Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

5970 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-8979 (GCVE-0-2026-8979)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-28 13:05 – Updated: 2026-05-28 14:21
VLAI
Title
Authentication Bypass
Summary
The Mennekes Amtron series (firmware versions ≤ 5.22.3) is vulnerable to an authentication bypass. An unauthenticated remote attacker can change the password of the user account via a crafted POST request to the /operator/operator endpoint.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Mennekes Amtron Affected: 0 , ≤ 5.22.3 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
S. Eisenreich-Dietz (CyberDanube)
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-8979",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-28T14:21:09.524366Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-28T14:21:33.159Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://cyberdanube.com/security-research/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-mennekes-amtron-series/"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Amtron",
          "vendor": "Mennekes",
          "versions": [
            {
              "changes": [
                {
                  "at": "5.33.11-21500",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                }
              ],
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.22.3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "S. Eisenreich-Dietz (CyberDanube)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eThe Mennekes Amtron series (firmware versions \u2264 5.22.3) is vulnerable to an authentication bypass. An unauthenticated remote attacker can change the password of the user account via a crafted POST request to the /operator/operator endpoint.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "The Mennekes Amtron series (firmware versions \u2264 5.22.3) is vulnerable to an authentication bypass. An unauthenticated remote attacker can change the password of the user account via a crafted POST request to the /operator/operator endpoint."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-115",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-115 Authentication Bypass"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 9.3,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "exploitMaturity": "PROOF_OF_CONCEPT",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:P",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-287",
              "description": "CWE-287 Improper Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-28T13:15:22.499Z",
        "orgId": "7d092a75-6bbd-48c6-a15a-0297458009bc",
        "shortName": "CyberDanube"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://cyberdanube.com/security-research/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-mennekes-amtron-series/"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Authentication Bypass",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.2"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "7d092a75-6bbd-48c6-a15a-0297458009bc",
    "assignerShortName": "CyberDanube",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-8979",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-28T13:05:40.423Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-19T13:11:28.172Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-28T14:21:33.159Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-8737 (GCVE-0-2026-8737)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-17 06:45 – Updated: 2026-05-18 16:32
VLAI
Title
Sanluan PublicCMS Trade Address Query TradeAddressListDirective.java execute missing authentication
Summary
A weakness has been identified in Sanluan PublicCMS 5.202506.d. This issue affects the function execute of the file publiccms-trade/src/main/java/com/publiccms/views/directive/trade/TradeAddressListDirective.java of the component Trade Address Query Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument userId/id can lead to missing authentication. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/364325 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/364325/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/submit/809885 third-party-advisory
https://vulnplus-note.wetolink.com/share/VqmGhijVKGBM exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Sanluan PublicCMS Affected: 5.202506.d
    cpe:2.3:a:publiccms:publiccms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
vulnplusbot (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-8737",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-18T16:21:11.148446Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-18T16:32:41.903Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:publiccms:publiccms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "modules": [
            "Trade Address Query Handler"
          ],
          "product": "PublicCMS",
          "vendor": "Sanluan",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.202506.d"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "vulnplusbot (VulDB User)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "coordinator",
          "value": "VulDB CNA Team"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A weakness has been identified in Sanluan PublicCMS 5.202506.d. This issue affects the function execute of the file publiccms-trade/src/main/java/com/publiccms/views/directive/trade/TradeAddressListDirective.java of the component Trade Address Query Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument userId/id can lead to missing authentication. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 6.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 5,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:UR",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-306",
              "description": "Missing Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-287",
              "description": "Improper Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-17T06:45:12.276Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-364325 | Sanluan PublicCMS Trade Address Query TradeAddressListDirective.java execute missing authentication",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/364325"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-364325 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/364325/cti"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #809885 | PublicCMS V5.202506.d sensitive data exposure",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/809885"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://vulnplus-note.wetolink.com/share/VqmGhijVKGBM"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-16T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-16T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-16T12:41:35.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Sanluan PublicCMS Trade Address Query TradeAddressListDirective.java execute missing authentication"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-8737",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-17T06:45:12.276Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-16T10:36:21.552Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-18T16:32:41.903Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-8621 (GCVE-0-2026-8621)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-14 18:46 – Updated: 2026-07-14 22:03 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Crabbox < v0.12.0 Authentication Bypass via Header Spoofing
Summary
Crabbox prior to v0.12.0 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows non-admin shared-token callers to impersonate other owners or organizations by spoofing identity headers. Attackers can inject malicious X-Crabbox-Owner and X-Crabbox-Org headers in requests authenticated with a shared token to bypass authorization checks and access owner/org-scoped lease operations belonging to victim accounts.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
openclaw crabbox Affected: 0 , < 0.12.0 (semver)
Unaffected: b657323f1d1c954cefc8444571fa6c45a8896e7f (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-05-14 18:45
Credits
Chia Min Jun Lennon
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-8621",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-14T19:37:38.426098Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-14T19:50:07.817Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "packageURL": "pkg:github/openclaw/crabbox",
          "product": "crabbox",
          "repo": "https://github.com/openclaw/crabbox",
          "vendor": "openclaw",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "0.12.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "b657323f1d1c954cefc8444571fa6c45a8896e7f",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Chia Min Jun Lennon"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-05-14T18:45:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eCrabbox prior to v0.12.0 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows non-admin shared-token callers to impersonate other owners or organizations by spoofing identity headers. Attackers can inject malicious X-Crabbox-Owner and X-Crabbox-Org headers in requests authenticated with a shared token to bypass authorization checks and access owner/org-scoped lease operations belonging to victim accounts.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Crabbox prior to v0.12.0 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows non-admin shared-token callers to impersonate other owners or organizations by spoofing identity headers. Attackers can inject malicious X-Crabbox-Owner and X-Crabbox-Org headers in requests authenticated with a shared token to bypass authorization checks and access owner/org-scoped lease operations belonging to victim accounts."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 8.7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 8.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-287",
              "description": "CWE-287 Improper Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-14T22:03:58.370Z",
        "orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
        "shortName": "VulnCheck"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "release-notes"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/crabbox/releases/tag/v0.12.0"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "issue-tracking"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/crabbox/pull/70"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/crabbox/commit/b657323f1d1c954cefc8444571fa6c45a8896e7f"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/crabbox-authentication-bypass-via-header-spoofing"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "tags": [
        "x_open-source"
      ],
      "title": "Crabbox \u003c v0.12.0 Authentication Bypass via Header Spoofing",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "vulncheck"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
    "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-8621",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-14T18:46:43.230Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-14T18:39:14.316Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-14T22:03:58.370Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-8321 (GCVE-0-2026-8321)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 19:45 – Updated: 2026-05-12 12:59
VLAI
Title
inkeep agents runAuth Middleware runAuth.ts createDevContext authentication bypass
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in inkeep agents 0.58.14. This vulnerability affects the function createDevContext of the file agents-api/src/middleware/runAuth.ts of the component runAuth Middleware. Performing a manipulation results in authentication bypass using alternate channel. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-288 - Authentication Bypass Using Alternate Channel
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/362608 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/362608/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/submit/811314 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/inkeep/agents/issues/3024 exploitissue-tracking
https://github.com/inkeep/agents/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
inkeep agents Affected: 0.58.14
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Eric-d (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-8321",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-12T12:59:33.001542Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T12:59:42.234Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "modules": [
            "runAuth Middleware"
          ],
          "product": "agents",
          "vendor": "inkeep",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0.58.14"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "Eric-d (VulDB User)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "coordinator",
          "value": "VulDB CNA Team"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A vulnerability was detected in inkeep agents 0.58.14. This vulnerability affects the function createDevContext of the file agents-api/src/middleware/runAuth.ts of the component runAuth Middleware. Performing a manipulation results in authentication bypass using alternate channel. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 6.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.3,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 7.3,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:UR",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-288",
              "description": "Authentication Bypass Using Alternate Channel",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-287",
              "description": "Improper Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T19:45:08.634Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-362608 | inkeep agents runAuth Middleware runAuth.ts createDevContext authentication bypass",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362608"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-362608 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362608/cti"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #811314 | inkeep agents 0.58.14 Authentication Bypass (CWE-288)",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/811314"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "exploit",
            "issue-tracking"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/inkeep/agents/issues/3024"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/inkeep/agents/"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-11T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-11T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-11T15:41:26.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "inkeep agents runAuth Middleware runAuth.ts createDevContext authentication bypass"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-8321",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-11T19:45:08.634Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-11T13:36:22.325Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T12:59:42.234Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-8305 (GCVE-0-2026-8305)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 16:30 – Updated: 2026-05-11 18:26 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
OpenClaw bluebubbles Webhook monitor.ts handleBlueBubblesWebhookRequest improper authentication
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in OpenClaw up to 2026.1.24. The impacted element is the function handleBlueBubblesWebhookRequest of the file extensions/bluebubbles/src/monitor.ts of the component bluebubbles Webhook. Performing a manipulation results in improper authentication. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. Upgrading to version 2026.2.12 is sufficient to resolve this issue. The patch is named a6653be0265f1f02b9de46c06f52ea7c81a836e6. The affected component should be upgraded.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n/a OpenClaw Affected: 2026.1.0
Affected: 2026.1.1
Affected: 2026.1.2
Affected: 2026.1.3
Affected: 2026.1.4
Affected: 2026.1.5
Affected: 2026.1.6
Affected: 2026.1.7
Affected: 2026.1.8
Affected: 2026.1.9
Affected: 2026.1.10
Affected: 2026.1.11
Affected: 2026.1.12
Affected: 2026.1.13
Affected: 2026.1.14
Affected: 2026.1.15
Affected: 2026.1.16
Affected: 2026.1.17
Affected: 2026.1.18
Affected: 2026.1.19
Affected: 2026.1.20
Affected: 2026.1.21
Affected: 2026.1.22
Affected: 2026.1.23
Affected: 2026.1.24
Unaffected: 2026.2.12
    cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Credits
davidgilmore (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-8305",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-11T18:25:58.820819Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T18:26:10.409Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "modules": [
            "bluebubbles Webhook"
          ],
          "product": "OpenClaw",
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.0"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.2"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.3"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.4"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.5"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.6"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.7"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.8"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.9"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.10"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.11"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.12"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.13"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.14"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.15"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.16"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.17"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.18"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.19"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.20"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.21"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.22"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.23"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2026.1.24"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "2026.2.12"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "davidgilmore (VulDB User)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A vulnerability was detected in OpenClaw up to 2026.1.24. The impacted element is the function handleBlueBubblesWebhookRequest of the file extensions/bluebubbles/src/monitor.ts of the component bluebubbles Webhook. Performing a manipulation results in improper authentication. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. Upgrading to version 2026.2.12 is sufficient to resolve this issue. The patch is named a6653be0265f1f02b9de46c06f52ea7c81a836e6. The affected component should be upgraded."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 6.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.3,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 7.3,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P/E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-287",
              "description": "Improper Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T16:30:14.666Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-362590 | OpenClaw bluebubbles Webhook monitor.ts handleBlueBubblesWebhookRequest improper authentication",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362590"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-362590 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362590/cti"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #809371 | OpenClaw (formally ClawdBot) openclaw 2026.1.24 Authentication Bypass Issues",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/809371"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "issue-tracking"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/issues/13786"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "issue-tracking",
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/pull/13787"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/Dave-gilmore-aus/security-advisories/blob/main/ClawdBot(aka%20OpenClaw)-Auth-Bypass-SSRF"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/a6653be0265f1f02b9de46c06f52ea7c81a836e6"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/tag/v2026.2.12"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "x_open-source"
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-11T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-11T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-11T13:42:45.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "OpenClaw bluebubbles Webhook monitor.ts handleBlueBubblesWebhookRequest improper authentication"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-8305",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-11T16:30:14.666Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-11T11:37:27.843Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T18:26:10.409Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-8244 (GCVE-0-2026-8244)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-10 09:15 – Updated: 2026-05-18 13:52
VLAI
Title
Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP Login RMI improper authentication
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP 8.03. This impacts an unknown function of the component Login RMI Interface. The manipulation of the argument clientVersion leads to improper authentication. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/362460 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/362460/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/submit/808326 third-party-advisory
https://hawktrace.com/blog/caniaserp related
https://gist.github.com/0xb1lal/758bbc5e4d82efea2… broken-linkexploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP Affected: 8.03
    cpe:2.3:a:industrial_application_software_ias:canias_erp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Bilal Güneş (HawkTrace) b1lal (VulDB User) b1lal (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-8244",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-11T16:54:22.733665Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T16:54:43.592Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:industrial_application_software_ias:canias_erp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "modules": [
            "Login RMI Interface"
          ],
          "product": "Canias ERP",
          "vendor": "Industrial Application Software IAS",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.03"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Bilal G\u00fcne\u015f (HawkTrace)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "b1lal (VulDB User)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "analyst",
          "value": "b1lal (VulDB User)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "coordinator",
          "value": "VulDB CNA Team"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A vulnerability was identified in Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP 8.03. This impacts an unknown function of the component Login RMI Interface. The manipulation of the argument clientVersion leads to improper authentication. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 6.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 5,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:UR",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-287",
              "description": "Improper Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-18T13:52:19.031Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-362460 | Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP Login RMI improper authentication",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362460"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-362460 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362460/cti"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #808326 | Industrial Application Software - IAS Canias ERP 8.03-- Improper Authentication (CWE-287), (CWE-200)",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/808326"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://hawktrace.com/blog/caniaserp"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "broken-link",
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://gist.github.com/0xb1lal/758bbc5e4d82efea248e675da934ac69"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-09T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-09T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-18T15:54:18.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP Login RMI improper authentication"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-8244",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-10T09:15:07.438Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-09T16:33:18.602Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-18T13:52:19.031Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-8216 (GCVE-0-2026-8216)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-10 01:00 – Updated: 2026-05-12 02:30
VLAI
Title
Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP Java RMI Session Management iasServerRemoteInterface.doAction improper authentication
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP 8.03. This issue affects the function iasServerRemoteInterface.doAction of the component Java RMI Session Management. Such manipulation leads to improper authentication. The attack can be launched remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/362433 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/362433/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/submit/808244 third-party-advisory
https://hawktrace.com/blog/caniaserp related
Impacted products
Credits
Bilal Güneş (HawkTrace) b1lal (VulDB User) b1lal (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-8216",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-12T02:30:40.313403Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T02:30:50.380Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "modules": [
            "Java RMI Session Management"
          ],
          "product": "Canias ERP",
          "vendor": "Industrial Application Software IAS",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.03"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Bilal G\u00fcne\u015f (HawkTrace)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "b1lal (VulDB User)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "analyst",
          "value": "b1lal (VulDB User)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "coordinator",
          "value": "VulDB CNA Team"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A vulnerability was identified in Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP 8.03. This issue affects the function iasServerRemoteInterface.doAction of the component Java RMI Session Management. Such manipulation leads to improper authentication. The attack can be launched remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 6.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.3,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:X",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 7.3,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:X",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:ND",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-287",
              "description": "Improper Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T13:09:53.538Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-362433 | Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP Java RMI Session Management iasServerRemoteInterface.doAction improper authentication",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362433"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-362433 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362433/cti"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #808244 | Industrial Application Software - IAS Canias ERP 8.03-- Improper Authentication (CWE-287)",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/808244"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://hawktrace.com/blog/caniaserp"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-09T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-09T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-11T15:13:08.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP Java RMI Session Management iasServerRemoteInterface.doAction improper authentication"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-8216",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-10T01:00:11.633Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-09T07:19:37.329Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T02:30:50.380Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-8214 (GCVE-0-2026-8214)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-10 00:15 – Updated: 2026-05-11 15:03
VLAI
Title
Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP RMI doAction improper authentication
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP 8.03. This affects the function doAction of the component RMI Interface. The manipulation of the argument sessionId results in improper authentication. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/362431 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/362431/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/submit/808238 third-party-advisory
https://hawktrace.com/blog/caniaserp/ related
https://gist.github.com/0xb1lal/3ef872a445310c586… broken-linkexploit
Impacted products
Credits
Bilal Güneş (HawkTrace) b1lal (VulDB User) b1lal (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-8214",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-11T15:03:04.373468Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T15:03:51.278Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "modules": [
            "RMI Interface"
          ],
          "product": "Canias ERP",
          "vendor": "Industrial Application Software IAS",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.03"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Bilal G\u00fcne\u015f (HawkTrace)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "b1lal (VulDB User)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "analyst",
          "value": "b1lal (VulDB User)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "coordinator",
          "value": "VulDB CNA Team"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A vulnerability was found in Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP 8.03. This affects the function doAction of the component RMI Interface. The manipulation of the argument sessionId results in improper authentication. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 6.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 5,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:UR",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-287",
              "description": "Improper Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T13:09:42.239Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-362431 | Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP RMI doAction improper authentication",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362431"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-362431 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362431/cti"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #808238 | Industrial Application Software - IAS Canias ERP 8.03-- Information Disclosure",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/808238"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://hawktrace.com/blog/caniaserp/"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "broken-link",
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://gist.github.com/0xb1lal/3ef872a445310c5866d07d6a5b1803fa"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-09T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-09T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-11T15:09:19.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Industrial Application Software IAS Canias ERP RMI doAction improper authentication"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-8214",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-10T00:15:09.439Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-09T07:19:30.371Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T15:03:51.278Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-8185 (GCVE-0-2026-8185)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-09 10:15 – Updated: 2026-05-12 02:25
VLAI
Title
UGREEN CM933 Administrative missing authentication
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in UGREEN CM933 1.1.59.4319. The impacted element is an unknown function of the component Administrative Interface. Such manipulation leads to missing authentication. The attack requires being on the local network. You should upgrade the affected component. The vendor replied: "We have successfully confirmed and reproduced the issue. We take this matter very seriously and have incorporated the fix into our development schedule. The issue is scheduled to be resolved in the release version coming in late April."
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/362337 vdb-entry
https://vuldb.com/vuln/362337/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/submit/793588 third-party-advisory
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
UGREEN CM933 Affected: 1.1.59.4319
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
0xd0 (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-8185",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-12T02:24:55.623811Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T02:25:06.690Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "modules": [
            "Administrative Interface"
          ],
          "product": "CM933",
          "vendor": "UGREEN",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.1.59.4319"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "0xd0 (VulDB User)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "coordinator",
          "value": "VulDB CNA Team"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A security vulnerability has been detected in UGREEN CM933 1.1.59.4319. The impacted element is an unknown function of the component Administrative Interface. Such manipulation leads to missing authentication. The attack requires being on the local network. You should upgrade the affected component. The vendor replied: \"We have successfully confirmed and reproduced the issue. We take this matter very seriously and have incorporated the fix into our development schedule. The issue is scheduled to be resolved in the release version coming in late April.\""
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 6.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:X/RL:O/RC:C",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 6.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:X/RL:O/RC:C",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 5.8,
            "vectorString": "AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P/E:ND/RL:OF/RC:C",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-306",
              "description": "Missing Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-287",
              "description": "Improper Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-09T10:15:09.364Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-362337 | UGREEN CM933 Administrative missing authentication",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362337"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-362337 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362337/cti"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #793588 | UGREEN CM933 Managed Network Switch 1.1.59.4319 CWE-306: Missing Authentication for Critical Function",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/793588"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-08T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-08T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-08T21:45:34.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "UGREEN CM933 Administrative missing authentication"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-8185",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-09T10:15:09.364Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-08T19:40:30.733Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T02:25:06.690Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-8181 (GCVE-0-2026-8181)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-14 05:30 – Updated: 2026-05-14 10:46
VLAI
Title
Burst Statistics 3.4.0 - 3.4.1.1 - Authentication Bypass to Admin Account Takeover
Summary
The Burst Statistics – Privacy-Friendly WordPress Analytics (Google Analytics Alternative) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass in versions 3.4.0 to 3.4.1.1. This is due to incorrect return-value handling in the `is_mainwp_authenticated()` function when validating application passwords from the Authorization header. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers, with knowledge of an administrator username, to impersonate that administrator for the duration of the request by supplying any random Basic Authentication password achieving privilege escalation.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
Impacted products
Credits
Chloe Chamberland PRISM
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-8181",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-14T10:38:46.502886Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-14T10:46:32.299Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Burst Statistics \u2013 Privacy-Friendly WordPress Analytics (Google Analytics Alternative)",
          "vendor": "burstbv",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "3.4.1.1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.4.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Chloe Chamberland"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "PRISM"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "The Burst Statistics \u2013 Privacy-Friendly WordPress Analytics (Google Analytics Alternative) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass in versions 3.4.0 to 3.4.1.1. This is due to incorrect return-value handling in the `is_mainwp_authenticated()` function when validating application passwords from the Authorization header. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers, with knowledge of an administrator username, to impersonate that administrator for the duration of the request by supplying any random Basic Authentication password achieving privilege escalation."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 9.8,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-287",
              "description": "CWE-287 Improper Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-14T05:30:29.145Z",
        "orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
        "shortName": "Wordfence"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/8ca830d6-3d3c-4026-85cd-8447b8a568d3?source=cve"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/burst-statistics/tags/3.4.1.1/includes/Frontend/class-mainwp-proxy.php#L336"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/burst-statistics/trunk/includes/Frontend/class-mainwp-proxy.php#L336"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/burst-statistics/trunk/includes/Frontend/class-mainwp-proxy.php#L328"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/burst-statistics/tags/3.4.1.1/includes/Frontend/class-mainwp-proxy.php#L328"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/burst-statistics/trunk/includes/Frontend/class-mainwp-proxy.php#L314"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/burst-statistics/tags/3.4.1.1/includes/Frontend/class-mainwp-proxy.php#L314"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/burst-statistics/trunk/includes/Traits/trait-admin-helper.php#L205"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/burst-statistics/tags/3.4.1.1/includes/Traits/trait-admin-helper.php#L205"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/Burst-Statistics/burst-statistics/blob/2488d3fa54045e7e5342b0445b9f6b5eaac9ea7c/includes/Frontend/class-mainwp-proxy.php#L385"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-11T14:17:08.000Z",
          "value": "Vendor Notified"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-05-13T16:44:16.000Z",
          "value": "Disclosed"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Burst Statistics 3.4.0 - 3.4.1.1 - Authentication Bypass to Admin Account Takeover"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
    "assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-8181",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-14T05:30:29.145Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-08T16:24:21.656Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-14T10:46:32.299Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.