Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-1336

Allowed

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

The product uses a template engine to insert or process externally-influenced input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements or syntax that can be interpreted as template expressions or other code directives when processed by the engine.

460 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-21450 (GCVE-0-2026-21450)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-02 20:38 – Updated: 2026-01-02 21:24
VLAI
Title
Bagisto has SSTI in parameter that can lead to RCE
Summary
Bagisto is an open source laravel eCommerce platform. Versions prior to 2.3.10 are vulnerable to server-side template injection via type parameter, which can lead to remote code execution or another exploitation. Version 2.3.10 fixes the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-02 21:24 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
bagisto bagisto Affected: < 2.3.10
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-21449 (GCVE-0-2026-21449)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-02 20:35 – Updated: 2026-01-02 21:27
VLAI
Title
Bagisto has SSTI via first and last name from low-privilege user (not admin)
Summary
Bagisto is an open source laravel eCommerce platform. Versions prior to 2.3.10 are vulnerable to server-side template injection via first name and last name from a low-privilege user. Version 2.3.10 fixes the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-02 21:27 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
bagisto bagisto Affected: < 2.3.10
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-21448 (GCVE-0-2026-21448)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-02 20:18 – Updated: 2026-01-02 21:29
VLAI
Title
Bagisto has Normal & Blind SSTI from low-privilege user when ordering product
Summary
Bagisto is an open source laravel eCommerce platform. Versions prior to 2.3.10 are vulnerable to server-side template injection. When a normal customer orders any product, in the `add address` step they can inject a value to run in admin view. The issue can lead to remote code execution. Version 2.3.10 contains a patch.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-02 21:29 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
bagisto bagisto Affected: < 2.3.10
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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GCVE-1-2026-20109 (CVE-2026-71502)

Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-08-06 20:29 – Updated: 2026-08-06 22:00
VLAI
Title
Unauthenticated Stored Vue Template Injection Leads to Cross-Site Scripting in CTI-Transmute
Summary
CTI-Transmute contains a stored cross-site scripting vulnerability caused by insufficient neutralization of Vue template expression delimiters in server-rendered user-controlled data. An unauthenticated attacker can create a public conversion whose name or description contains a malicious Vue expression using the application's configured [[ ... ]] delimiters. User profile names may provide an additional injection vector. Although Jinja HTML escaping is applied, the resulting value is subsequently included in a DOM region compiled by Vue. Vue interprets the attacker-controlled value as a template expression rather than ordinary text. By accessing the JavaScript Function constructor from within the expression, an attacker can execute arbitrary JavaScript in the security context of the CTI-Transmute origin. The application's nonce-based Content Security Policy does not prevent exploitation because the Vue runtime compiler requires the unsafe-eval policy exception. The malicious payload is stored by the application and executed whenever another user opens an affected page, such as the public conversion detail page. The victim may be a normal user or an administrator. Successful exploitation could allow the attacker to: * Access data available to the victim through the application. * Extract API keys, tokens, or other sensitive information exposed to the page. * Perform authenticated actions using the victim's session. * Modify conversions or other application data. * Escalate the impact by targeting an administrator. A demonstrated payload can use [].constructor.constructor(...) to obtain the JavaScript Function constructor and execute arbitrary code. The regression tests also show that a short first-stage payload could retrieve an uncapped conversion description and evaluate a larger second-stage payload. The patch addresses the vulnerability by registering a global Jinja finalize hook that inserts a zero-width Unicode word joiner inside every Vue delimiter found in server-rendered values. This prevents Vue from recognizing the values as template expressions while preserving their visible representation.
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting')
  • CWE-1336
Assigner
GNA-1 This instance Scorecard
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
misp cti-transmute Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.4.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.

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CVE-2026-19929 (GCVE-0-2026-19929)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-16 03:00 – Updated: 2026-08-19 15:12 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
OpenBoxes Template Processing DocumentController.groovy buildZebraTemplate special elements in template engine
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in OpenBoxes up to 0.9.6. This impacts the function buildZebraTemplate of the file grails-app/controllers/org/pih/warehouse/core/DocumentController.groovy of the component Template Processing. The manipulation leads to improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. Upgrading to version 0.9.8-hotfix1 and 0.9.8 will fix this issue. The identifier of the patch is deeac6a4a7aba86ce99c4bda37142e41d209293e. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 15:12 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
  • CWE-791 - Incomplete Filtering of Special Elements
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n/a OpenBoxes Affected: 0.9.0
Affected: 0.9.1
Affected: 0.9.2
Affected: 0.9.3
Affected: 0.9.4
Affected: 0.9.5
Affected: 0.9.6
Unaffected: 0.9.8-hotfix1
Unaffected: 0.9.8
    cpe:2.3:a:openboxes:openboxes:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-19584 (GCVE-0-2026-19584)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-10 03:00 – Updated: 2026-09-11 03:56
VLAI
Title
Velociraptor VQL injection during notebook restore from backup
Summary
Velociraptor allows for the creation of notebook backups in its default enabled daily backup feature. When Velociraptor restores the backup, the notebook cell content is interpolated into a template with no ACL checks. This allows a malicious user with NOTEBOOK_EDITOR permission to plant a VQL query which will be evaluated at elevated permissions if the notebook's backup is subsequently restored.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-10 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Rapid7 Velociraptor Affected: 0 , < 0.77.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-18632 (GCVE-0-2026-18632)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-03 19:30 – Updated: 2026-08-03 21:19
VLAI
Title
langgenius dify Jinja2 jinja2_transformer.py jinja2.Template special elements used in a template engine
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in langgenius dify up to 1.14.2. This issue affects the function jinja2.Template of the file api/core/helper/code_executor/jinja2/jinja2_transformer.py of the component Jinja2 Handler. The manipulation results in improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-03 21:15 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
  • CWE-791 - Incomplete Filtering of Special Elements
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/385555 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/385555/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-18632 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/853188 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/CVE-Hunter-Leo/CVE/issues/14 exploitissue-tracking
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
langgenius dify Affected: 1.14.0
Affected: 1.14.1
Affected: 1.14.2
    cpe:2.3:a:langgenius:dify:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-13297 (GCVE-0-2026-13297)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 16:46 – Updated: 2026-09-08 17:34
VLAI
Title
Security vulnerabilities have been addressed in IBM Verify Identity Access and IBM Security Verify Access
Summary
IBM Verify Identity Access Advanced Access Control may be vulnerable to an information disclosure attack.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 17:34 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7286188 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM Verify Identity Access Affected: 11.0.0 , ≤ 11.0.3 Interim Fix 001 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:verify_identity_access:11.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:verify_identity_access:11.0.3:interim_fix_001:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
IBM Security Verify Access Affected: 10.0.0 , ≤ 10.0.9.2 Interim Fix 001 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:security_verify_access:10.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:security_verify_access:10.0.9.2:interim_fix_001:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
IBM Verify Identity Access Container Affected: 11.0.0 , ≤ 11.0.3 Interim Fix 001 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:verify_identity_access_container:11.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:verify_identity_access_container:11.0.3:interim_fix_001:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
IBM Security Verify Access Container Affected: 10.0.0 , ≤ 10.0.9.2 Interim Fix 001 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:security_verify_access_container:10.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:security_verify_access_container:10.0.9.2:interim_fix_001:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-13051 (GCVE-0-2026-13051)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 16:28 – Updated: 2026-08-14 17:47
VLAI
Title
Form::Processor::Field::HtmlArea versions from 0.06 through 1.162360 for Perl allow attacker selected method dispatch and resource exhaustion via an HTML::Tidy diagnostic that validate passes to add_error as a Locale::Maketext template
Summary
Form::Processor::Field::HtmlArea versions from 0.06 through 1.162360 for Perl allow attacker selected method dispatch and resource exhaustion via an HTML::Tidy diagnostic that validate passes to add_error as a Locale::Maketext template. validate runs HTML::Tidy over the submitted markup and passes each resulting message to add_error as its first argument, which add_error hands to the language handle as the Locale::Maketext message key. The default handle's lexicon sets `_AUTO`, so a message that is not a lexicon entry is compiled as a bracket notation template instead of being looked up. Tidy diagnostics quote the offending attribute name or value, so a bracket group in the submitted markup reaches the template position, where the first token of the group names a method called on the language handle and the remaining tokens are its arguments. A group such as `[0]` makes the compile croak, and neither the field nor the handle catches it, so the exception leaves validate. `[sprintf,%2000000000d,7]` reaches CORE::sprintf with an attacker chosen field width. One submission of crafted markup to an HtmlArea field throws an unhandled exception out of form validation or allocates an arbitrary amount of memory, and an application whose language handle subclass defines side effecting public methods makes those callable with attacker chosen arguments. The other field types pass fixed templates with the submitted value in an argument slot, where it stays inert, and are unaffected.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-14 17:46 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
  • CWE-470 - Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Affected: 0.06 , ≤ 1.162360 (custom)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-12894 (GCVE-0-2026-12894)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 12:14 – Updated: 2026-09-11 17:30
VLAI
Title
Io.quarkus:quarkus-qute: quarkus-qute:server-side template injection (ssti) vulnerability in reflectionvalueresolver of the quarkus qute template engine
Summary
A flaw was found in the Qute template engine, which is used by Quarkus to generate dynamic content like HTML pages or emails. The issue exists in the component responsible for looking up data values (ReflectionValueResolver), which fails to properly block access to sensitive Java internal functions when processing certain data types like Enums. An attacker who can provide or influence the template text can exploit this bypass to take control of the server by executing unauthorized commands.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 14:32 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
References
URL Tags
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:62515 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:62555 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:63302 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-12894 vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2491319 issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Quarkus quarkus-qute Affected: 3.27.0 , < 3.27.5.SP1 (semver)
Affected: 3.33.0 , < 3.33.3.SP1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4 for Quarkus 3     cpe:/a:redhat:camel_quarkus:3
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack     cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-31 11:30
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Choose a template engine that offers a sandbox or restricted mode, or at least limits the power of any available expressions, function calls, or commands.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use the template engine's sandbox or restricted mode, if available.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.