Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-451
Allowed-with-ReviewUser Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The user interface (UI) does not properly represent critical information to the user, allowing the information - or its source - to be obscured or spoofed. This is often a component in phishing attacks.
378 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-26320 (GCVE-0-2026-26320)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-19 22:24 – Updated: 2026-02-20 15:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OpenClaw macOS deep link confirmation truncation can conceal executed agent message
Summary
OpenClaw is a personal AI assistant. OpenClaw macOS desktop client registers the `openclaw://` URL scheme. For `openclaw://agent` deep links without an unattended `key`, the app shows a confirmation dialog that previously displayed only the first 240 characters of the message, but executed the full message after the user clicked "Run." At the time of writing, the OpenClaw macOS desktop client is still in beta. In versions 2026.2.6 through 2026.2.13, an attacker could pad the message with whitespace to push a malicious payload outside the visible preview, increasing the chance a user approves a different message than the one that is actually executed. If a user runs the deep link, the agent may perform actions that can lead to arbitrary command execution depending on the user's configured tool approvals/allowlists. This is a social-engineering mediated vulnerability: the confirmation prompt could be made to misrepresent the executed message. The issue is fixed in 2026.2.14. Other mitigations include not approve unexpected "Run OpenClaw agent?" prompts triggered while browsing untrusted sites and usingunattended deep links only with a valid `key` for trusted personal automations.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-451 - User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/28d9d… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-21527 (GCVE-0-2026-21527)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-10 17:51 – Updated: 2026-05-11 21:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Exchange Server Spoofing Vulnerability
Summary
User interface (ui) misrepresentation of critical information in Microsoft Exchange Server allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Exchange Server 2016 Cumulative Update 23 |
Affected:
15.01.0.0 , < 15.01.2507.066
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Exchange Server 2019 Cumulative Update 14 |
Affected:
15.02.0.0 , < 15.02.1544.039
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Exchange Server 2019 Cumulative Update 15 |
Affected:
15.02.0.0 , < 15.02.1748.043
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Exchange Server Subscription Edition RTM |
Affected:
15.02.0.0 , < 15.02.2562.037
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-02-10 16:00
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CVE-2026-20732 (GCVE-0-2026-20732)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-04 15:02 – Updated: 2026-02-04 16:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
BIG-IP Configuration utility vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability exists in an undisclosed BIG-IP Configuration utility page that may allow an attacker to spoof error messages. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-451 - User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://my.f5.com/manage/s/article/K000156644 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-02-04 15:00
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CVE-2026-9106 (GCVE-0-2026-9106)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 20:21 – Updated: 2026-07-01 15:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
UI misrepresentation vulnerability in GitHub Enterprise Server allowed unauthorized organization runner management via undisclosed OAuth scope on consent screen
Summary
A UI misrepresentation vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed an OAuth application to gain unintended access to an organization's runner management. An attacker could exploit this by creating an OAuth application requesting the manage_runners:org scope and directing a victim user to authorize it, as the scope was not displayed on the authorization consent screen. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.22 and was fixed in versions 3.21.2, 3.20.4, 3.19.8, 3.18.11, 3.17.17, 3.16.20. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-451 - User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.17… | release-notes |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.18… | release-notes |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.19… | release-notes |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.20… | release-notes |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.21… | release-notes |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.16… | release-notes |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GitHub | Enterprise Server |
Affected:
3.17.0 , ≤ 3.17.16
(semver)
Affected: 3.18.0 , ≤ 3.18.10 (semver) Affected: 3.19.0 , ≤ 3.19.7 (semver) Affected: 3.20.0 , ≤ 3.20.3 (semver) Affected: 3.21.0 , ≤ 3.21.1 (semver) Affected: 3.16.0 , ≤ 3.16.19 (semver) |
Credits
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CVE-2026-1658 (GCVE-0-2026-1658)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-19 22:40 – Updated: 2026-03-02 15:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Content spoofing vulnerability discovered in OpenText™ Directory Services
Summary
User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information vulnerability in OpenText™ Directory Services allows Cache Poisoning.
The vulnerability could be exploited by a bad actor to inject manipulated text into the OpenText application, potentially misleading users.
This issue affects Directory Services: from 20.4.1 through 25.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-451 - User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OpenText™ | Directory Services |
Affected:
20.4.1 , ≤ 25.2
(custom)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-0391 (GCVE-0-2026-0391)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-05 22:13 – Updated: 2026-05-11 21:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) for Android Spoofing Vulnerability
Summary
User interface (ui) misrepresentation of critical information in Microsoft Edge for Android allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-451 - User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) |
Affected:
1.0.0.0 , < 143.0.3650.66
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-02-05 16:00
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CVE-2026-0385 (GCVE-0-2026-0385)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-13 21:55 – Updated: 2026-06-19 18:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) for Android Spoofing Vulnerability
Summary
Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) for Android Spoofing Vulnerability
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Edge for Android |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 146.0.3856.59
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-03-13 14:00
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CVE-2025-68277 (GCVE-0-2025-68277)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-25 01:13 – Updated: 2026-02-27 17:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OpenEMR allows links sent via Secure Messaging to be opened in OpenEMR and Portal
Summary
OpenEMR is a free and open source electronic health records and medical practice management application. Prior to version 7.0.4, when a link is sent via Secure Messaging, clicking the link opens the website within the OpenEMR/Portal site. This behavior could be exploited for phishing. Version 7.0.4 patches the issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-451 - User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/openemr/openemr/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2025-65046 (GCVE-0-2025-65046)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-18 22:01 – Updated: 2026-04-16 14:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Spoofing Vulnerability
Summary
Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Spoofing Vulnerability
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Edge for Android |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 143.0.3650.88
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-12-18 16:00
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CVE-2025-64667 (GCVE-0-2025-64667)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-09 17:55 – Updated: 2026-04-16 14:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Exchange Server Spoofing Vulnerability
Summary
User interface (ui) misrepresentation of critical information in Microsoft Exchange Server allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-451 - User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Exchange Server 2016 Cumulative Update 23 |
Affected:
15.01.0.0 , < 15.01.2507.063
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Exchange Server 2019 Cumulative Update 14 |
Affected:
15.02.0.0 , < 15.02.1544.037
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Exchange Server 2019 Cumulative Update 15 |
Affected:
15.02.0.0 , < 15.02.1748.042
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Exchange Server Subscription Edition RTM |
Affected:
15.02.0.0 , < 15.02.2562.035
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-12-09 08:00
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Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Perform data validation (e.g. syntax, length, etc.) before interpreting the data.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Output Encoding
Create a strategy for presenting information, and plan for how to display unusual characters.
CAPEC-154: Resource Location Spoofing
An adversary deceives an application or user and convinces them to request a resource from an unintended location. By spoofing the location, the adversary can cause an alternate resource to be used, often one that the adversary controls and can be used to help them achieve their malicious goals.
CAPEC-163: Spear Phishing
An adversary targets a specific user or group with a Phishing (CAPEC-98) attack tailored to a category of users in order to have maximum relevance and deceptive capability. Spear Phishing is an enhanced version of the Phishing attack targeted to a specific user or group. The quality of the targeted email is usually enhanced by appearing to come from a known or trusted entity. If the email account of some trusted entity has been compromised the message may be digitally signed. The message will contain information specific to the targeted users that will enhance the probability that they will follow the URL to the compromised site. For example, the message may indicate knowledge of the targets employment, residence, interests, or other information that suggests familiarity. As soon as the user follows the instructions in the message, the attack proceeds as a standard Phishing attack.
CAPEC-164: Mobile Phishing
An adversary targets mobile phone users with a phishing attack for the purpose of soliciting account passwords or sensitive information from the user. Mobile Phishing is a variation of the Phishing social engineering technique where the attack is initiated via a text or SMS message, rather than email. The user is enticed to provide information or visit a compromised web site via this message. Apart from the manner in which the attack is initiated, the attack proceeds as a standard Phishing attack.
CAPEC-173: Action Spoofing
An adversary is able to disguise one action for another and therefore trick a user into initiating one type of action when they intend to initiate a different action. For example, a user might be led to believe that clicking a button will submit a query, but in fact it downloads software. Adversaries may perform this attack through social means, such as by simply convincing a victim to perform the action or relying on a user's natural inclination to do so, or through technical means, such as a clickjacking attack where a user sees one interface but is actually interacting with a second, invisible, interface.
CAPEC-98: Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering technique where an attacker masquerades as a legitimate entity with which the victim might do business in order to prompt the user to reveal some confidential information (very frequently authentication credentials) that can later be used by an attacker. Phishing is essentially a form of information gathering or "fishing" for information.