CVE-2026-25056 (GCVE-0-2026-25056)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-04 16:47 – Updated: 2026-02-05 14:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
n8n Arbitrary File Write leading to RCE in n8n Merge Node
Summary
n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 1.118.0 and 2.4.0, a vulnerability in the Merge node's SQL Query mode allowed authenticated users with permission to create or modify workflows to write arbitrary files to the n8n server's filesystem potentially leading to remote code execution. This issue has been patched in versions 1.118.0 and 2.4.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-05 14:23 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-25056",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-02-05T14:23:17.587687Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-05T14:33:28.230Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "n8n",
"vendor": "n8n-io",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 1.118.0"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 2.4.0"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 1.118.0 and 2.4.0, a vulnerability in the Merge node\u0027s SQL Query mode allowed authenticated users with permission to create or modify workflows to write arbitrary files to the n8n server\u0027s filesystem potentially leading to remote code execution. This issue has been patched in versions 1.118.0 and 2.4.0."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 9.4,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-434",
"description": "CWE-434: Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-693",
"description": "CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-04T16:47:55.170Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-hv53-3329-vmrm",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-hv53-3329-vmrm"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-hv53-3329-vmrm",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "n8n Arbitrary File Write leading to RCE in n8n Merge Node"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-25056",
"datePublished": "2026-02-04T16:47:55.170Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-01-28T14:50:47.888Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-05T14:33:28.230Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2026-25056",
"date": "2026-09-18",
"epss": "0.00676",
"percentile": "0.50743"
},
"nvd": {
"cve": {
"affected": [
{
"affectedData": [
{
"product": "n8n",
"vendor": "n8n-io",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 1.118.0"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 2.4.0"
}
]
}
],
"source": "security-advisories@github.com"
}
],
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "63812ACC-3B98-4BE8-AF36-F34C39C17488",
"versionEndExcluding": "1.118.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "69737D87-C216-40BB-BA7B-8D0BDA0C51C0",
"versionEndExcluding": "2.4.0",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 1.118.0 and 2.4.0, a vulnerability in the Merge node\u0027s SQL Query mode allowed authenticated users with permission to create or modify workflows to write arbitrary files to the n8n server\u0027s filesystem potentially leading to remote code execution. This issue has been patched in versions 1.118.0 and 2.4.0."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "n8n es una plataforma de automatizaci\u00f3n de flujos de trabajo de c\u00f3digo abierto. Antes de las versiones 1.118.0 y 2.4.0, una vulnerabilidad en el modo de consulta SQL del nodo Merge permit\u00eda a usuarios autenticados con permiso para crear o modificar flujos de trabajo escribir archivos arbitrarios en el sistema de archivos del servidor n8n, lo que podr\u00eda conducir a la ejecuci\u00f3n remota de c\u00f3digo. Este problema ha sido parcheado en las versiones 1.118.0 y 2.4.0."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2026-25056",
"lastModified": "2026-06-17T10:24:03.340",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
],
"cvssMetricV40": [
{
"cvssData": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"baseScore": 9.4,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"source": "security-advisories@github.com",
"type": "Secondary"
}
],
"ssvcV203": [
{
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"ssvcData": {
"id": "CVE-2026-25056",
"options": [
{
"exploitation": "none"
},
{
"automatable": "no"
},
{
"technicalImpact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-02-05T14:23:17.587687Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
}
}
]
},
"published": "2026-02-04T17:16:23.647",
"references": [
{
"source": "security-advisories@github.com",
"tags": [
"Patch",
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-hv53-3329-vmrm"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
"vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-434"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-693"
}
],
"source": "security-advisories@github.com",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"current_release_date": "2026-02-05T19:23:30+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2026-25056",
"id": "CVE-2026-25056",
"initial_release_date": "2026-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "n8n Arbitrary File Write leading to RCE in n8n Merge Node",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-25056.json",
"version": "3"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-25056",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-02-05T14:23:17.587687Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-05T14:23:18.223Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "n8n",
"vendor": "n8n-io",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 1.118.0"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 2.4.0"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 1.118.0 and 2.4.0, a vulnerability in the Merge node\u0027s SQL Query mode allowed authenticated users with permission to create or modify workflows to write arbitrary files to the n8n server\u0027s filesystem potentially leading to remote code execution. This issue has been patched in versions 1.118.0 and 2.4.0."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 9.4,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-434",
"description": "CWE-434: Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-693",
"description": "CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-04T16:47:55.170Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-hv53-3329-vmrm",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-hv53-3329-vmrm"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-hv53-3329-vmrm",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "n8n Arbitrary File Write leading to RCE in n8n Merge Node"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-25056",
"datePublished": "2026-02-04T16:47:55.170Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-01-28T14:50:47.888Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-05T14:33:28.230Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
Loading…