CWE-798
Allowed-with-ReviewUse of Hard-coded Credentials
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
2175 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-23QC-J7FH-79JG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:08 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:08IBM Security Verify Access Docker 10.0.0 contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key, which it uses for its own inbound authentication, outbound communication to external components, or encryption of internal data. IBM X-Force ID:198918
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-20537"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-15T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Security Verify Access Docker 10.0.0 contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key, which it uses for its own inbound authentication, outbound communication to external components, or encryption of internal data. IBM X-Force ID:198918",
"id": "GHSA-23qc-j7fh-79jg",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:08:09Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:08:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-20537"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/198918"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6471895"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-23XF-WG9R-49FR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-21 00:00 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32The Atlassian Questions For Confluence app for Confluence Server and Data Center creates a Confluence user account in the confluence-users group with the username disabledsystemuser and a hardcoded password. A remote, unauthenticated attacker with knowledge of the hardcoded password could exploit this to log into Confluence and access all content accessible to users in the confluence-users group. This user account is created when installing versions 2.7.34, 2.7.35, and 3.0.2 of the app.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-26138"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-20T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The Atlassian Questions For Confluence app for Confluence Server and Data Center creates a Confluence user account in the confluence-users group with the username disabledsystemuser and a hardcoded password. A remote, unauthenticated attacker with knowledge of the hardcoded password could exploit this to log into Confluence and access all content accessible to users in the confluence-users group. This user account is created when installing versions 2.7.34, 2.7.35, and 3.0.2 of the app.",
"id": "GHSA-23xf-wg9r-49fr",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:34Z",
"published": "2022-07-21T00:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26138"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://confluence.atlassian.com/doc/confluence-security-advisory-2022-07-20-1142446709.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/CONFSERVER-79483"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2022-26138"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-242P-F8J8-3JMW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:50 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:50Zivif PR115-204-P-RS V2.3.4.2103 web cameras contain a hard-coded cat1029 password for the root user. The SONIX operating system's setup renders this password unchangeable and it can be used to access the device via a TELNET session.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-17107"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-12-19T02:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Zivif PR115-204-P-RS V2.3.4.2103 web cameras contain a hard-coded cat1029 password for the root user. The SONIX operating system\u0027s setup renders this password unchangeable and it can be used to access the device via a TELNET session.",
"id": "GHSA-242p-f8j8-3jmw",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:50:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:50:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-17107"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://twitter.com/silascutler/status/938052460328968192"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/145386/Zivif-PR115-204-P-RS-2.3.4.2103-Bypass-Command-Injection-Hardcoded-Password.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2017/Dec/42"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-244F-3H24-62FJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:01 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:01An exploitable Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability exists in the Moxa AWK-3131A Wireless Access Point running firmware 1.1. The device operating system contains an undocumented, privileged (root) account with hard-coded credentials, giving attackers full control of affected devices.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-8717"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-04-02T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An exploitable Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability exists in the Moxa AWK-3131A Wireless Access Point running firmware 1.1. The device operating system contains an undocumented, privileged (root) account with hard-coded credentials, giving attackers full control of affected devices.",
"id": "GHSA-244f-3h24-62fj",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:01:09Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:01:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-8717"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2016-0231"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-24CV-MGP7-4XJV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:02 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:41FreeSWITCH 1.6.10 through 1.10.1 has a default password in event_socket.conf.xml.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-19492"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-12-02T02:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "FreeSWITCH 1.6.10 through 1.10.1 has a default password in event_socket.conf.xml.",
"id": "GHSA-24cv-mgp7-4xjv",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:41:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:02:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19492"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47698"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-24QQ-8VC9-WP3M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:30 – Updated: 2024-08-09 00:31TOTOLINK CP450 V4.1.0cu.747_B20191224 was discovered to contain a vulnerability in the SetTelnetCfg function, which allows attackers to log in through telnet.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-34219"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T15:38:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK CP450 V4.1.0cu.747_B20191224 was discovered to contain a vulnerability in the SetTelnetCfg function, which allows attackers to log in through telnet.",
"id": "GHSA-24qq-8vc9-wp3m",
"modified": "2024-08-09T00:31:20Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T18:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-34219"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n0wstr/IOTVuln/tree/main/CP450/SetTelnetCfg"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-24WM-CQX7-GV2J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-04 19:01 – Updated: 2022-11-08 19:00A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Email Security Appliance, Cisco Secure Email and Web Manager and Cisco Secure Web Appliance could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to elevate privileges on an affected system. The attacker needs valid credentials to exploit this vulnerability. This vulnerability is due to the use of a hardcoded value to encrypt a token used for certain APIs calls . An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by authenticating to the device and sending a crafted HTTP request. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to impersonate another valid user and execute commands with the privileges of that user account.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-20868"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-321",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-04T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Email Security Appliance, Cisco Secure Email and Web Manager and Cisco Secure Web Appliance could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to elevate privileges on an affected system. The attacker needs valid credentials to exploit this vulnerability. This vulnerability is due to the use of a hardcoded value to encrypt a token used for certain APIs calls . An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by authenticating to the device and sending a crafted HTTP request. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to impersonate another valid user and execute commands with the privileges of that user account.",
"id": "GHSA-24wm-cqx7-gv2j",
"modified": "2022-11-08T19:00:24Z",
"published": "2022-11-04T19:01:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20868"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-esasmawsa-vulns-YRuSW5mD"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-esasmawsa-vulns-YRuSW5mD"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-255M-X7W5-9W65
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-06 06:31 – Updated: 2025-05-22 21:30Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in ABB ASPECT-Enterprise, ABB NEXUS Series, ABB MATRIX Series.This issue affects ASPECT-Enterprise: through 3.08.03; NEXUS Series: through 3.08.03; MATRIX Series: through 3.08.03.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-51547"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-312",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-06T05:15:12Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in ABB ASPECT-Enterprise, ABB NEXUS Series, ABB MATRIX Series.This issue affects ASPECT-Enterprise: through 3.08.03; NEXUS Series: through 3.08.03; MATRIX Series: through 3.08.03.",
"id": "GHSA-255m-x7w5-9w65",
"modified": "2025-05-22T21:30:42Z",
"published": "2025-02-06T06:31:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-51547"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://search.abb.com/library/Download.aspx?DocumentID=9AKK108470A6775\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=pdf%20-%20Public%20Advisory\u0026Action=Launch"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://search.abb.com/library/Download.aspx?DocumentID=9AKK108471A0021\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=pdf\u0026Action=Launch"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-258V-4JJF-2GPC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:52 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:52Swann SWWHD-INTCAM-HD devices have the twipc root password, leading to FTP access as root.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-20955"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-08-08T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Swann SWWHD-INTCAM-HD devices have the twipc root password, leading to FTP access as root.",
"id": "GHSA-258v-4jjf-2gpc",
"modified": "2022-05-24T16:52:51Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:52:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-20955"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.pentestpartners.com/security-blog/hacking-swann-home-security-camera-video"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.swann.com/au/safe-by-swann-upgrade"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-25Q5-CV5R-QPP9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:28 – Updated: 2022-05-24 22:28Brocade SANnav before version 2.1.1 uses a hard-coded administrator account with the weak password ‘passw0rd’ if a password is not provided for PostgreSQL at install-time.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-15382"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-09T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Brocade SANnav before version 2.1.1 uses a hard-coded administrator account with the weak password \u2018passw0rd\u2019 if a password is not provided for PostgreSQL at install-time.",
"id": "GHSA-25q5-cv5r-qpp9",
"modified": "2022-05-24T22:28:02Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T22:28:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15382"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.broadcom.com/support/fibre-channel-networking/security-advisories/brocade-security-advisory-2021-1484"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
- For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
- In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
Mitigation
If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
Mitigation
- For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
- Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
- For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
- The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
- Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
- Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable
An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.
CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords
An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.