Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-178
AllowedImproper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product does not properly account for differences in case sensitivity when accessing or determining the properties of a resource, leading to inconsistent results.
163 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-46701 (GCVE-0-2025-46701)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-29 19:06 – Updated: 2025-11-03 20:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Tomcat: Security constraint bypass for CGI scripts
Summary
Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity vulnerability in Apache Tomcat's GCI servlet allows security constraint bypass of security constraints that apply to the pathInfo component of a URI mapped to the CGI servlet.
This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.6, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.40, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.104.
The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are
known to be affected: 8.5.0 though 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions
may also be affected.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.7, 10.1.41 or 9.0.105, which fixes the issue.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-05-30 14:58 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
3 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Tomcat |
Affected:
11.0.0-M1 , ≤ 11.0.6
(semver)
Affected: 10.1.0-M1 , ≤ 10.1.40 (semver) Affected: 9.0.0.M1 , ≤ 9.0.104 (semver) Affected: 8.5.0 , ≤ 8.5.100 (semver) Unknown: 3 , < 8.5.0 (semver) Unknown: 10.0.0-M1 , ≤ 10.0.27 (semver) |
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CVE-2025-4035 (GCVE-0-2025-4035)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-29 12:56 – Updated: 2026-06-30 14:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Libsoup: cookie domain validation bypass via uppercase characters in libsoup
Summary
A flaw was found in libsoup. When handling cookies, libsoup clients mistakenly allow cookies to be set for public suffix domains if the domain contains at least two components and includes an uppercase character. This bypasses public suffix protections and could allow a malicious website to set cookies for domains it does not own, potentially leading to integrity issues such as session fixation.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-30 14:35 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8128 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-4035 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2362651 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libsoup/-/issues/443 | |
| https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libsoup/-/work_items/443 | exploit |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
Unaffected:
0:3.6.5-3.el10_0.6 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.0 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
|
Date Public
2025-04-28 00:00
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CVE-2024-55634 (GCVE-0-2024-55634)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-09 23:21 – Updated: 2024-12-11 16:39
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Drupal core - Moderately critical - Access bypass - SA-CORE-2024-004
Summary
A vulnerability in Drupal Core allows Privilege Escalation.This issue affects Drupal Core: from 8.0.0 before 10.2.11, from 10.3.0 before 10.3.9, from 11.0.0 before 11.0.8.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-12-11 16:38 UTC
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drupal | Drupal Core |
Affected:
8.0.0 , < 10.2.11
(semver)
Affected: 10.3.0 , < 10.3.9 (semver) Affected: 11.0.0 , < 11.0.8 (semver) |
Date Public
2024-11-21 03:23
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CVE-2024-38829 (GCVE-0-2024-38829)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-04 21:06 – Updated: 2024-12-10 14:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Spring LDAP sensitive data exposure for case-sensitive comparisons
Summary
A vulnerability in Spring LDAP allows data exposure for case sensitive comparisons.This issue affects Spring LDAP: from 2.4.0 through 2.4.3, from 3.0.0 through 3.0.9, from 3.1.0 through 3.1.7, from 3.2.0 through 3.2.7, AND all versions prior to 2.4.0.
The usage of String.toLowerCase() and String.toUpperCase() has some Locale dependent exceptions that could potentially result in unintended columns from being queried
Related to CVE-2024-38820 https://spring.io/security/cve-2024-38820
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-12-05 17:10 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://spring.io/security/cve-2024-38829 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spring | Spring LDAP |
Affected:
2.4.0 , ≤ 2.4.3
(Spring LDAP)
Affected: 3.0.0 , ≤ 3.0.9 (Spring LDAP) Affected: 3.1.0 , ≤ 3.1.7 (Spring LDAP) Affected: 3.2.0 , ≤ 3.2.7 (Spring LDAP) Affected: 0 , ≤ 2.4.0 (Spring LDAP) |
Date Public
2024-11-19 21:04
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CVE-2024-32879 (GCVE-0-2024-32879)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-24 19:42 – Updated: 2024-08-02 02:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
social-auth-app-django Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity vulnerability
Summary
Python Social Auth is a social authentication/registration mechanism. Prior to version 5.4.1, due to default case-insensitive collation in MySQL or MariaDB databases, third-party authentication user IDs are not case-sensitive and could cause different IDs to match. This issue has been addressed by a fix released in version 5.4.1. An immediate workaround would be to change collation of the affected field.
Severity
4.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-04-29 19:27 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/python-social-auth/social-app-… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/python-social-auth/social-app-… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/python-social-auth/social-app-… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| python-social-auth | social-app-django |
Affected:
< 5.4.1
|
|
| python-social-auth | social-app-django |
Affected:
0 , < 5.4.1
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:python-social-auth:social-app-django:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-23331 (GCVE-0-2024-23331)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-19 19:43 – Updated: 2025-06-17 21:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Vite dev server option `server.fs.deny` can be bypassed when hosted on case-insensitive filesystem
Summary
Vite is a frontend tooling framework for javascript. The Vite dev server option `server.fs.deny` can be bypassed on case-insensitive file systems using case-augmented versions of filenames. Notably this affects servers hosted on Windows. This bypass is similar to CVE-2023-34092 -- with surface area reduced to hosts having case-insensitive filesystems. Since `picomatch` defaults to case-sensitive glob matching, but the file server doesn't discriminate; a blacklist bypass is possible. By requesting raw filesystem paths using augmented casing, the matcher derived from `config.server.fs.deny` fails to block access to sensitive files. This issue has been addressed in vite@5.0.12, vite@4.5.2, vite@3.2.8, and vite@2.9.17. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade should restrict access to dev servers.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-01-22 14:54 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vitejs/vite/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/vitejs/vite/commit/91641c4da0a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://vitejs.dev/config/server-options.html#ser… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-6866 (GCVE-0-2024-6866)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-20 10:10 – Updated: 2025-11-03 19:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Case-Insensitive Path Matching in corydolphin/flask-cors
Summary
corydolphin/flask-cors version 4.01 contains a vulnerability where the request path matching is case-insensitive due to the use of the `try_match` function, which is originally intended for matching hosts. This results in a mismatch because paths in URLs are case-sensitive, but the regex matching treats them as case-insensitive. This misconfiguration can lead to significant security vulnerabilities, allowing unauthorized origins to access paths meant to be restricted, resulting in data exposure and potential data leaks.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-03-20 17:47 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| corydolphin | corydolphin/flask-cors |
Affected:
unspecified , ≤ latest
(custom)
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CVE-2023-4759 (GCVE-0-2023-4759)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-12 09:12 – Updated: 2024-08-02 07:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Improper handling of case insensitive filesystems in Eclipse JGit allows arbitrary file write
Summary
Arbitrary File Overwrite in Eclipse JGit <= 6.6.0
In Eclipse JGit, all versions <= 6.6.0.202305301015-r, a symbolic link present in a specially crafted git repository can be used to write a file to locations outside the working tree when this repository is cloned with JGit to a case-insensitive filesystem, or when a checkout from a clone of such a repository is performed on a case-insensitive filesystem.
This can happen on checkout (DirCacheCheckout), merge (ResolveMerger via its WorkingTreeUpdater), pull (PullCommand using merge), and when applying a patch (PatchApplier). This can be exploited for remote code execution (RCE), for instance if the file written outside the working tree is a git filter that gets executed on a subsequent git command.
The issue occurs only on case-insensitive filesystems, like the default filesystems on Windows and macOS. The user performing the clone or checkout must have the rights to create symbolic links for the problem to occur, and symbolic links must be enabled in the git configuration.
Setting git configuration option core.symlinks = false before checking out avoids the problem.
The issue was fixed in Eclipse JGit version 6.6.1.202309021850-r and 6.7.0.202309050840-r, available via Maven Central https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/eclipse/jgit/ and repo.eclipse.org https://repo.eclipse.org/content/repositories/jgit-releases/ . A backport is available in 5.13.3 starting from 5.13.3.202401111512-r.
The JGit maintainers would like to thank RyotaK for finding and reporting this issue.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-19 03:55 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eclipse Foundation | Eclipse JGit |
Affected:
0.0.0 , ≤ 6.6.0.202305301015-r
(semver)
Unaffected: 5.13.3.202401111512-r |
|
| eclipse | jgit |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 6.6.0.202305301015-r
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:eclipse:jgit:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| eclipse | jgit |
Unaffected:
5.13.3.202401111512-r
cpe:2.3:a:eclipse:jgit:5.13.3.202401111512-r:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2023-09-12 10:00
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CVE-2023-3545 (GCVE-0-2023-3545)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-28 07:07 – Updated: 2024-08-02 07:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Chamilo LMS Htaccess File Upload Security Bypass
Summary
Improper sanitisation in `main/inc/lib/fileUpload.lib.php` in Chamilo LMS <= v1.11.20 on Windows and Apache installations allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass file upload security protections and obtain remote code execution via uploading of `.htaccess` file. This vulnerability may be exploited by privileged attackers or chained with unauthenticated arbitrary file write vulnerabilities, such as CVE-2023-3533, to achieve remote code execution.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://support.chamilo.org/projects/chamilo-18/w… | vendor-advisory |
| https://starlabs.sg/advisories/23/23-3545/ | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/chamilo/chamilo-lms/commit/dc7… | patch |
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CVE-2021-39155 (GCVE-0-2021-39155)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-08-24 22:25 – Updated: 2024-08-04 01:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Authorization Policy Bypass Due to Case Insensitive Host Comparison
Summary
Istio is an open source platform for providing a uniform way to integrate microservices, manage traffic flow across microservices, enforce policies and aggregate telemetry data. According to [RFC 4343](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4343), Istio authorization policy should compare the hostname in the HTTP Host header in a case insensitive way, but currently the comparison is case sensitive. The proxy will route the request hostname in a case-insensitive way which means the authorization policy could be bypassed. As an example, the user may have an authorization policy that rejects request with hostname "httpbin.foo" for some source IPs, but the attacker can bypass this by sending the request with hostname "Httpbin.Foo". Patches are available in Istio 1.11.1, Istio 1.10.4 and Istio 1.9.8. As a work around a Lua filter may be written to normalize Host header before the authorization check. This is similar to the Path normalization presented in the [Security Best Practices](https://istio.io/latest/docs/ops/best-practices/security/#case-normalization) guide.
Severity
8.3 (High)
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/istio/istio/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4343 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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Mitigation MIT-44
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Input Validation
Avoid making decisions based on names of resources (e.g. files) if those resources can have alternate names.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.