hsec-2025-0003

Vulnerability from osv_haskell

Published

2025-11-14 14:45

Modified

2025-11-14 14:45

Summary

Use after free in multithreaded lzma (.xz) decoder

Details

Use after free in multithreaded lzma (.xz) decoder

In XZ Utils 5.3.3alpha to 5.8.0, the multithreaded .xz decoder in liblzma has a bug where invalid input can at least result in a crash (CVE-2025-31115). The effects include heap use after free and writing to an address based on the null pointer plus an offset. Applications and libraries that use the lzma_stream_decoder_mt function are affected.

The Haskell xz-clib library vendors and builds the C implementation. The xz package does not use the multithreaded decoder and is therefore unaffected.

References

URL

Type

	https://tukaani.org/xz/threaded-decoder-early-free.html	ARTICLE
	https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/commit/d5a2…	FIX
	https://github.com/hasufell/lzma-static/commit/e9…	FIX

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "human_link": "https://github.com/haskell/security-advisories/tree/main/advisories/published/2025/HSEC-2025-0003.md",
        "osv": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/haskell/security-advisories/refs/heads/generated/osv-export/2025/HSEC-2025-0003.json"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Hackage",
        "name": "xz-clib"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.6.3"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.8.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "severity": [
        {
          "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
          "type": "CVSS_V3"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-31115"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "home": "https://github.com/haskell/security-advisories",
    "osvs": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/haskell/security-advisories/refs/heads/generated/osv-export",
    "repository": "https://github.com/haskell/security-advisories"
  },
  "details": "# Use after free in multithreaded lzma (.xz) decoder\n\nIn XZ Utils 5.3.3alpha to 5.8.0, the multithreaded .xz decoder in\nliblzma has a bug where invalid input can at least result in a crash\n(CVE-2025-31115). The effects include heap use after free and\nwriting to an address based on the null pointer plus an offset.\nApplications and libraries that use the `lzma_stream_decoder_mt`\nfunction are affected.\n\nThe Haskell *xz-clib* library vendors and builds the C\nimplementation.  The *xz* package does not use the multithreaded\ndecoder and is therefore unaffected.\n",
  "id": "HSEC-2025-0003",
  "modified": "2025-11-14T14:45:34Z",
  "published": "2025-11-14T14:45:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ARTICLE",
      "url": "https://tukaani.org/xz/threaded-decoder-early-free.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/commit/d5a2ffe41bb77b918a8c96084885d4dbe4bf6480"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://github.com/hasufell/lzma-static/commit/e95fe96530568addfc83b771900025053e2c6951"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.5.0",
  "summary": "Use after free in multithreaded lzma (.xz) decoder"
}

CVE-2025-31115 (GCVE-0-2025-31115)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-03 16:57 – Updated: 2026-07-14 12:41

Title

XZ has a heap-use-after-free bug in threaded .xz decoder

Summary

XZ Utils provide a general-purpose data-compression library plus command-line tools. In XZ Utils 5.3.3alpha to 5.8.0, the multithreaded .xz decoder in liblzma has a bug where invalid input can at least result in a crash. The effects include heap use after free and writing to an address based on the null pointer plus an offset. Applications and libraries that use the lzma_stream_decoder_mt function are affected. The bug has been fixed in XZ Utils 5.8.1, and the fix has been committed to the v5.4, v5.6, v5.8, and master branches in the xz Git repository. No new release packages will be made from the old stable branches, but a standalone patch is available that applies to all affected releases.

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-04-03 17:57 UTC

CWE

CWE-366 - Race Condition within a Thread
CWE-416 - Use After Free
CWE-476 - NULL Pointer Dereference
CWE-826 - Premature Release of Resource During Expected Lifetime

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

7 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/security/ad…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/commit/d5a2…	x_refsource_MISC
https://tukaani.org/xz/xz-cve-2025-31115.patch	x_refsource_MISC
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/03/1
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/03/2
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/03/3
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/…

Impacted products

4 products

Vendor	Product	Version
tukaani-project	xz	Affected: >= 5.3.3alpha, < 5.8.1
Siemens	SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
Siemens	SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
Siemens	SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP	Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-31115",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-04-03T17:57:35.541572Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-04-03T17:58:59.148Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-04-03T20:03:09.458Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/03/1"
          },
          {
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/03/2"
          },
          {
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/03/3"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      },
      {
        "affected": [
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP",
            "vendor": "Siemens",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThan": "*",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "V3.1.5",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-07-14T12:41:03.097Z",
          "orgId": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e",
          "shortName": "siemens-SADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html"
          }
        ],
        "x_adpType": "supplier"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "xz",
          "vendor": "tukaani-project",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 5.3.3alpha, \u003c 5.8.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "XZ Utils provide a general-purpose data-compression library plus command-line tools. In XZ Utils 5.3.3alpha to 5.8.0, the multithreaded .xz decoder in liblzma has a bug where invalid input can at least result in a crash. The effects include heap use after free and writing to an address based on the null pointer plus an offset. Applications and libraries that use the lzma_stream_decoder_mt function are affected. The bug has been fixed in XZ Utils 5.8.1, and the fix has been committed to the v5.4, v5.6, v5.8, and master branches in the xz Git repository. No new release packages will be made from the old stable branches, but a standalone patch is available that applies to all affected releases."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 8.7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-366",
              "description": "CWE-366: Race Condition within a Thread",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-416",
              "description": "CWE-416: Use After Free",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-476",
              "description": "CWE-476: NULL Pointer Dereference",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-826",
              "description": "CWE-826: Premature Release of Resource During Expected Lifetime",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-04-03T16:57:05.488Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/security/advisories/GHSA-6cc8-p5mm-29w2",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/security/advisories/GHSA-6cc8-p5mm-29w2"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/commit/d5a2ffe41bb77b918a8c96084885d4dbe4bf6480",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/commit/d5a2ffe41bb77b918a8c96084885d4dbe4bf6480"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://tukaani.org/xz/xz-cve-2025-31115.patch",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://tukaani.org/xz/xz-cve-2025-31115.patch"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-6cc8-p5mm-29w2",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "XZ has a heap-use-after-free bug in threaded .xz decoder"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-31115",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-03T16:57:05.488Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-03-26T15:04:52.624Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-14T12:41:03.097Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

hsec-2025-0003

Vulnerability from osv_haskell

Use after free in multithreaded lzma (.xz) decoder

CVE-2025-31115 (GCVE-0-2025-31115)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour