Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-601

Allowed

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.

2304 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2025-64250 (GCVE-0-2025-64250)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-16 08:12 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:14
VLAI
Title
WordPress Directorist plugin <= 8.6.6 - Open Redirection vulnerability
Summary
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in wpWax Directorist directorist allows Phishing.This issue affects Directorist: from n/a through <= 8.6.6.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
wpWax Directorist Affected: 0 , ≤ 8.6.6 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-04-22 14:23
Credits
daroo | Patchstack Bug Bounty Program
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CVE-2025-64116 (GCVE-0-2025-64116)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-30 17:32 – Updated: 2025-10-31 16:50
VLAI
Title
Movary vulnerable to an open redirect
Summary
Movary is a web application to track, rate and explore your movie watch history. Prior to 0.69.0, the login page accepts a redirect parameter without validation, allowing attackers to redirect authenticated users to arbitrary external sites. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.69.0.
Severity
5.1 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
leepeuker movary Affected: < 0.69.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-64115 (GCVE-0-2025-64115)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-30 17:39 – Updated: 2025-10-30 19:06
VLAI
Title
Movary unvalidated Referer header allows open redirect and phishing
Summary
Movary is a web application to track, rate and explore your movie watch history. Versions up to and including 0.68.0 use the HTTP Referer header value directly for redirects in multiple settings endpoints, allowing a crafted link to cause an open redirect to an attacker-controlled site and facilitate phishing. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.69.0.
Severity
5.1 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
leepeuker movary Affected: < 0.69.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-64101 (GCVE-0-2025-64101)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-29 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-29 19:35
VLAI
Title
ZITADEL Vulnerable to Account Takeover via Malicious Forwarded Header Injection
Summary
Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. Prior to 4.6.0, 3.4.3, and 2.71.18, a potential vulnerability exists in ZITADEL's password reset mechanism. ZITADEL utilizes the Forwarded or X-Forwarded-Host header from incoming requests to construct the URL for the password reset confirmation link. This link, containing a secret code, is then emailed to the user. If an attacker can manipulate these headers (e.g., via host header injection), they could cause ZITADEL to generate a password reset link pointing to a malicious domain controlled by the attacker. If the user clicks this manipulated link in the email, the secret reset code embedded in the URL can be captured by the attacker. This captured code could then be used to reset the user's password and gain unauthorized access to their account. It's important to note that this specific attack vector is mitigated for accounts that have Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) or Passwordless authentication enabled. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.6.0, 3.4.3, and 2.71.18.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  • CWE-640 - Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
zitadel zitadel Affected: >= 4.0.0-rc.1, < 4.6.0
Affected: >= 3.0.0-rc.1, < 3.4.3
Affected: >= 2.0.0, < 2.71.18
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-62981 (GCVE-0-2025-62981)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-27 01:34 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:14
VLAI
Title
WordPress WP Gravity Forms Zoho CRM and Bigin plugin <= 1.2.8 - Open Redirection vulnerability
Summary
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in CRM Perks WP Gravity Forms Zoho CRM and Bigin gf-zoho allows Phishing.This issue affects WP Gravity Forms Zoho CRM and Bigin: from n/a through <= 1.2.8.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
CRM Perks WP Gravity Forms Zoho CRM and Bigin Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.2.8 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-04-22 14:25
Credits
Bonds | Patchstack Bug Bounty Program
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-62716 (GCVE-0-2025-62716)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-24 20:06 – Updated: 2025-10-24 20:28
VLAI
Title
Plane Vulnerable to Cross-Site Scripting via Open Redirect in ?next_path Parameter
Summary
Plane is open-source project management software. Prior to version 1.1.0, an open redirect vulnerability in the ?next_path query parameter allows attackers to supply arbitrary schemes (e.g., javascript:) that are passed directly to router.push. This results in a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability, enabling attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the victim’s browser. The issue can be exploited without authentication and has severe impact, including information disclosure, and privilege escalation and modifications of administrative settings. This issue has been patched in version 1.1.0.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
makeplane plane Affected: < 1.1.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-62690 (GCVE-0-2025-62690)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-17 12:19 – Updated: 2025-12-17 14:45
VLAI
Title
Open redirect in error page when link opened in new tab
Summary
Mattermost versions 10.11.x <= 10.11.4 fail to validate redirect URLs on the /error page, which allows an attacker to redirect a victim to a malicious site via a crafted link opened in a new tab.
Severity
3.1 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - CWE‑601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (“Open Redirect”)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Mattermost Mattermost Affected: 10.11.0 , ≤ 10.11.4 (semver)
Unaffected: 11.1.0
Unaffected: 10.11.5
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Mario Puente
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-62595 (GCVE-0-2025-62595)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-21 16:20 – Updated: 2025-10-21 16:35
VLAI
Title
Koa Vulnerable to Open Redirect via Trailing Double-Slash (//) in back Redirect Logic
Summary
Koa is expressive middleware for Node.js using ES2017 async functions. In versions 2.16.2 to before 2.16.3 and 3.0.1 to before 3.0.3, a bypass to CVE-2025-8129 was discovered in the Koa.js framework affecting its back redirect functionality. In certain circumstances, an attacker can manipulate the Referer header to force a user’s browser to navigate to an external, potentially malicious website. This occurs because the implementation incorrectly treats some specially crafted URLs as safe relative paths. Exploiting this vulnerability could allow attackers to perform phishing, social engineering, or other redirect-based attacks on users of affected applications. This issue has been patched in version 3.0.3.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
koajs koa Affected: >= 2.16.2, < 2.16.3
Affected: >= 3.0.1, < 3.0.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-62428 (GCVE-0-2025-62428)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-16 18:57 – Updated: 2025-10-17 14:28
VLAI
Title
Drawing-Captcha APP Host Header Injection in `/register` and `/confirm-email` Endpoints
Summary
Drawing-Captcha APP provides interactive, engaging verification for Web-Based Applications. The vulnerability is a Host Header Injection in the /register and /confirm-email endpoints. It allows an attacker to manipulate the Host header in HTTP requests to generate malicious email confirmation links. These links can redirect users to attacker-controlled domains. This vulnerability affects all users relying on email confirmation for account registration or verification. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.2.5-alpha-patch.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Drawing-Captcha Drawing-Captcha-APP Affected: < 1.2.5-alpha-patch
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CVE-2025-62407 (GCVE-0-2025-62407)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-16 17:39 – Updated: 2025-10-16 19:22
VLAI
Title
Frappe has an Open Redirect on Login Page
Summary
Frappe is a full-stack web application framework. Prior to 14.98.0 and 15.83.0, an open redirect was possible through the redirect argument on the login page, if a specific type of URL was passed in. This vulnerability is fixed in 14.98.0 and 15.83.0.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
frappe frappe Affected: >= 15.0.0, < 15.83.0
Affected: < 14.98.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.

Mitigation MIT-21.2
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
  • For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).

Mitigation MIT-6
Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

  • Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
  • Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing

An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.

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