Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-77

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.

5383 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2025-52483 (GCVE-0-2025-52483)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-25 16:39 – Updated: 2025-06-26 14:38
VLAI
Title
Registrator.jl Vulnerable to Argument Injection and Command Injection
Summary
Registrator is a GitHub app that automates creation of registration pull requests for julia packages to the General registry. Prior to version 1.9.5, if the clone URL returned by GitHub is malicious (or can be injected using upstream vulnerabilities) a shell script injection can occur within the `withpasswd` function. Alternatively, an argument injection is possible in the `gettreesha `function. either of these can then lead to a potential RCE. Users should upgrade immediately to v1.9.5 to receive a fix. All prior versions are vulnerable. No known workarounds are available.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-49836 (GCVE-0-2025-49836)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-15 20:31 – Updated: 2025-07-16 13:54
VLAI
Title
GHSL-2025-048: GPT-SoVITS Command Injection vulnerability
Summary
GPT-SoVITS-WebUI is a voice conversion and text-to-speech webUI. In versions 20250228v3 and prior, there is a command injection vulnerability in webui.py change_label function. path_list takes user input, which is passed to the change_label function, which concatenates the user input into a command and runs it on the server, leading to arbitrary command execution. At time of publication, no known patched versions are available.
Severity
8.9 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RVC-Boss GPT-SoVITS Affected: <= 20250228v3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-49835 (GCVE-0-2025-49835)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-15 20:29 – Updated: 2025-07-16 13:55
VLAI
Title
GHSL-2025-047: GPT-SoVITS Command Injection vulnerability
Summary
GPT-SoVITS-WebUI is a voice conversion and text-to-speech webUI. In versions 20250228v3 and prior, there is a command injection vulnerability in webui.py open_asr function. asr_inp_dir (and a number of other variables) takes user input, which is passed to the open_asr function, which concatenates the user input into a command and runs it on the server, leading to arbitrary command execution. At time of publication, no known patched versions are available.
Severity
8.9 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RVC-Boss GPT-SoVITS Affected: <= 20250228v3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-49834 (GCVE-0-2025-49834)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-15 20:25 – Updated: 2025-07-16 14:01
VLAI
Title
GHSL-2025-046: GPT-SoVITS Command Injection vulnerability
Summary
GPT-SoVITS-WebUI is a voice conversion and text-to-speech webUI. In versions 20250228v3 and prior, there is a command injection vulnerability in webui.py open_denoise function. denoise_inp_dir and denoise_opt_dir take user input, which is passed to the open_denoise function, which concatenates the user input into a command and runs it on the server, leading to arbitrary command execution. At time of publication, no known patched versions are available.
Severity
8.9 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RVC-Boss GPT-SoVITS Affected: <= 20250228v3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-49833 (GCVE-0-2025-49833)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-15 20:22 – Updated: 2025-07-16 14:02
VLAI
Title
GHSL-2025-045: GPT-SoVITS Command Injection vulnerability
Summary
GPT-SoVITS-WebUI is a voice conversion and text-to-speech webUI. In versions 20250228v3 and prior, there is a command injection vulnerability in the webui.py open_slice function. slice_opt_root and slice-inp-path takes user input, which is passed to the open_slice function, which concatenates the user input into a command and runs it on the server, leading to arbitrary command execution. At time of publication, no known patched versions are available.
Severity
8.9 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
RVC-Boss GPT-SoVITS Affected: <= 20250228v3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-49823 (GCVE-0-2025-49823)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-17 02:21 – Updated: 2025-06-17 15:52
VLAI
Title
Conda Constructor Command Injection via Unsanitized User Input (Low)
Summary
(conda) Constructor is a tool which allows constructing an installer for a collection of conda packages. Prior to version 3.11.3, shell installer scripts process the installation prefix (user_prefix) using an eval statement, which executes unsanitized user input as shell code. Although the script runs with user privileges (not root), an attacker could exploit this by injecting arbitrary commands through a malicious path during installation. Exploitation requires explicit user action. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.3.
Severity
0 (None)
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
conda constructor Affected: < 3.11.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-48492 (GCVE-0-2025-48492)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-30 06:13 – Updated: 2025-05-30 12:25
VLAI
Title
GetSimple CMS RCE in Edit component
Summary
GetSimple CMS is a content management system. In versions starting from 3.3.16 to 3.3.21, an authenticated user with access to the Edit component can inject arbitrary PHP into a component file and execute it via a crafted query string, resulting in Remote Code Execution (RCE). This issue is set to be patched in version 3.3.22.
Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GetSimpleCMS-CE GetSimpleCMS-CE Affected: >= 3.3.16, <= 3.3.21
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-47959 (GCVE-0-2025-47959)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-13 01:10 – Updated: 2026-02-20 16:01
VLAI
Title
Visual Studio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Visual Studio allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-06-10 07:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-46816 (GCVE-0-2025-46816)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-06 18:41 – Updated: 2025-05-06 19:23
VLAI
Title
goshs route not protected, allows command execution
Summary
goshs is a SimpleHTTPServer written in Go. Starting in version 0.3.4 and prior to version 1.0.5, running goshs without arguments makes it possible for anyone to execute commands on the server. The function `dispatchReadPump` does not checks the option cli `-c`, thus allowing anyone to execute arbitrary command through the use of websockets. Version 1.0.5 fixes the issue.
Severity
9.4 (Critical)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
patrickhener goshs Affected: >= 0.3.4, < 1.0.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-46735 (GCVE-0-2025-46735)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-06 17:00 – Updated: 2025-05-06 19:48
VLAI
Title
Terraform WinDNS Provider improperly sanitizes input variables in `windns_record`
Summary
Terraform WinDNS Provider allows users to manage their Windows DNS server resources through Terraform. A security issue has been found in Terraform WinDNS Provider before version `1.0.5`. The `windns_record` resource did not sanitize the input variables. This could lead to authenticated command injection in the underlyding powershell command prompt. Version 1.0.5 contains a fix for the issue.
Severity
1.1 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:U
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.

Mitigation
Implementation

If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Operation

Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.

Mitigation
System Configuration

Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.

CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection

An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.

CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters

An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.

CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection

An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.

CAPEC-248: Command Injection

An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.

CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices

This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.

CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers

An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.

CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files

Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

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