CWE-294
Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
A capture-replay flaw exists when the design of the product makes it possible for a malicious user to sniff network traffic and bypass authentication by replaying it to the server in question to the same effect as the original message (or with minor changes).
CVE-2011-20002 (GCVE-0-2011-20002)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-10-14 09:14
Modified
2025-10-14 18:58
Severity ?
7.4 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
8.3 (High) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
8.3 (High) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU V1 family (incl. SIPLUS variants) (All versions < V2.0.2), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU V2 family (incl. SIPLUS variants) (All versions < V2.0.2). Affected controllers are vulnerable to capture-replay in the communication with the engineering software. This could allow an on-path attacker between the engineering software and the controller to execute any previously recorded commands at a later time (e.g. set the controller to STOP), regardless whether or not the controller had a password configured.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU V1 family (incl. SIPLUS variants) |
Version: 0 < V2.0.2 |
|||||||
|
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CVE-2022-29878 (GCVE-0-2022-29878)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2022-05-10 09:47
Modified
2025-12-09 10:37
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in SICAM T (All versions < V3.0). Affected devices use a limited range for challenges that are sent during the unencrypted challenge-response communication. An unauthenticated attacker could capture a valid challenge-response pair generated by a legitimate user, and request the webpage repeatedly to wait for the same challenge to reappear for which the correct response is known. This could allow the attacker to access the management interface of the device.
References
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CVE-2023-45794 (GCVE-0-2023-45794)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2023-11-14 11:04
Modified
2025-12-16 18:23
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in Mendix Applications using Mendix 10 (All versions < V10.4.0), Mendix Applications using Mendix 7 (All versions < V7.23.37), Mendix Applications using Mendix 8 (All versions < V8.18.27), Mendix Applications using Mendix 9 (All versions < V9.24.10). A capture-replay flaw in the platform could have an impact to apps built with the platform, if certain preconditions are met that depend on the app's model and access control design.
This could allow authenticated attackers to access or modify objects without proper authorization, or escalate privileges in the context of the vulnerable app.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | Mendix Applications using Mendix 10 |
Version: All versions < V10.4.0 |
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CVE-2023-50786 (GCVE-0-2023-50786)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-07-05 00:00
Modified
2025-07-07 18:35
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Summary
Dradis through 4.16.0 allows referencing external images (resources) over HTTPS, instead of forcing the use of embedded (uploaded) images. This can be leveraged by an authorized author to attempt to steal the Net-NTLM hashes of other authors on a Windows domain network.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dradisframework | Dradis |
Version: 0 ≤ 4.16.0 |
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CVE-2025-30201 (GCVE-0-2025-30201)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-11-21 18:17
Modified
2025-11-22 04:55
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
Summary
Wazuh is a free and open source platform used for threat prevention, detection, and response. Prior to version 4.13.0, a vulnerability in Wazuh Agent allows authenticated attackers to force NTLM authentication through malicious UNC paths in various agent configuration settings, potentially leading NTLM relay attacks that would result privilege escalation and remote code execution. This issue has been patched in version 4.13.0.
References
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CVE-2025-35057 (GCVE-0-2025-35057)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-10-09 20:21
Modified
2025-10-10 19:33
Severity ?
6.0 (Medium) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
5.3 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
5.3 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Summary
Newforma Info Exchange (NIX) '/RemoteWeb/IntegrationServices.ashx' allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to cause NIX to make an SMB connection to an attacker-controlled system. The attacker can capture the NTLMv2 hash of the NIX service account.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newforma | Project Center |
Version: 0 < 2024.3 |
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CVE-2025-35058 (GCVE-0-2025-35058)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-10-09 20:21
Modified
2025-10-10 19:32
Severity ?
8.2 (High) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
5.9 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
5.9 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Summary
Newforma Info Exchange (NIX) '/UserWeb/Common/MarkupServices.ashx' allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to cause NIX to make an SMB connection to an attacker-controlled system. The attacker can capture the NTLMv2 hash of the customer-configured NIX service account.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newforma | Project Center |
Version: 0 < 2023.2 |
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CVE-2025-35061 (GCVE-0-2025-35061)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-10-09 20:22
Modified
2025-10-10 19:25
Severity ?
8.2 (High) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
5.9 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
5.9 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Summary
Newforma Info Exchange (NIX) '/NPCSRemoteWeb/LegacyIntegrationServices.asmx' allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to cause NIX to make an SMB connection to an attacker-controlled system. The attacker can capture the NTLMv2 hash of the user-configured NIX service account.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newforma | Project Center |
Version: 0 < 2023.2 |
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CVE-2025-36593 (GCVE-0-2025-36593)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-06-30 18:29
Modified
2025-07-01 03:55
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Summary
Dell OpenManage Network Integration, versions prior to 3.8, contains an Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in the RADIUS protocol. An attacker with local network access could potentially exploit this vulnerability to forge a valid protocol accept message in response to a failed authentication request.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dell | OpenManage Network Integration |
Version: NA ≤ |
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CVE-2025-40807 (GCVE-0-2025-40807)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-12-09 10:44
Modified
2025-12-09 16:43
Severity ?
6.3 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
5.3 (Medium) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
5.3 (Medium) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in Gridscale X Prepay (All versions < V4.2.1). The affected application is vulnerable to capture-replay of authentication tokens. This could allow an authenticated but already locked-out user to establish still valid user sessions.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | Gridscale X Prepay |
Version: 0 < V4.2.1 |
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{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-09T16:43:00.584173Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-09T16:43:08.342Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "Gridscale X Prepay",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V4.2.1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A vulnerability has been identified in Gridscale X Prepay (All versions \u003c V4.2.1). The affected application is vulnerable to capture-replay of authentication tokens. This could allow an authenticated but already locked-out user to establish still valid user sessions."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 6.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"baseScore": 5.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-294",
"description": "CWE-294: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-09T10:44:26.973Z",
"orgId": "cec7a2ec-15b4-4faf-bd53-b40f371f3a77",
"shortName": "siemens"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-356310.html"
}
]
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "cec7a2ec-15b4-4faf-bd53-b40f371f3a77",
"assignerShortName": "siemens",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-40807",
"datePublished": "2025-12-09T10:44:26.973Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T08:50:26.973Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-09T16:43:08.342Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Utilize some sequence or time stamping functionality along with a checksum which takes this into account in order to ensure that messages can be parsed only once.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Since any attacker who can listen to traffic can see sequence numbers, it is necessary to sign messages with some kind of cryptography to ensure that sequence numbers are not simply doctored along with content.
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)
This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.
CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.
CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)
An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-701: Browser in the Middle (BiTM)
An adversary exploits the inherent functionalities of a web browser, in order to establish an unnoticed remote desktop connection in the victim's browser to the adversary's system. The adversary must deploy a web client with a remote desktop session that the victim can access.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.