Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-602
Allowed-with-ReviewClient-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product is composed of a server that relies on the client to implement a mechanism that is intended to protect the server.
231 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-14687 (GCVE-0-2025-14687)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-26 13:21 – Updated: 2025-12-26 14:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security in IBM Db2 Intelligence Center
Summary
IBM Db2 Intelligence Center 1.1.0, 1.1.1, 1.1.2 could allow an authenticated user to perform unauthorized actions due to client-side enforcement of sever side security mechanisms.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7255160 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Db2 Intelligence Center |
Affected:
1.1.0, 1.1.1, 1.1.2
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-14687",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-26T14:37:05.290546Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-26T14:37:13.233Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "Db2 Intelligence Center",
"vendor": "IBM",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.1.0, 1.1.1, 1.1.2"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eIBM Db2 Intelligence Center 1.1.0, 1.1.1, 1.1.2 could allow an authenticated user to perform unauthorized actions due to client-side enforcement of sever side security mechanisms.\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "IBM Db2 Intelligence Center 1.1.0, 1.1.1, 1.1.2 could allow an authenticated user to perform unauthorized actions due to client-side enforcement of sever side security mechanisms."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 4.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-602",
"description": "CWE-602 Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-26T13:42:30.764Z",
"orgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522",
"shortName": "ibm"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7255160"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProduct\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVersion impacted\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRemediation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cp\u003eIBM Db2 Intelligence Center\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.1.0, 1.1.1, 1.1.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cp\u003eUpgrade to: IBM Db2 Intelligence Center 1.1.3.0\u003cbr\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/swg/selectFixes?parent=ibm%7EOther%20software\u0026amp;product=ibm/Information+Management/IBM+Db2+Intelligence+Center\u0026amp;release=1.1.3.1\u0026amp;platform=All\u0026amp;function=all\"\u003ehttps://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/swg/selectFixes?parent=ibm%7EOther%20software\u0026amp;product=ibm/Information+Management/IBM+Db2+Intelligence+Center\u0026amp;release=1.1.3.1\u0026amp;platform=All\u0026amp;function=all\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tbody\u003e\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Product\n\nVersion impacted\n\nRemediation\n\nIBM Db2 Intelligence Center\n\n1.1.0, 1.1.1, 1.1.2\n\nUpgrade to: IBM Db2 Intelligence Center 1.1.3.0\n https://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/swg/selectFixes?parent=ibm%7EOther%20software\u0026product=ibm/Information+Management/IBM+Db2+Intelligence+Center\u0026release=1.1.3.1\u0026platform=All\u0026function=all"
}
],
"title": "Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security in IBM Db2 Intelligence Center",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "ibm-cvegen"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522",
"assignerShortName": "ibm",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-14687",
"datePublished": "2025-12-26T13:21:33.403Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-12-13T21:53:58.617Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-26T14:37:13.233Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-12788 (GCVE-0-2025-12788)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-11 11:03 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Hydra Booking – All in One Appointment Booking System | Appointment Scheduling, Booking Calendar & WooCommerce Bookings <= 1.1.27 - Missing Payment Verification to Unauthenticated Payment Bypass
Summary
The Hydra Booking — Appointment Scheduling & Booking Calendar plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to missing payment verification to unauthenticated payment bypass in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.27. This is due to the plugin accepting client-controlled payment confirmation data in the tfhb_meeting_paypal_payment_confirmation_callback function without server-side verification with PayPal's API. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to bypass payment requirements and confirm bookings as paid without any actual payment transaction occurring.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| themefic | Hydra Booking — Appointment Scheduling & Booking Calendar |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.1.27
(semver)
|
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-12788",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-11-14T15:24:02.399959Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-14T15:29:25.151Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Hydra Booking \u2014 Appointment Scheduling \u0026 Booking Calendar",
"vendor": "themefic",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "1.1.27",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Ahmad Salem"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "The Hydra Booking \u2014 Appointment Scheduling \u0026 Booking Calendar plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to missing payment verification to unauthenticated payment bypass in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.27. This is due to the plugin accepting client-controlled payment confirmation data in the tfhb_meeting_paypal_payment_confirmation_callback function without server-side verification with PayPal\u0027s API. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to bypass payment requirements and confirm bookings as paid without any actual payment transaction occurring."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 5.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-602",
"description": "CWE-602 Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T17:16:59.618Z",
"orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"shortName": "Wordfence"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/b49ce4a2-52ad-4824-86fc-5edd2e33802d?source=cve"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3392864/hydra-booking/tags/1.1.28/app/Shortcode/HydraBookingShortcode.php?old=3392467\u0026old_path=hydra-booking%2Ftags%2F1.1.27%2Fapp%2FShortcode%2FHydraBookingShortcode.php"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-10-29T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Discovered"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-11-06T00:26:16.000Z",
"value": "Vendor Notified"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-11-10T22:39:28.000Z",
"value": "Disclosed"
}
],
"title": "Hydra Booking \u2013 All in One Appointment Booking System | Appointment Scheduling, Booking Calendar \u0026 WooCommerce Bookings \u003c= 1.1.27 - Missing Payment Verification to Unauthenticated Payment Bypass"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-12788",
"datePublished": "2025-11-11T11:03:46.212Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-11-06T00:09:09.016Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T17:16:59.618Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-12115 (GCVE-0-2025-12115)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-31 09:27 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WPC Name Your Price for WooCommerce <= 2.1.9 - Unauthenticated Price Alteration
Summary
The WPC Name Your Price for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized price alteration in all versions up to, and including, 2.1.9. This is due to the plugin not disabling the ability to name a custom price when it has been specifically disabled for a product. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to purchase products at prices less than they should be able to.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| wpclever | WPC Name Your Price for WooCommerce |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.1.9
(semver)
|
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-12115",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-10-31T18:43:27.861884Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-31T18:43:39.464Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "WPC Name Your Price for WooCommerce",
"vendor": "wpclever",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "2.1.9",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Jonas Benjamin Friedli"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "The WPC Name Your Price for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized price alteration in all versions up to, and including, 2.1.9. This is due to the plugin not disabling the ability to name a custom price when it has been specifically disabled for a product. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to purchase products at prices less than they should be able to."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-602",
"description": "CWE-602 Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T17:33:31.563Z",
"orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"shortName": "Wordfence"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/f64bc3c4-da89-4470-8353-d490f8bec408?source=cve"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3386310%40wpc-name-your-price\u0026new=3386310%40wpc-name-your-price\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-10-29T02:26:02.000Z",
"value": "Vendor Notified"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-10-30T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Disclosed"
}
],
"title": "WPC Name Your Price for WooCommerce \u003c= 2.1.9 - Unauthenticated Price Alteration"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-12115",
"datePublished": "2025-10-31T09:27:21.530Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-10-23T15:27:17.832Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T17:33:31.563Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-10640 (GCVE-0-2025-10640)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-21 11:43 – Updated: 2025-11-03 17:31
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Missing Server-Side Authentication Checks in EfficientLab WorkExaminer Professional
Summary
An unauthenticated attacker with access to TCP port 12306 of the WorkExaminer server can exploit missing server-side authentication checks to bypass the login prompt in the WorkExaminer Professional console to gain administrative access to the WorkExaminer server and therefore all sensitive monitoring data. This includes monitored screenshots and keystrokes of all users.
The WorkExaminer Professional console is used for administrative access to the server. Before access to the console is granted administrators must login. Internally, a custom protocol is used to call a respective stored procedure on the MSSQL database. The return value of the call is not validated on the server-side. Instead it is only validated client-side which allows to bypass authentication.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://r.sec-consult.com/workexaminer | third-party-advisory |
| http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/19 |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| EfficientLab | WorkExaminer Professional |
Affected:
<= 4.0.0.52001
|
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.8,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-10640",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-10-22T18:59:26.555996Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-22T18:59:33.134Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
},
{
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T17:31:35.365Z",
"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"shortName": "CVE"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/19"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "WorkExaminer Professional",
"vendor": "EfficientLab",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c= 4.0.0.52001"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Tobias Niemann, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Daniel Hirschberger, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Thorger Jansen, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Marius Renner, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eAn unauthenticated attacker with access to TCP port 12306 of the WorkExaminer server can exploit missing server-side authentication checks to bypass the login prompt in the WorkExaminer Professional console to gain administrative access to the WorkExaminer server and therefore all sensitive monitoring data. This includes monitored screenshots and keystrokes of all users.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe WorkExaminer Professional console is used for administrative access to the server. Before access to the console is granted administrators must login. Internally, a custom protocol is used to call a respective stored procedure on the MSSQL database. The return value of the call is not validated on the server-side. Instead it is only validated client-side which allows to bypass authentication.\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "An unauthenticated attacker with access to TCP port 12306 of the WorkExaminer server can exploit missing server-side authentication checks to bypass the login prompt in the WorkExaminer Professional console to gain administrative access to the WorkExaminer server and therefore all sensitive monitoring data. This includes monitored screenshots and keystrokes of all users.\n\nThe WorkExaminer Professional console is used for administrative access to the server. Before access to the console is granted administrators must login. Internally, a custom protocol is used to call a respective stored procedure on the MSSQL database. The return value of the call is not validated on the server-side. Instead it is only validated client-side which allows to bypass authentication."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-115",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-115 Authentication Bypass"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-602",
"description": "CWE-602 Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-21T11:43:44.598Z",
"orgId": "551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf",
"shortName": "SEC-VLab"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://r.sec-consult.com/workexaminer"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "The vendor responded to the submission of our security vulnerabilities by stating that they are not within the scope of their bug bounty program. After telling them that we do not care about the bug bounty but a fix for the issues, we did not receive any further response.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHence, there is no fix available for the identified security issues and we assume that this product is unmaintained. We urge customers to contact EfficientLab regarding the issues and a potential solution, such as using another product.\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "The vendor responded to the submission of our security vulnerabilities by stating that they are not within the scope of their bug bounty program. After telling them that we do not care about the bug bounty but a fix for the issues, we did not receive any further response.\n\nHence, there is no fix available for the identified security issues and we assume that this product is unmaintained. We urge customers to contact EfficientLab regarding the issues and a potential solution, such as using another product."
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "Missing Server-Side Authentication Checks in EfficientLab WorkExaminer Professional",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf",
"assignerShortName": "SEC-VLab",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-10640",
"datePublished": "2025-10-21T11:43:44.598Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-09-17T14:05:16.432Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T17:31:35.365Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-10161 (GCVE-0-2025-10161)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-11 12:42 – Updated: 2026-06-05 10:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Authentication Bypass in Turkguven's Perfektive
Summary
Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts, Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security, Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision vulnerability in Turkguven Software Technologies Inc. Perfektive allows Brute Force, Authentication Bypass, Functionality Bypass.
This issue affects Perfektive: before Version: 12574 Build: 2701.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.usom.gov.tr/bildirim/tr-25-0387 | government-resourcebroken-link |
| https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimler… | government-resource |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Turkguven Software Technologies Inc. | Perfektive |
Affected:
0 , < Version: 12574 Build: 2701
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-11-11 12:02
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-10161",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-11-14T18:22:51.139313Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-14T18:22:58.881Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Perfektive",
"vendor": "Turkguven Software Technologies Inc.",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "Version: 12574 Build: 2701",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Ferit \u00d6ZNER"
}
],
"datePublic": "2025-11-11T12:02:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts, Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security, Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision vulnerability in Turkguven Software Technologies Inc. Perfektive allows Brute Force, Authentication Bypass, Functionality Bypass.\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects Perfektive: before Version: 12574 Build: 2701.\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts, Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security, Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision vulnerability in Turkguven Software Technologies Inc. Perfektive allows Brute Force, Authentication Bypass, Functionality Bypass.\n\nThis issue affects Perfektive: before Version: 12574 Build: 2701."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-112",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-112 Brute Force"
}
]
},
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-115",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-115 Authentication Bypass"
}
]
},
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-554",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-554 Functionality Bypass"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "LOW",
"baseScore": 7.3,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-307",
"description": "CWE-307 Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-602",
"description": "CWE-602 Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-807",
"description": "CWE-807 Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-05T10:50:04.252Z",
"orgId": "ca940d4e-fea4-4aa2-9a58-591a58b1ce21",
"shortName": "TR-CERT"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"government-resource",
"broken-link"
],
"url": "https://www.usom.gov.tr/bildirim/tr-25-0387"
},
{
"tags": [
"government-resource"
],
"url": "https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimleri/detay/tr-25-0387"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "TR-25-0387",
"defect": [
"TR-25-0387"
],
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Authentication Bypass in Turkguven\u0027s Perfektive",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.5.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "ca940d4e-fea4-4aa2-9a58-591a58b1ce21",
"assignerShortName": "TR-CERT",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-10161",
"datePublished": "2025-11-11T12:42:50.253Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-09-09T12:49:55.496Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-05T10:50:04.252Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-9495 (GCVE-0-2025-9495)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-23 01:16 – Updated: 2025-09-23 13:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Viessmann Vitogate 300 Authentication Bypass
Summary
The Vitogate 300 web interface fails to enforce proper server-side authentication and relies on frontend-based authentication controls. This allows an attacker to simply modify HTML elements in the browser’s developer tools to bypass login restrictions. By removing specific UI elements, an attacker can reveal the hidden administration menu, giving them full control over the device.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Viessmann | Vitogate 300 |
Affected:
1 , < 3.0.0.0
(date)
|
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-9495",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-09-23T13:33:41.544746Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-23T13:33:47.319Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Vitogate 300",
"vendor": "Viessmann",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.0.0.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1",
"versionType": "date"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "Souvik Kandar of MicroSec (microsec.io)"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "The Vitogate 300 web interface fails to enforce proper server-side authentication and relies on frontend-based authentication controls. This allows an attacker to simply modify HTML elements in the browser\u2019s developer tools to bypass login restrictions. By removing specific UI elements, an attacker can reveal the hidden administration menu, giving them full control over the device.\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "The Vitogate 300 web interface fails to enforce proper server-side authentication and relies on frontend-based authentication controls. This allows an attacker to simply modify HTML elements in the browser\u2019s developer tools to bypass login restrictions. By removing specific UI elements, an attacker can reveal the hidden administration menu, giving them full control over the device."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "ADJACENT",
"baseScore": 8.7,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-602",
"description": "CWE-602 Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-23T01:16:53.619Z",
"orgId": "e24e6442-3ae1-4538-a7b8-7ac95586db8f",
"shortName": "Carrier"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://https://www.corporate.carrier.com/product-security/advisories-resources/"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese\nvulnerabilities have been fixed with Vitogate 300 software version 3.1.0.1. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eCustomers\nare strongly encouraged to upgrade by downloading software version 3.1.0.1 or newer at the\n\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://connectivity.viessmann-climatesolutions.com/gb/mp-fp/vitogate/vitogate-300-bn-mb.html\"\u003eVitogate\n300 website.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "These\nvulnerabilities have been fixed with Vitogate 300 software version 3.1.0.1. \n\n\n\nCustomers\nare strongly encouraged to upgrade by downloading software version 3.1.0.1 or newer at the\nVitogate\n300 website."
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "Viessmann Vitogate 300 Authentication Bypass",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "e24e6442-3ae1-4538-a7b8-7ac95586db8f",
"assignerShortName": "Carrier",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-9495",
"datePublished": "2025-09-23T01:16:53.619Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-08-26T17:40:58.043Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-23T13:33:47.319Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2025-8792 (GCVE-0-2025-8792)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-10 03:32 – Updated: 2025-08-13 15:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
LitmusChaos Litmus client-side enforcement of server-side security
Summary
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in LitmusChaos Litmus up to 3.19.0. Affected is an unknown function. The manipulation leads to client-side enforcement of server-side security. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.319320 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.319320 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.625952 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/MaiqueSilva/VulnDB/blob/main/R… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| LitmusChaos | Litmus |
Affected:
3.0
Affected: 3.1 Affected: 3.2 Affected: 3.3 Affected: 3.4 Affected: 3.5 Affected: 3.6 Affected: 3.7 Affected: 3.8 Affected: 3.9 Affected: 3.10 Affected: 3.11 Affected: 3.12 Affected: 3.13 Affected: 3.14 Affected: 3.15 Affected: 3.16 Affected: 3.17 Affected: 3.18 Affected: 3.19.0 |
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-8792",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-08-13T15:05:39.192345Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-08-13T15:05:42.123Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/MaiqueSilva/VulnDB/blob/main/README02.md"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "Litmus",
"vendor": "LitmusChaos",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.1"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.2"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.3"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.4"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.5"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.6"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.7"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.8"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.9"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.10"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.11"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.12"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.13"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.14"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.15"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.16"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.17"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.18"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.19.0"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "maique (VulDB User)"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in LitmusChaos Litmus up to 3.19.0. Affected is an unknown function. The manipulation leads to client-side enforcement of server-side security. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way."
},
{
"lang": "de",
"value": "Es wurde eine problematische Schwachstelle in LitmusChaos Litmus bis 3.19.0 entdeckt. Es betrifft eine unbekannte Funktion. Dank Manipulation mit unbekannten Daten kann eine client-side enforcement of server-side security-Schwachstelle ausgenutzt werden. Der Angriff kann \u00fcber das Netzwerk erfolgen. Der Exploit steht zur \u00f6ffentlichen Verf\u00fcgung."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"baseScore": 5.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
"version": "4.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 4.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_0": {
"baseScore": 4.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
"version": "3.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV2_0": {
"baseScore": 4,
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:UR",
"version": "2.0"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-602",
"description": "Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-08-10T03:32:06.333Z",
"orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"shortName": "VulDB"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "VDB-319320 | LitmusChaos Litmus client-side enforcement of server-side security",
"tags": [
"vdb-entry"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.319320"
},
{
"name": "VDB-319320 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC)",
"tags": [
"signature",
"permissions-required"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.319320"
},
{
"name": "Submit #625952 | Open-Source Web LitmusChaos 3.19.0 Input Validation Bypass",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.625952"
},
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/MaiqueSilva/VulnDB/blob/main/README02.md"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-08-09T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Advisory disclosed"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-08-09T02:00:00.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry created"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-08-09T07:39:25.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry last update"
}
],
"title": "LitmusChaos Litmus client-side enforcement of server-side security"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"assignerShortName": "VulDB",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-8792",
"datePublished": "2025-08-10T03:32:06.333Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-08-09T05:33:56.943Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-08-13T15:05:42.123Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2025-7820 (GCVE-0-2025-7820)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-27 04:36 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:38
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
SKT PayPal for WooCommerce <= 1.4 - Unauthenticated Payment Bypass
Summary
The SKT PayPal for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Payment Bypass in all versions up to, and including, 1.4. This is due to the plugin only enforcing client side controls instead of server-side controls when processing payments. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to make confirmed purchases without actually paying for them.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| sonalsinha21 | SKT PayPal for WooCommerce |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.4
(semver)
|
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-7820",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-11-28T14:41:18.414654Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-28T19:33:21.109Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "SKT PayPal for WooCommerce",
"vendor": "sonalsinha21",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "1.4",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "ch4r0n"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "The SKT PayPal for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Payment Bypass in all versions up to, and including, 1.4. This is due to the plugin only enforcing client side controls instead of server-side controls when processing payments. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to make confirmed purchases without actually paying for them."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-602",
"description": "CWE-602 Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T16:38:05.098Z",
"orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"shortName": "Wordfence"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/1a67b1b3-eb39-4e9a-ba44-ea637fc3bba1?source=cve"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3403118%40skt-paypal-for-woocommerce\u0026new=3403118%40skt-paypal-for-woocommerce\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-07-21T15:23:49.000Z",
"value": "Vendor Notified"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-11-26T16:26:34.000Z",
"value": "Disclosed"
}
],
"title": "SKT PayPal for WooCommerce \u003c= 1.4 - Unauthenticated Payment Bypass"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-7820",
"datePublished": "2025-11-27T04:36:43.662Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-07-18T17:34:58.374Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T16:38:05.098Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-6249 (GCVE-0-2025-6249)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-17 19:20 – Updated: 2025-07-17 20:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An authentication bypass vulnerability was reported in FileZ client application that could allow a local attacker with elevated permissions access to application data.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lenovo | FileZ Client |
Affected:
0 , < 11.1.0.14
(custom)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-6249",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-07-17T20:06:15.490526Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-17T20:06:40.536Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "FileZ Client",
"vendor": "Lenovo",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "11.1.0.14",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:lenovo:filez_client:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "11.1.0.14",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cp\u003eAn authentication bypass vulnerability was reported in FileZ client application that could allow a local attacker with elevated permissions access to application data.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e"
}
],
"value": "An authentication bypass vulnerability was reported in FileZ client application that could allow a local attacker with elevated permissions access to application data."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseScore": 8.4,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 6.7,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-602",
"description": "CWE-602: Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-17T19:20:01.009Z",
"orgId": "da227ddf-6e25-4b41-b023-0f976dcaca4b",
"shortName": "lenovo"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.filez.com/securityPolicy/3.html?1751965890"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cp\u003eUpdate FileZ client to version 11.1.0.14 or later.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Update FileZ client to version 11.1.0.14 or later."
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "da227ddf-6e25-4b41-b023-0f976dcaca4b",
"assignerShortName": "lenovo",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-6249",
"datePublished": "2025-07-17T19:20:01.009Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-06-18T18:33:46.433Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-17T20:06:40.536Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2025-6025 (GCVE-0-2025-6025)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-15 02:24 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Order Tip for WooCommerce <= 1.5.4 - Unauthenticated Tip Manipulation to Negative Value Leading to Unauthorized Discounts
Summary
The Order Tip for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Unauthenticated Improper Input Validation in all versions up to, and including, 1.5.4. This is due to lack of server-side validation on the `data-tip` attribute, which makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to apply an excessive or even negative tip amount, resulting in unauthorized discount up to free orders depending on the value submitted.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| railmedia | Order Tip for WooCommerce |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.5.4
(semver)
|
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-6025",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-08-15T12:43:50.775732Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-08-15T12:43:56.428Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Order Tip for WooCommerce",
"vendor": "railmedia",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "1.5.4",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Rajesh Singh"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "The Order Tip for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Unauthenticated Improper Input Validation in all versions up to, and including, 1.5.4. This is due to lack of server-side validation on the `data-tip` attribute, which makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to apply an excessive or even negative tip amount, resulting in unauthorized discount up to free orders depending on the value submitted."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-602",
"description": "CWE-602 Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T17:11:19.595Z",
"orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"shortName": "Wordfence"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/9bcd18bd-032e-4a97-83aa-a377f9b1f435?source=cve"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/order-tip-woo/trunk/frontend/views/tip-form.php#L49"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/order-tip-woo/trunk/assets/build/front.bundle.js"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3318615%40order-tip-woo\u0026new=3318615%40order-tip-woo\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-06-02T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Discovered"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-06-12T14:44:53.000Z",
"value": "Vendor Notified"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-08-14T13:51:21.000Z",
"value": "Disclosed"
}
],
"title": "Order Tip for WooCommerce \u003c= 1.5.4 - Unauthenticated Tip Manipulation to Negative Value Leading to Unauthorized Discounts"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-6025",
"datePublished": "2025-08-15T02:24:22.653Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-06-12T12:07:16.620Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T17:11:19.595Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
- Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
If some degree of trust is required between the two entities, then use integrity checking and strong authentication to ensure that the inputs are coming from a trusted source. Design the product so that this trust is managed in a centralized fashion, especially if there are complex or numerous communication channels, in order to reduce the risks that the implementer will mistakenly omit a check in a single code path.
CAPEC-162: Manipulating Hidden Fields
An adversary exploits a weakness in the server's trust of client-side processing by modifying data on the client-side, such as price information, and then submitting this data to the server, which processes the modified data. For example, eShoplifting is a data manipulation attack against an on-line merchant during a purchasing transaction. The manipulation of price, discount or quantity fields in the transaction message allows the adversary to acquire items at a lower cost than the merchant intended. The adversary performs a normal purchasing transaction but edits hidden fields within the HTML form response that store price or other information to give themselves a better deal. The merchant then uses the modified pricing information in calculating the cost of the selected items.
CAPEC-202: Create Malicious Client
An adversary creates a client application to interface with a target service where the client violates assumptions the service makes about clients. Services that have designated client applications (as opposed to services that use general client applications, such as IMAP or POP mail servers which can interact with any IMAP or POP client) may assume that the client will follow specific procedures.
CAPEC-207: Removing Important Client Functionality
An adversary removes or disables functionality on the client that the server assumes to be present and trustworthy.
CAPEC-208: Removing/short-circuiting 'Purse' logic: removing/mutating 'cash' decrements
An attacker removes or modifies the logic on a client associated with monetary calculations resulting in incorrect information being sent to the server. A server may rely on a client to correctly compute monetary information. For example, a server might supply a price for an item and then rely on the client to correctly compute the total cost of a purchase given the number of items the user is buying. If the attacker can remove or modify the logic that controls these calculations, they can return incorrect values to the server. The attacker can use this to make purchases for a fraction of the legitimate cost or otherwise avoid correct billing for activities.
CAPEC-21: Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers
An adversary guesses, obtains, or "rides" a trusted identifier (e.g. session ID, resource ID, cookie, etc.) to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies
This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.
CAPEC-383: Harvesting Information via API Event Monitoring
An adversary hosts an event within an application framework and then monitors the data exchanged during the course of the event for the purpose of harvesting any important data leaked during the transactions. One example could be harvesting lists of usernames or userIDs for the purpose of sending spam messages to those users. One example of this type of attack involves the adversary creating an event within the sub-application. Assume the adversary hosts a "virtual sale" of rare items. As other users enter the event, the attacker records via AiTM (CAPEC-94) proxy the user_ids and usernames of everyone who attends. The adversary would then be able to spam those users within the application using an automated script.
CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.
CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation
An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.
CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.
CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content
An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.
CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.