CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15398 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-73RM-3Q3V-37G4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-23 15:31 – Updated: 2026-02-26 21:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
KVM: s390: Fix gmap_helper_zap_one_page() again
A few checks were missing in gmap_helper_zap_one_page(), which can lead to memory corruption in the guest under specific circumstances.
Add the missing checks.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-71155"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-23T15:16:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nKVM: s390: Fix gmap_helper_zap_one_page() again\n\nA few checks were missing in gmap_helper_zap_one_page(), which can lead\nto memory corruption in the guest under specific circumstances.\n\nAdd the missing checks.",
"id": "GHSA-73rm-3q3v-37g4",
"modified": "2026-02-26T21:31:27Z",
"published": "2026-01-23T15:31:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-71155"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2af2abbcbf8573100288e8f8aea2dab8a2a0ceb7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f393c228cc519ddf19b8c6c05bf15723241aa96"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-73RP-2374-FCQG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:10 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:10IBM Tivoli Workload Scheduler 9.4 and 9.5 is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, caused by improper bounds checking. A local attacker could overflow a buffer and gain lower level privileges. IBM X-Force ID: 194599.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-20349"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-09T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Tivoli Workload Scheduler 9.4 and 9.5 is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, caused by improper bounds checking. A local attacker could overflow a buffer and gain lower level privileges. IBM X-Force ID: 194599.",
"id": "GHSA-73rp-2374-fcqg",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:10:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:10:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-20349"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/194599"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6479347"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-73VC-G45M-99M9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-07 18:31 – Updated: 2025-09-23 15:31An out-of-bounds write vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers who have gained administrator access to modify or corrupt memory.
QTS 5.2.x/QuTS hero h5.2.x are not affected.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.1.9.2954 build 20241120 and later QuTS hero h5.1.9.2954 build 20241120 and later
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-38638"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-07T17:15:18Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers who have gained administrator access to modify or corrupt memory.\n\nQTS 5.2.x/QuTS hero h5.2.x are not affected.\n\nWe have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:\nQTS 5.1.9.2954 build 20241120 and later\nQuTS hero h5.1.9.2954 build 20241120 and later",
"id": "GHSA-73vc-g45m-99m9",
"modified": "2025-09-23T15:31:08Z",
"published": "2025-03-07T18:31:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38638"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-24-52"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-73VQ-553Q-PMH8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:11 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:11The psh_glyph_find_strong_points function in pshinter/pshalgo.c in FreeType before 2.4.0 does not properly implement hinting masks, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted font file that triggers an invalid free operation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-2498"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-08-19T18:00:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The psh_glyph_find_strong_points function in pshinter/pshalgo.c in FreeType before 2.4.0 does not properly implement hinting masks, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted font file that triggers an invalid free operation.",
"id": "GHSA-73vq-553q-pmh8",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:11:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:11:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-2498"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=613160"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://savannah.nongnu.org/bugs/?30106"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/freetype/freetype2.git/commit/?id=8d22746c9e5af80ff4304aef440986403a5072e2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2010//Nov/msg00000.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.nongnu.org/archive/html/freetype/2010-07/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=oss-security\u0026m=127905701201340\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=oss-security\u0026m=127909326909362\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/48951"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securitytracker.com/id?1024266"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4435"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2010/dsa-2070"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2010:137"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2010-0578.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-963-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-73VQ-GV6J-QXX9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:44In dmc, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS08668110; Issue ID: MSV-1333.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-20074"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-03T02:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In dmc, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS08668110; Issue ID: MSV-1333.",
"id": "GHSA-73vq-gv6j-qxx9",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:44:05Z",
"published": "2024-06-03T03:31:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20074"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/June-2024"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-73WV-JFXJ-49V9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-02 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-28 09:31In onTransact of IDrmManagerService.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-0010"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-02T19:16:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In onTransact of IDrmManagerService.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-73wv-jfxj-49v9",
"modified": "2026-07-28T09:31:28Z",
"published": "2026-03-02T21:31:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0010"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/2026/2026-03-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2026-03-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/07/28/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-73WW-64HW-VHW7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-15 15:30 – Updated: 2025-10-15 15:30When the database variable tm.tcpudptxchecksum is configured as non-default value Software-only on a BIG-IP system, undisclosed traffic can cause the Traffic Management Microkernel (TMM) to terminate. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-58096"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-15T14:15:52Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "When the database variable tm.tcpudptxchecksum\u00a0is configured as non-default value Software-only\u00a0on a BIG-IP system, undisclosed traffic can cause the Traffic Management Microkernel (TMM) to terminate.\u00a0 Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.",
"id": "GHSA-73ww-64hw-vhw7",
"modified": "2025-10-15T15:30:28Z",
"published": "2025-10-15T15:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58096"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://my.f5.com/manage/s/article/K000156691"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-73XG-5C69-2755
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-06 12:30 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
initramfs: avoid filename buffer overrun
The initramfs filename field is defined in Documentation/driver-api/early-userspace/buffer-format.rst as:
37 cpio_file := ALGN(4) + cpio_header + filename + "\0" + ALGN(4) + data ... 55 ============= ================== ========================= 56 Field name Field size Meaning 57 ============= ================== ========================= ... 70 c_namesize 8 bytes Length of filename, including final \0
When extracting an initramfs cpio archive, the kernel's do_name() path handler assumes a zero-terminated path at @collected, passing it directly to filp_open() / init_mkdir() / init_mknod().
If a specially crafted cpio entry carries a non-zero-terminated filename and is followed by uninitialized memory, then a file may be created with trailing characters that represent the uninitialized memory. The ability to create an initramfs entry would imply already having full control of the system, so the buffer overrun shouldn't be considered a security vulnerability.
Append the output of the following bash script to an existing initramfs and observe any created /initramfs_test_fname_overrunAA* path. E.g. ./reproducer.sh | gzip >> /myinitramfs
It's easiest to observe non-zero uninitialized memory when the output is gzipped, as it'll overflow the heap allocated @out_buf in __gunzip(), rather than the initrd_start+initrd_size block.
---- reproducer.sh ---- nilchar="A" # change to "\0" to properly zero terminate / pad magic="070701" ino=1 mode=$(( 0100777 )) uid=0 gid=0 nlink=1 mtime=1 filesize=0 devmajor=0 devminor=1 rdevmajor=0 rdevminor=0 csum=0 fname="initramfs_test_fname_overrun" namelen=$(( ${#fname} + 1 )) # plus one to account for terminator
printf "%s%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%s" \ $magic $ino $mode $uid $gid $nlink $mtime $filesize \ $devmajor $devminor $rdevmajor $rdevminor $namelen $csum $fname
termpadlen=$(( 1 + ((4 - ((110 + $namelen) & 3)) % 4) )) printf "%.s${nilchar}" $(seq 1 $termpadlen) ---- reproducer.sh ----
Symlink filename fields handled in do_symlink() won't overrun past the data segment, due to the explicit zero-termination of the symlink target.
Fix filename buffer overrun by aborting the initramfs FSM if any cpio entry doesn't carry a zero-terminator at the expected (name_len - 1) offset.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-53142"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-06T10:15:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ninitramfs: avoid filename buffer overrun\n\nThe initramfs filename field is defined in\nDocumentation/driver-api/early-userspace/buffer-format.rst as:\n\n 37 cpio_file := ALGN(4) + cpio_header + filename + \"\\0\" + ALGN(4) + data\n...\n 55 ============= ================== =========================\n 56 Field name Field size Meaning\n 57 ============= ================== =========================\n...\n 70 c_namesize 8 bytes Length of filename, including final \\0\n\nWhen extracting an initramfs cpio archive, the kernel\u0027s do_name() path\nhandler assumes a zero-terminated path at @collected, passing it\ndirectly to filp_open() / init_mkdir() / init_mknod().\n\nIf a specially crafted cpio entry carries a non-zero-terminated filename\nand is followed by uninitialized memory, then a file may be created with\ntrailing characters that represent the uninitialized memory. The ability\nto create an initramfs entry would imply already having full control of\nthe system, so the buffer overrun shouldn\u0027t be considered a security\nvulnerability.\n\nAppend the output of the following bash script to an existing initramfs\nand observe any created /initramfs_test_fname_overrunAA* path. E.g.\n ./reproducer.sh | gzip \u003e\u003e /myinitramfs\n\nIt\u0027s easiest to observe non-zero uninitialized memory when the output is\ngzipped, as it\u0027ll overflow the heap allocated @out_buf in __gunzip(),\nrather than the initrd_start+initrd_size block.\n\n---- reproducer.sh ----\nnilchar=\"A\"\t# change to \"\\0\" to properly zero terminate / pad\nmagic=\"070701\"\nino=1\nmode=$(( 0100777 ))\nuid=0\ngid=0\nnlink=1\nmtime=1\nfilesize=0\ndevmajor=0\ndevminor=1\nrdevmajor=0\nrdevminor=0\ncsum=0\nfname=\"initramfs_test_fname_overrun\"\nnamelen=$(( ${#fname} + 1 ))\t# plus one to account for terminator\n\nprintf \"%s%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%08x%s\" \\\n\t$magic $ino $mode $uid $gid $nlink $mtime $filesize \\\n\t$devmajor $devminor $rdevmajor $rdevminor $namelen $csum $fname\n\ntermpadlen=$(( 1 + ((4 - ((110 + $namelen) \u0026 3)) % 4) ))\nprintf \"%.s${nilchar}\" $(seq 1 $termpadlen)\n---- reproducer.sh ----\n\nSymlink filename fields handled in do_symlink() won\u0027t overrun past the\ndata segment, due to the explicit zero-termination of the symlink\ntarget.\n\nFix filename buffer overrun by aborting the initramfs FSM if any cpio\nentry doesn\u0027t carry a zero-terminator at the expected (name_len - 1)\noffset.",
"id": "GHSA-73xg-5c69-2755",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:31:42Z",
"published": "2024-12-06T12:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-53142"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1a423bbbeaf9e3e20c4686501efd9b661fe834db"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/49d01e736c3045319e030d1e75fb983011abaca7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6983b8ac787b3add5571cda563574932a59a99bb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bb7ac96670ab1d8d681015f9d66e45dad579af4d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c509b1acbd867d9e09580fe059a924cb5825afb1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d3df9f26cff97beaa5643e551031795d5d5cddbe"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e017671f534dd3f568db9e47b0583e853d2da9b5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f892ddcf9f645380c358e73653cb0900f6bc9eb8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fb83b093f75806333b6f4ae29b158d2e0e3ec971"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00002.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-73XM-G45V-F47F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-01 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-17 00:04ARM astcenc 3.2.0 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in function encode_ise().
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-44331"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-28T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "ARM astcenc 3.2.0 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in function encode_ise().",
"id": "GHSA-73xm-g45v-f47f",
"modified": "2022-03-17T00:04:45Z",
"published": "2022-03-01T00:00:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44331"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ARM-software/astc-encoder/issues/294"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-73XM-HX7J-FF35
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:43 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:43Heap buffer overflow in WebAudio in Google Chrome prior to 89.0.4389.72 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-21160"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-03-09T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap buffer overflow in WebAudio in Google Chrome prior to 89.0.4389.72 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-73xm-hx7j-ff35",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:43:54Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:43:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21160"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2021/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1170531"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BBT54RKAE5XLMWSHLVUKJ7T2XHHYMXLH"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/FE5SIKEVYTMDCC5OSXGOM2KRPYLHYMQX"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LCIDZ77XUDMB2EBPPWCQXPEIJERDNSNT"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202104-08"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4886"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2021-1235"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.