Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-601

Allowed

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.

2305 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2023-40306 (GCVE-0-2023-40306)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-08 21:05 – Updated: 2024-09-25 20:04
VLAI
Title
URL Redirection vulnerability in SAP S/4HANA (Manage Catalog Items and Cross-Catalog search)
Summary
SAP S/4HANA Manage Catalog Items and Cross-Catalog searches Fiori apps allow an attacker to redirect users to a malicious site due to insufficient URL validation. As a result, it may have a slight impact on confidentiality and integrity.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
sap
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SAP SE SAP S/4HANA (Manage Catalog Items and Cross-Catalog search) Affected: 103
Affected: 104
Affected: 105
Affected: 106
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2023-39968 (GCVE-0-2023-39968)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-28 20:16 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:03
VLAI
Title
Open Redirect Vulnerability in jupyter-server
Summary
jupyter-server is the backend for Jupyter web applications. Open Redirect Vulnerability. Maliciously crafted login links to known Jupyter Servers can cause successful login or an already logged-in session to be redirected to arbitrary sites, which should be restricted to Jupyter Server-served URLs. This issue has been addressed in commit `29036259` which is included in release 2.7.2. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-39371 (GCVE-0-2023-39371)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-03 14:33 – Updated: 2024-09-27 15:45
VLAI
Title
StarTrinity Softswitch version 2023-02-16 – Open Redirect (CWE-601)
Summary
StarTrinity Softswitch version 2023-02-16 - Open Redirect (CWE-601)
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
StarTrinity Softswitch Affected: version 2023-02-16 , < Upgrade to version 2023-07-27 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-09-03 13:42
Credits
Moshe Mizrahi
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-39364 (GCVE-0-2023-39364)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-05 21:13 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:03
VLAI
Title
Open redirect in change password functionality in Cacti
Summary
Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. In Cacti 1.2.24, users with console access can be redirected to an arbitrary website after a change password performed via a specifically crafted URL. The `auth_changepassword.php` file accepts `ref` as a URL parameter and reflects it in the form used to perform the change password. It's value is used to perform a redirect via `header` PHP function. A user can be tricked in performing the change password operation, e.g., via a phishing message, and then interacting with the malicious website where the redirection has been performed, e.g., downloading malwares, providing credentials, etc. This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.25. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
Severity
3.5 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cacti cacti Affected: < 1.2.25
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-38481 (GCVE-0-2023-38481)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-12-19 20:00 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:08
VLAI
Title
WordPress Integration for WooCommerce and Zoho CRM Plugin < 1.3.7 is vulnerable to Open Redirection
Summary
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in CRM Perks Integration for WooCommerce and Zoho CRM, Books, Invoice, Inventory, Bigin.This issue affects Integration for WooCommerce and Zoho CRM, Books, Invoice, Inventory, Bigin: from n/a before 1.3.7.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Phd (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-38478 (GCVE-0-2023-38478)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-12-19 20:03 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:08
VLAI
Title
WordPress Integration for WooCommerce and QuickBooks Plugin <= 1.2.3 is vulnerable to Open Redirection
Summary
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in CRM Perks Integration for WooCommerce and QuickBooks.This issue affects Integration for WooCommerce and QuickBooks: from n/a through 1.2.3.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Phd (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-37982 (GCVE-0-2023-37982)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-12-19 20:07 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:08
VLAI
Title
WordPress Integration for Contact Form 7 and Salesforce Plugin <= 1.3.3 is vulnerable to Open Redirection
Summary
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in CRM Perks Integration for Salesforce and Contact Form 7, WPForms, Elementor, Ninja Forms.This issue affects Integration for Salesforce and Contact Form 7, WPForms, Elementor, Ninja Forms: from n/a through 1.3.3.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Le Ngoc Anh (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-35948 (GCVE-0-2023-35948)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-07-06 14:47 – Updated: 2024-10-18 19:16
VLAI
Title
Novu Open Redirect Vulnerability in Sign-In with GitHub Functionality
Summary
Novu provides an API for sending notifications through multiple channels. Versions prior to 0.16.0 contain an open redirect vulnerability in the "Sign In with GitHub" functionality of Novu's open-source repository. It could have allowed an attacker to force a victim into opening a malicious URL and thus, potentially log into the repository under the victim's account gaining full control of the account. This vulnerability only affected the Novu Cloud and Open-Source deployments if the user manually enabled the GitHub OAuth on their self-hosted instance of Novu. Users should upgrade to version 0.16.0 to receive a patch.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
novuhq novu Affected: < 0.16.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-35883 (GCVE-0-2023-35883)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-12-19 20:11 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:08
VLAI
Title
WordPress Core Web Vitals & PageSpeed Booster Plugin <= 1.0.12 is vulnerable to Open Redirection
Summary
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Magazine3 Core Web Vitals & PageSpeed Booster.This issue affects Core Web Vitals & PageSpeed Booster: from n/a through 1.0.12.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Magazine3 Core Web Vitals & PageSpeed Booster Affected: n/a , ≤ 1.0.12 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Le Ngoc Anh (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-35171 (GCVE-0-2023-35171)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-23 20:44 – Updated: 2024-11-07 18:46
VLAI
Title
Nextcloud Server vulnerable to open redirect on "Unsupported browser" warning
Summary
NextCloud Server and NextCloud Enterprise Server provide file storage for Nextcloud, a self-hosted productivity platform. Starting in version 26.0.0 and prior to version 26.0.2, an attacker could supply a URL that redirects an unsuspecting victim from a legitimate domain to an attacker's site. Nextcloud Server and Nextcloud Enterprise Server 26.0.2 contain a patch for this issue. No known workarounds are available.
Severity
4.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nextcloud security-advisories Affected: >= 26.0.0, < 26.0.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.

Mitigation MIT-21.2
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
  • For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).

Mitigation MIT-6
Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

  • Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
  • Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing

An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.

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