CVE-2025-21676 (GCVE-0-2025-21676)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-31 11:25 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:53
VLAI
Title
net: fec: handle page_pool_dev_alloc_pages error
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: fec: handle page_pool_dev_alloc_pages error The fec_enet_update_cbd function calls page_pool_dev_alloc_pages but did not handle the case when it returned NULL. There was a WARN_ON(!new_page) but it would still proceed to use the NULL pointer and then crash. This case does seem somewhat rare but when the system is under memory pressure it can happen. One case where I can duplicate this with some frequency is when writing over a smbd share to a SATA HDD attached to an imx6q. Setting /proc/sys/vm/min_free_kbytes to higher values also seems to solve the problem for my test case. But it still seems wrong that the fec driver ignores the memory allocation error and can crash. This commit handles the allocation error by dropping the current packet.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-01 19:51 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-476 - NULL Pointer Dereference
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 95698ff6177b5f1f13f251da60e7348413046ae4 , < eacdcc14f3c8d4c1447565521e792ddb3a67e08d (git)
Affected: 95698ff6177b5f1f13f251da60e7348413046ae4 , < 8a0097db0544b658c159ac787319737712063a23 (git)
Affected: 95698ff6177b5f1f13f251da60e7348413046ae4 , < 1425cb829556398f594658512d49292f988a2ab0 (git)
Affected: 95698ff6177b5f1f13f251da60e7348413046ae4 , < 001ba0902046cb6c352494df610718c0763e77a5 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 6.1
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.1 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.167 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.74 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.11 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.13 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
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Show details on NVD website
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But it still seems wrong that the fec driver\\nignores the memory allocation error and can crash.\\n\\nThis commit handles the allocation error by dropping the current packet.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: net: fec: handle page_pool_dev_alloc_pages error La funci\u00f3n fec_enet_update_cbd llama a page_pool_dev_alloc_pages pero no gestion\u00f3 el caso cuando devolvi\u00f3 NULL. Hubo un WARN_ON(!new_page) pero a\u00fan as\u00ed proceder\u00eda a usar el puntero NULL y luego fallar\u00eda. Este caso parece algo raro, pero cuando el sistema est\u00e1 bajo presi\u00f3n de memoria puede suceder. Un caso en el que puedo duplicar esto con cierta frecuencia es cuando escribo sobre un recurso compartido smbd en un HDD SATA conectado a un imx6q. Establecer /proc/sys/vm/min_free_kbytes en valores m\u00e1s altos tambi\u00e9n parece resolver el problema para mi caso de prueba. 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    "redhat_vex": {
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      "current_release_date": "2026-07-30T09:41:06+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-21676",
      "id": "CVE-2025-21676",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-01-31T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: net: fec: handle page_pool_dev_alloc_pages error",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-21676.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-25T01:07:10Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-21676",
      "id": "CVE-2025-21676",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-02-01T03:47:29Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "410",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "308",
      "product_status:recommended": "363",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-21676",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-21676.json",
      "version": "59"
    },
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No local access is needed \\u2014 a remote attacker\u0027s packets both create the memory pressure and drive the RX descriptor refill that dereferences NULL.\\nAC:L - The attacker controls the triggering condition by controlling traffic volume: sustained flooding of a memory-constrained embedded target reliably drives page_pool allocation failures, and the fix\u0027s author reproduced the crash \\\"with some frequency\\\" using nothing but heavy network I/O. No specific memory layout or victim state outside the attacker\u0027s influence is required.\\nPR:N - There is no authentication, capability check, or credential gate anywhere between frame arrival and fec_enet_update_cbd() \\u2014 packet reception happens in softirq before any socket-level authorization. Unauthenticated flood traffic suffices to both induce memory pressure and supply the receive frames.\\nUI:N - The RX path runs autonomously in NAPI/softirq context whenever frames arrive; no local user has to open a file, mount anything, or take any action for the dereference to occur.\\nS:U - The fault and its consequences are confined to the kernel\u0027s own security authority on the affected host; no hypervisor, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\\nC:N - The faulting access is a read of an unmapped low address (offsetof(struct net_iov, dma_addr) off a NULL netmem), which aborts immediately rather than returning data. No kernel memory contents, pointers, or freed-object data are disclosed to the attacker.\\nI:N - There is no out-of-bounds or attacker-controlled write \\u2014 the NULL store into rx_skb_info[] is a driver-internal field and execution aborts at the subsequent load before the bogus DMA address can be committed to hardware. No control-flow hijack or data modification primitive results.\\nA:H - The NULL pointer dereference occurs in softirq/NAPI context, producing a fatal exception in interrupt context \\u2014 a kernel panic (or an immediate panic via the preceding WARN_ON under panic_on_warn), taking down the entire device. 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There was a WARN_ON(!new_page)\\nbut it would still proceed to use the NULL pointer and then crash.\\n\\nThis case does seem somewhat rare but when the system is under memory\\npressure it can happen. One case where I can duplicate this with some\\nfrequency is when writing over a smbd share to a SATA HDD attached to an\\nimx6q.\\n\\nSetting /proc/sys/vm/min_free_kbytes to higher values also seems to solve\\nthe problem for my test case. But it still seems wrong that the fec driver\\nignores the memory allocation error and can crash.\\n\\nThis commit handles the allocation error by dropping the current packet.\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.1.167\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.1\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.6.74\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.1\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.11\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.1\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.13\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.1\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T11:53:32.256Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-21676\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T11:53:32.256Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2024-12-29T08:45:45.737Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-01-31T11:25:38.126Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.