Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-93
AllowedImproper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product uses CRLF (carriage return line feeds) as a special element, e.g. to separate lines or records, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes CRLF sequences from inputs.
379 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-44214 (GCVE-0-2026-44214)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-26 19:34 – Updated: 2026-05-27 13:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
eventsource-encoder: SSE event injection via unsanitized event and id fields
Summary
eventsource-encoder encodes events as well-formed EventSource/Server Sent Event (SSE) messages. Prior to 1.0.2, eventsource-encoder does not sanitize the event or id fields of an EventSourceMessage before serializing them. An attacker who controls either field can inject arbitrary Server-Sent Events line terminators (\n, \r, or \r\n) and thereby forge additional SSE fields or entire messages on the stream. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.0.2.
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-27 13:19 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/rexxars/eventsource-encoder/se… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| rexxars | eventsource-encoder |
Affected:
< 1.0.2
|
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CVE-2026-44092 (GCVE-0-2026-44092)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-30 06:47 – Updated: 2026-07-30 15:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Missing input validation / stripping of CRLF characters in SystemConfigManager
Summary
An unauthenticated remote attacker can inject malicious input into the ModbusServer application because it does not validate the input it fetches from MQTT. This may lead to integrity and availability loss.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-30 14:38 UTC
CWE
- CWE-93 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phoenix Contact | CHARX SEC-3150 |
Affected:
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|
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| Phoenix Contact | CHARX SEC-3100 |
Affected:
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|
| Phoenix Contact | CHARX SEC-3050 |
Affected:
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(semver)
|
|
| Phoenix Contact | CHARX SEC-3000 |
Affected:
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(semver)
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CVE-2026-43969 (GCVE-0-2026-43969)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 18:06 – Updated: 2026-08-18 11:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cookie Request Header Injection via Unvalidated Encoder in cow_cookie:cookie/1
Summary
Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection') vulnerability in ninenines cowlib allows HTTP request splitting and cookie smuggling via unvalidated cookie name and value fields.
cow_cookie:cookie/1 in cowlib builds a client-side Cookie: request header from a list of name-value pairs without validating either field. An attacker who controls the cookie names or values passed to this function can inject ;, ,, CR, LF, or TAB characters into the serialized header. This enables two classes of attack: cookie smuggling within a single header (e.g. injecting ; admin=1 to introduce a phantom cookie that the receiving server treats as authentic) and HTTP request header splitting (injecting CRLF to append arbitrary headers or smuggle a complete second request against a shared upstream proxy). The decoder side (parse_cookie_name/1, parse_cookie_value/1) and setcookie/3 already validate and reject these characters; the encoder alone is missing the check.
This issue affects cowlib: from 2.9.0 onward.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-11 18:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-93 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/erlef/cowlib/commit/177953dd51… | patch |
| https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-43969.html | relatedthird-party-advisory |
| https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-43969 | related |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-43968 (GCVE-0-2026-43968)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 18:06 – Updated: 2026-05-12 12:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CR Injection in SSE Encoder Enables Event Splitting via cow_sse:event/1
Summary
Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection') vulnerability in ninenines cowlib allows SSE event splitting and injection via unvalidated field values.
cow_sse:event/1 in cowlib guards the id and event fields against \n but not against bare \r, and the internal prefix_lines/2 function used for data and comment fields splits only on \n. Because the SSE specification requires decoders to treat \r\n, \r, and \n as equivalent line terminators, an attacker who controls any of these fields can inject additional SSE lines and forge a complete event with an arbitrary event type and data payload on the receiving end. In typical deployments where browser EventSource clients or other SSE consumers dispatch on event.type and render event.data, this enables event splitting, client-side logic manipulation, and stored-XSS-equivalent behaviour when event data is inserted into the DOM.
This issue affects cowlib from 2.6.0 before 2.16.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-11 18:57 UTC
CWE
- CWE-93 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-43968.html | relatedthird-party-advisory |
| https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-43968 | related |
| https://github.com/ninenines/cowlib/commit/6165fc… | patch |
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CVE-2026-43882 (GCVE-0-2026-43882)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 20:40 – Updated: 2026-05-13 14:39
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WWBN AVideo: Unauthenticated CRLF/ICS Injection in Scheduler downloadICS.php Allows Calendar Event Spoofing
Summary
WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. In versions up to and including 29.0, the unauthenticated plugin/Scheduler/downloadICS.php endpoint passes attacker-controlled title, description, and joinURL parameters into Scheduler::downloadICS(), which builds an ICS calendar file via the ICS helper class. ICS::escape_string() (objects/ICS.php:167-169) only escapes , and ; and does NOT neutralize CR/LF, so attacker CRLF bytes inside a property value break out and inject arbitrary ICS lines — including END:VEVENT / BEGIN:VEVENT pairs that add entire attacker-controlled calendar events. Because the malicious .ics file is served from the victim's trusted AVideo origin, this enables high-credibility calendar phishing: forged meetings with attacker-chosen SUMMARY, URL, LOCATION, and DESCRIPTION landing in the victim's calendar after import. Commit 764db592f99e545aa86bb9a4ad664ffd14c38ba5 contains an updated fix.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-13 14:05 UTC
CWE
- CWE-93 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/commit/764db592f99… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-42586 (GCVE-0-2026-42586)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-13 18:20 – Updated: 2026-05-14 18:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Netty: CRLF Injection in Netty Redis Codec Encoder
Summary
Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.2.13.Final and 4.1.133.Final, the Netty Redis codec encoder (RedisEncoder) writes user-controlled string content directly to the network output buffer without validating or sanitizing CRLF (\r\n) characters. Since the Redis Serialization Protocol (RESP) uses CRLF as the command/response delimiter, an attacker who can control the content of a Redis message can inject arbitrary Redis commands or forge fake responses. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.13.Final and 4.1.133.Final.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-14 18:17 UTC
CWE
- CWE-93 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| netty | netty |
Affected:
>= 4.2.0.Alpha1, < 4.2.13.Final
Affected: < 4.1.133.Final |
|
| io.netty | netty-codec-redis |
Affected:
>= 4.2.0.Alpha1, < 4.2.13.Final
Affected: < 4.1.133.Final |
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"affected": [
{
"product": "netty",
"vendor": "netty",
"versions": [
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"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 4.2.0.Alpha1, \u003c 4.2.13.Final"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 4.1.133.Final"
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]
},
{
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}
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"metrics": [
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"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 6.8,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
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"userInteraction": "NONE",
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"version": "3.1"
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{
"cweId": "CWE-93",
"description": "CWE-93: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences (\u0027CRLF Injection\u0027)",
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"tags": [
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"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
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"dateReserved": "2026-04-28T17:26:12.086Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-14T18:17:23.328Z",
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CVE-2026-42258 (GCVE-0-2026-42258)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-09 19:40 – Updated: 2026-08-24 12:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
net-imap: Command Injection via unvalidated Symbol inputs
Summary
Net::IMAP implements Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) client functionality in Ruby. Prior to versions 0.4.24, 0.5.14, and 0.6.4, symbol arguments to commands are vulnerable to a CRLF Injection / IMAP Command injection via Symbol arguments passed to IMAP commands. This issue has been patched in versions 0.4.24, 0.5.14, and 0.6.4.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-11 14:57 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
27 references
Impacted products
29 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ruby | net-imap |
Affected:
< 0.4.24
Affected: >= 0.5.0, < 0.5.14 Affected: >= 0.6.0, < 0.6.4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
Unaffected:
0:4.0.3-35.el10_2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
Unaffected:
0:3.3.10-13.el10_2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:3.3.10-11.el10_0.2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support |
Unaffected:
0:2.0.0.648-39.el7_9.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
Unaffected:
8100020260615131019.489197e6 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
Unaffected:
8100020260615131010.489197e6 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support |
Unaffected:
8040020260630124058.522a0ee4 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On |
Unaffected:
8040020260630124058.522a0ee4 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support |
Unaffected:
8060020260630123825.ad008a3a , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On |
Unaffected:
8060020260630123825.ad008a3a , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service |
Unaffected:
8080020260625114827.63b34585 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
8080020260625114827.63b34585 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
0:3.0.7-167.el9_8 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
9080020260615131001.9 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
9080020260619130154.9 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:3.0.4-161.el9_2.3 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:3.0.7-162.el9_4.3 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
9040020260630065449.9 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:3.0.7-165.el9_6.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
9060020260630075016.9 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Hardened Images |
Unaffected:
4.0.5-35.hum1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Hardened Images |
Unaffected:
3.4.10-31.hum1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Hardened Images |
Unaffected:
3.3.10-23.4.hum1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_3scale_amp:2
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3
|
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CVE-2026-42257 (GCVE-0-2026-42257)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-09 19:39 – Updated: 2026-05-13 19:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
net-imap: Command Injection via "raw" arguments to multiple commands
Summary
Net::IMAP implements Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) client functionality in Ruby. Prior to versions 0.4.24, 0.5.14, and 0.6.4, several Net::IMAP commands accept a raw string argument that is sent to the server without validation or escaping. If this string is derived from user-controlled input, it may contain contain CRLF sequences, which an attacker can use to inject arbitrary IMAP commands. This issue has been patched in versions 0.4.24, 0.5.14, and 0.6.4.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-13 19:27 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/releases/tag/v0.4.24 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/releases/tag/v0.5.14 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/releases/tag/v0.6.4 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-42037 (GCVE-0-2026-42037)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-24 17:58 – Updated: 2026-04-27 17:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Axios: CRLF Injection in multipart/form-data body via unsanitized blob.type in formDataToStream
Summary
Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. From 1.0.0 to before 1.15.1, the FormDataPart constructor in lib/helpers/formDataToStream.js interpolates value.type directly into the Content-Type header of each multipart part without sanitizing CRLF (\r\n) sequences. An attacker who controls the .type property of a Blob/File-like object (e.g., via a user-uploaded file in a Node.js proxy service) can inject arbitrary MIME part headers into the multipart form-data body. This bypasses Node.js v18+ built-in header protections because the injection targets the multipart body structure, not HTTP request headers. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.15.1.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-27 17:36 UTC
CWE
- CWE-93 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
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CVE-2026-41570 (GCVE-0-2026-41570)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-08 14:33 – Updated: 2026-05-08 16:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PHPUnit: Argument injection via newline in PHP INI values forwarded to child processes
Summary
PHPUnit is a testing framework for PHP. In versions 12.5.21 and 13.1.5, PHPUnit forwards PHP INI settings to child processes (used for isolated/PHPT test execution) as -d name=value command-line arguments without neutralizing INI metacharacters. Because PHP's INI parser interprets " as a string delimiter, ; as the start of a comment, and most importantly a newline as a directive separator, a value containing a newline is parsed by the child process as multiple INI directives. An attacker able to influence a single INI value can therefore inject arbitrary additional directives into the child's configuration, including auto_prepend_file, extension, disable_functions, open_basedir, and others. Setting auto_prepend_file to an attacker-controlled path yields remote code execution in the child process. This issue has been patched in versions 12.5.22 and 13.1.6.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-08 16:01 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit/secu… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit/pull/6592 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| sebastianbergmann | phpunit |
Affected:
= 12.5.21
Affected: = 13.1.5 |
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Mitigation
Implementation
Avoid using CRLF as a special sequence.
Mitigation
Implementation
Appropriately filter or quote CRLF sequences in user-controlled input.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-81: Web Server Logs Tampering
Web Logs Tampering attacks involve an attacker injecting, deleting or otherwise tampering with the contents of web logs typically for the purposes of masking other malicious behavior. Additionally, writing malicious data to log files may target jobs, filters, reports, and other agents that process the logs in an asynchronous attack pattern. This pattern of attack is similar to "Log Injection-Tampering-Forging" except that in this case, the attack is targeting the logs of the web server and not the application.