply to requirements, design, source code, etc.)

Formal Methods / Correct-By-Construction

Effectiveness: High

Notes

Terminology

Assuming a user with a given identity, authorization is the process of determining whether that user can access a given resource, based on the user's privileges and any permissions or other access-control specifications that apply to the resource.

Content history

Submission: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-05-24 · CWE 1.13

Contribution: "Mapping CWE to 62443" Sub-Working Group · CWE-CAPEC ICS/OT SIG · 2023-04-25 · CWE 4.11

Suggested mappings to ISA/IEC 62443.

Contribution: Abhi Balakrishnan · 2024-02-29 · CWE 4.16

Provided diagram to improve CWE usability

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-27 · CWE 2.0

updated Demonstrative_Examples, Related_Attack_Patterns, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-09-13 · CWE 2.1

updated Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-05-11 · CWE 2.2

updated Demonstrative_Examples, Observed_Examples, References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-10-30 · CWE 2.3

updated Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-02-18 · CWE 2.6

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-07-30 · CWE 2.8

updated Detection_Factors

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2017-01-19 · CWE 2.10

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2017-11-08 · CWE 3.0

updated Applicable_Platforms, Modes_of_Introduction, References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2018-03-27 · CWE 3.1

updated References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2019-06-20 · CWE 3.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-02-24 · CWE 4.0

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-08-20 · CWE 4.2

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-12-10 · CWE 4.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-03-15 · CWE 4.4

updated Alternate_Terms, Observed_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-07-20 · CWE 4.5

updated Observed_Examples, Related_Attack_Patterns, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-10-28 · CWE 4.6

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2022-06-28 · CWE 4.8

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2022-10-13 · CWE 4.9

updated Observed_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-01-31 · CWE 4.10

updated Description, Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-04-27 · CWE 4.11

updated References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-06-29 · CWE 4.12

updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2024-11-19 · CWE 4.16

updated Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram, Relationships, Terminology_Notes

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-09-09 · CWE 4.18

updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, Observed_Examples, References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-12-11 · CWE 4.19

updated Applicable_Platforms, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-04-30 · CWE 4.20

updated Applicable_Platforms, Observed_Examples, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-10-28 · CWE 5.0

updated Applicable_Platforms, Dimensions, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

19853 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GCVE-1337-2026-000000000… (CVE-2026-105039)

Vulnerability from gna-1337 – Published: 2026-10-15 20:43 – Updated: 2026-10-15 20:43 Exclusively Hosted Service

Title

EnergizeLab Station Middleware Admin APIs Missing Role Checks

Summary

EnergizeLab station-middleware (NestJS) Docker images 1.6.5 through 1.8.2 do not check user roles on administrative APIs. Any authenticated low-privilege user can retrieve AI provider keys and change configuration and object-store contents.

Severity

9.6 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CNA · AHA (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-862 - Missing Authorization

Assigner

AHA! GNA GNA-1337

GNA scorecard C 73/100 over 11 records in the last 180 days details

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/xn0tsa/your-secrets-are-safe-with-me	technical-description
https://takeonme.org/gcves/GCVE-1337-2026-0000000…	third-party-advisory
https://www.theverge.com/tech/1010727/eiliko-robo…	media-coverage

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
EnergizeLab	station-middleware	Affected: 1.6.5 , ≤ 1.8.2 (semver)

Date Public

2026-10-15 12:00

Credits

Sammy Azdoufal todb of AHA!

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-124502 (GCVE-0-2026-124502)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 00:00 – Updated: 2026-11-09 00:00 X_Open Source

Title

yungifez Skuul School Management System Delete GraduationController.php resetGraduation authorization

Summary

A security vulnerability has been detected in yungifez Skuul School Management System up to 2.6.3. Affected by this vulnerability is the function GraduationController::resetGraduation of the file app/Http/Controllers/GraduationController.php of the component Delete Handler. Such manipulation of the argument student leads to missing authorization. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. Upgrading to version 3.0.0 addresses this issue. The name of the patch is b42f2c80a8e5e01ca6e607bbd97f137ede368ac9. The affected component should be upgraded.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

4.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

4.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

CWE

CWE-862 - Missing Authorization
CWE-863 - Incorrect Authorization

Assigner

VulDB CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 83/100 over 3801 records in the last 180 days details

References

8 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/432807	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/432807/cti	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-124502	third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/1034853	third-party-advisory
https://gist.github.com/mrvirus2006/94d6e1ed1d6cd…	exploit
https://github.com/yungifez/skuul/pull/433	issue-trackingpatch
https://github.com/yungifez/skuul/commit/b42f2c80…	patch
https://github.com/yungifez/skuul/releases/tag/v3.0.0	patch

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
yungifez	Skuul School Management System	Affected: 2.6.0 Affected: 2.6.1 Affected: 2.6.2 Affected: 2.6.3 Unaffected: 3.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:yungifez:skuul_school_management_system::::::::

Credits

Hussain Ahmed Hussain Ahmed (VulDB User) Hussain Ahmed (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-124488 (GCVE-0-2026-124488)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-08 13:16 – Updated: 2026-11-08 13:16

Title

OpenEMR before 8.3.0 Authorization Bypass via load_form.php High-Sensitivity Encounters

Summary

OpenEMR before 8.3.0 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows authenticated clinicians lacking high-sensitivity permission to read and modify encounter-bound forms via load_form.php. Attackers can request the Clinical Notes or Care Plan direct loader to obtain restricted content and a CSRF token, then submit save.php to tamper with clinical records.

Severity

8.6 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

8.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CWE

CWE-862 - Missing Authorization

Assigner

VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7605 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/openemr/openemr/security/advis…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openemr-befo…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
openemr	openemr	Affected: 0 , < 8.3.0 (semver) Unaffected: 8.3.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:open-emr:openemr::::::::

Date Public

2026-08-18 00:00

Credits

f3nrir77

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-124486 (GCVE-0-2026-124486)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-08 13:16 – Updated: 2026-11-08 13:16

Title

OpenEMR before 8.3.0 Missing Authorization in Classic Document Controller

Summary

OpenEMR before 8.3.0 contains a missing authorization vulnerability in the classic document controller that allows low-privilege authenticated users to recategorize other patients' documents. Attackers can invoke move_action_process to move a document into a patients|demo category, then retrieve it with an empty patient_id to exfiltrate PHI and tamper with charts.

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-862 - Missing Authorization

Assigner

VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7605 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/openemr/openemr/security/advis…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openemr-befo…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
openemr	openemr	Affected: 0 , < 8.3.0 (semver) Unaffected: 8.3.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:open-emr:openemr::::::::

Date Public

2026-08-18 00:00

Credits

christos-cantina-security

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-124484 (GCVE-0-2026-124484)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-08 13:16 – Updated: 2026-11-08 13:16

Title

OpenEMR before 8.4.0 Missing Authorization in Portal Onsite-Document APIs

Summary

OpenEMR before 8.4.0 contains a missing authorization vulnerability in portal onsite-document APIs that allows any authenticated core user to access cross-patient documents. Attackers can omit the patientId parameter and supply arbitrary record IDs to list, read, and overwrite other patients' portal documents, signatures, and template data.

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-862 - Missing Authorization

Assigner

VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7605 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/openemr/openemr/security/advis…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openemr-befo…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
openemr	openemr	Affected: 0 , < 8.4.0 (semver) Unaffected: 8.4.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:open-emr:openemr::::::::

Date Public

2026-09-13 00:00

Credits

christos-cantina-security L0stHeart

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
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CVE-2026-124480 (GCVE-0-2026-124480)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-08 13:16 – Updated: 2026-11-08 13:16

Title

OpenEMR before 8.4.0 Authorization Bypass via FHIR QuestionnaireResponse APICSRFTOKEN

Summary

OpenEMR before 8.4.0 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows low-privileged authenticated users to read cross-patient FHIR QuestionnaireResponse data by sending the APICSRFTOKEN header. Attackers can reuse the session-exposed api_csrf_token_js value to skip FHIR scope checks and call GET /fhir/QuestionnaireResponse, exfiltrating site-wide questionnaire answer PHI.

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-862 - Missing Authorization

Assigner

VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7605 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/openemr/openemr/security/advis…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openemr-befo…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
openemr	openemr	Affected: 0 , < 8.4.0 (semver) Unaffected: 8.4.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:open-emr:openemr::::::::

Date Public

2026-09-13 00:00

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
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        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
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CVE-2026-124478 (GCVE-0-2026-124478)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-08 13:15 – Updated: 2026-11-08 13:15

Title

OpenEMR before 8.3.0 Missing Authorization via addRecall in save.php

Summary

OpenEMR before 8.3.0 contains a missing authorization vulnerability in the addRecall action of /interface/main/messages/save.php that allows low-privileged authenticated users to modify arbitrary patients' recall data. Attackers can submit a crafted new_pid with recall, contact, provider, facility, and notification preference fields to overwrite records of patients they cannot access.

Severity

7.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

6.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

CWE

CWE-862 - Missing Authorization

Assigner

VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7605 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/openemr/openemr/security/advis…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openemr-befo…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
openemr	openemr	Affected: 0 , < 8.3.0 (semver) Unaffected: 8.3.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:open-emr:openemr::::::::

Date Public

2026-08-18 00:00

Credits

gyhuj-oct

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-124477 (GCVE-0-2026-124477)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-08 13:15 – Updated: 2026-11-08 13:15

Title

OpenEMR before 8.3.0 Missing Authorization via delete_Recall in save.php

Summary

OpenEMR before 8.3.0 contains a missing authorization vulnerability that allows low-privileged authenticated users to delete arbitrary patient recall records via the delete_Recall action. Attackers can send POST requests to /interface/main/messages/save.php with a target pid and r_ID to remove recall data without ACL or ownership checks.

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-862 - Missing Authorization

Assigner

VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7605 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/openemr/openemr/security/advis…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openemr-befo…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
openemr	openemr	Affected: 0 , < 8.3.0 (semver) Unaffected: 8.3.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:open-emr:openemr::::::::

Date Public

2026-08-18 00:00

Credits

gyhuj-oct

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-124472 (GCVE-0-2026-124472)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-08 13:15 – Updated: 2026-11-08 13:15

Title

OpenEMR before 8.3.0 Missing Authorization via sl_eob_patient_note.php

Summary

OpenEMR before 8.3.0 contains a missing authorization vulnerability in interface/billing/sl_eob_patient_note.php that allows any authenticated user to read and modify patient billing notes. Attackers with low-privilege accounts can enumerate the patient_id parameter and submit POST requests using the embedded CSRF token to view or tamper with confidential billing data.

Severity

8.6 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

8.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CWE

CWE-862 - Missing Authorization

Assigner

VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7605 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/openemr/openemr/security/advis…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openemr-befo…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
openemr	openemr	Affected: 0 , < 8.3.0 (semver) Unaffected: 8.3.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:open-emr:openemr::::::::

Date Public

2026-08-18 00:00

Credits

StarPlatinu

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-124461 (GCVE-0-2026-124461)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-08 13:15 – Updated: 2026-11-08 13:15

Title

OpenEMR before 8.3.0 IDOR via DICOM library/ajax/upload.php Endpoint

Summary

OpenEMR before 8.3.0 contains a missing authorization vulnerability in library/ajax/upload.php that allows any authenticated user to read and overwrite document data by supplying an arbitrary doc_id. Low-privilege users can enumerate doc_id values with the fetch and save actions to disclose patient health information and tamper with medical records across all patients.

Severity

8.6 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

8.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CWE

CWE-862 - Missing Authorization

Assigner

VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7605 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/openemr/openemr/security/advis…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openemr-befo…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
openemr	openemr	Affected: 0 , < 8.3.0 (semver) Unaffected: 8.3.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:open-emr:openemr::::::::

Date Public

2026-08-18 00:00

Credits

luuhung1217

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
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      "references": [
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          "name": "GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-7h7v-29jv-527v)",
          "tags": [
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          "url": "https://github.com/openemr/openemr/security/advisories/GHSA-7h7v-29jv-527v"
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        {
          "name": "VulnCheck Advisory: OpenEMR before 8.3.0 IDOR via DICOM library/ajax/upload.php Endpoint",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
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          "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openemr-before-8.3.0-idor-via-dicom-library-ajax-upload-php-endpoint"
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      "title": "OpenEMR before 8.3.0 IDOR via DICOM library/ajax/upload.php Endpoint",
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    "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-124461",
    "datePublished": "2026-11-08T13:15:48.546Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-11-08T02:15:45.476Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-11-08T13:15:48.546Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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Mitigation

Architecture and Design

Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.

Mitigation

Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4

Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].

Mitigation

Architecture and Design

For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.

Mitigation

System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.

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