Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-787

Allowed-with-Review

Out-of-bounds Write

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

15398 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-73FQ-2W5V-3MGM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-08-06 00:00
VLAI
Details

Acrobat Reader DC versions versions 2020.013.20074 (and earlier), 2020.001.30018 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30188 (and earlier) are affected by a Memory corruption vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted PDF file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-21058"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787",
      "CWE-788"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-02-11T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Acrobat Reader DC versions versions 2020.013.20074 (and earlier), 2020.001.30018 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30188 (and earlier) are affected by a Memory corruption vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted PDF file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
  "id": "GHSA-73fq-2w5v-3mgm",
  "modified": "2022-08-06T00:00:38Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:41:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21058"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb21-09.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-73G2-FG3C-4VX6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-05 06:30 – Updated: 2024-02-09 03:33
VLAI
Details

In ged, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an integer overflow. This could lead to local denial of service with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation Patch ID: ALPS07835901; Issue ID: ALPS07835901.

Severity
4.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-20016"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-05T06:15:47Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In ged, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an integer overflow. This could lead to local denial of service with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation Patch ID: ALPS07835901; Issue ID: ALPS07835901.",
  "id": "GHSA-73g2-fg3c-4vx6",
  "modified": "2024-02-09T03:33:01Z",
  "published": "2024-02-05T06:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20016"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/February-2024"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-73G9-PVG4-G265

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-15 18:31 – Updated: 2024-08-01 15:32
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in /goform/SetStaticRouteCfg in the sub_519F4 function in Tenda AX1806 1.0.0.1 firmware leads to stack-based buffer overflow.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-40415"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-120",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-15T18:15:05Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in /goform/SetStaticRouteCfg in the sub_519F4 function in Tenda AX1806 1.0.0.1 firmware leads to stack-based buffer overflow.",
  "id": "GHSA-73g9-pvg4-g265",
  "modified": "2024-08-01T15:32:00Z",
  "published": "2024-07-15T18:31:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40415"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Feng-ZZ-pwn/IOT/blob/main/Tenda%20AX_1806/4/SetStaticRouteCfg.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-73GG-QJFG-4G7X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-08 21:31 – Updated: 2025-04-08 21:31
VLAI
Details

Adobe Framemaker versions 2020.8, 2022.6 and earlier are affected by a Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30295"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-08T19:15:49Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Framemaker versions 2020.8, 2022.6 and earlier are affected by a Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
  "id": "GHSA-73gg-qjfg-4g7x",
  "modified": "2025-04-08T21:31:39Z",
  "published": "2025-04-08T21:31:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30295"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/framemaker/apsb25-33.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-73GM-RWRW-QWV2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:18 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:18
VLAI
Details

A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka "Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability." This affects Microsoft Edge, ChakraCore. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-0945, CVE-2018-0946, CVE-2018-0951, CVE-2018-0954, CVE-2018-0955, CVE-2018-1022, CVE-2018-8114, CVE-2018-8122, CVE-2018-8128, CVE-2018-8137, CVE-2018-8139.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-0953"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-05-09T19:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka \"Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability.\" This affects Microsoft Edge, ChakraCore. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-0945, CVE-2018-0946, CVE-2018-0951, CVE-2018-0954, CVE-2018-0955, CVE-2018-1022, CVE-2018-8114, CVE-2018-8122, CVE-2018-8128, CVE-2018-8137, CVE-2018-8139.",
  "id": "GHSA-73gm-rwrw-qwv2",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:18:38Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:18:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-0953"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-0953"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44694"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/103990"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040844"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-73PH-JQMG-J67J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-05 15:30 – Updated: 2022-12-06 21:30
VLAI
Details

In Wi-Fi, there is a possible out of bounds write due to improper input validation. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07453613; Issue ID: ALPS07453613.

Severity
6.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-32631"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-20",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-05T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In Wi-Fi, there is a possible out of bounds write due to improper input validation. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07453613; Issue ID: ALPS07453613.",
  "id": "GHSA-73ph-jqmg-j67j",
  "modified": "2022-12-06T21:30:46Z",
  "published": "2022-12-05T15:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32631"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/December-2022"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-73PX-657P-5PQG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-02 21:32 – Updated: 2024-10-24 18:30
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in Realtek RtsPer driver for PCIe Card Reader (RtsPer.sys) before 10.0.22000.21355 and Realtek RtsUer driver for USB Card Reader (RtsUer.sys) before 10.0.22000.31274 allows writing to kernel memory beyond the SystemBuffer of the IRP.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-25480"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-02T19:15:12Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in Realtek RtsPer driver for PCIe Card Reader (RtsPer.sys) before 10.0.22000.21355 and Realtek RtsUer driver for USB Card Reader (RtsUer.sys) before 10.0.22000.31274 allows writing to kernel memory beyond the SystemBuffer of the IRP.",
  "id": "GHSA-73px-657p-5pqg",
  "modified": "2024-10-24T18:30:40Z",
  "published": "2024-07-02T21:32:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-25480"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/zwclose/feb16f1424779a61cb1d9f6d5681408a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.realtek.com/images/safe-report/Realtek_RtsPer_RtsUer_Security_Advisory_Report.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://zwclose.github.io/2024/10/14/rtsper1.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://realtek.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-73R6-M67X-P64X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:06 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:06
VLAI
Details

Multiple stack buffer overflow vulnerabilities in Jensen of Scandinavia AS Air:Link 3G (AL3G) version 2.23m (Rev. 3), Air:Link 5000AC (AL5000AC) version 1.13, and Air:Link 59300 (AL59300) version 1.04 (Rev. 4) devices allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or crash the web service via the (1) ateFunc, (2) ateGain, (3) ateTxCount, (4) ateChan, (5) ateRate, (6) ateMacID, (7) e2pTxPower1, (8) e2pTxPower2, (9) e2pTxPower3, (10) e2pTxPower4, (11) e2pTxPower5, (12) e2pTxPower6, (13) e2pTxPower7, (14) e2pTx2Power1, (15) e2pTx2Power2, (16) e2pTx2Power3, (17) e2pTx2Power4, (18) e2pTx2Power5, (19) e2pTx2Power6, (20) e2pTx2Power7, (21) ateTxFreqOffset, (22) ateMode, (23) ateBW, (24) ateAntenna, (25) e2pTxFreqOffset, (26) e2pTxPwDeltaB, (27) e2pTxPwDeltaG, (28) e2pTxPwDeltaMix, (29) e2pTxPwDeltaN, and (30) readE2P parameters of the /goform/formWlanMP endpoint.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-10273"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-03-26T05:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Multiple stack buffer overflow vulnerabilities in Jensen of Scandinavia AS Air:Link 3G (AL3G) version 2.23m (Rev. 3), Air:Link 5000AC (AL5000AC) version 1.13, and Air:Link 59300 (AL59300) version 1.04 (Rev. 4) devices allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or crash the web service via the (1) ateFunc, (2) ateGain, (3) ateTxCount, (4) ateChan, (5) ateRate, (6) ateMacID, (7) e2pTxPower1, (8) e2pTxPower2, (9) e2pTxPower3, (10) e2pTxPower4, (11) e2pTxPower5, (12) e2pTxPower6, (13) e2pTxPower7, (14) e2pTx2Power1, (15) e2pTx2Power2, (16) e2pTx2Power3, (17) e2pTx2Power4, (18) e2pTx2Power5, (19) e2pTx2Power6, (20) e2pTx2Power7, (21) ateTxFreqOffset, (22) ateMode, (23) ateBW, (24) ateAntenna, (25) e2pTxFreqOffset, (26) e2pTxPwDeltaB, (27) e2pTxPwDeltaG, (28) e2pTxPwDeltaMix, (29) e2pTxPwDeltaN, and (30) readE2P parameters of the /goform/formWlanMP endpoint.",
  "id": "GHSA-73r6-m67x-p64x",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:06:02Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:06:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-10273"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.riskbasedsecurity.com/research/RBS-2016-004.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-73R8-8QF6-2HX8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:29 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:29
VLAI
Details

Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.329 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.306 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.569 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.260, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.260, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.260 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-0964, CVE-2016-0965, CVE-2016-0966, CVE-2016-0967, CVE-2016-0968, CVE-2016-0970, CVE-2016-0972, CVE-2016-0976, CVE-2016-0977, CVE-2016-0978, CVE-2016-0979, CVE-2016-0980, and CVE-2016-0981.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-0969"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-119",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-02-10T20:59:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.329 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.306 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.569 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.260, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.260, and Adobe AIR SDK \u0026 Compiler before 20.0.0.260 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-0964, CVE-2016-0965, CVE-2016-0966, CVE-2016-0967, CVE-2016-0968, CVE-2016-0970, CVE-2016-0972, CVE-2016-0976, CVE-2016-0977, CVE-2016-0978, CVE-2016-0979, CVE-2016-0980, and CVE-2016-0981.",
  "id": "GHSA-73r8-8qf6-2hx8",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T03:29:31Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T03:29:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-0969"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb16-04.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201603-07"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-02/msg00025.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-02/msg00027.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-02/msg00029.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-02/msg00030.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-0166.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1034970"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-73RC-8QCM-V2WX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:47 – Updated: 2022-10-24 19:00
VLAI
Details

A flaw was found in Exiv2 in versions before and including 0.27.4-RC1. Improper input validation of the rawData.size property in Jp2Image::readMetadata() in jp2image.cpp can lead to a heap-based buffer overflow via a crafted JPG image containing malicious EXIF data.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-3482"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-119",
      "CWE-20",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-08T23:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in Exiv2 in versions before and including 0.27.4-RC1. Improper input validation of the rawData.size property in Jp2Image::readMetadata() in jp2image.cpp can lead to a heap-based buffer overflow via a crafted JPG image containing malicious EXIF data.",
  "id": "GHSA-73rc-8qcm-v2wx",
  "modified": "2022-10-24T19:00:23Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:47:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3482"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1946314"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/08/msg00028.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2XQT5F5IINTDYDAFGVGQZ7PMMLG7I5ZZ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/P2A5GMJEXQ5Q76JK6F6VKK5JYCLVFGKN"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4958"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
  • Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
  • Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
  • Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
  • When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
  • Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
  • If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation

Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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