CWE-472
AllowedExternal Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application does not sufficiently verify inputs that are assumed to be immutable but are actually externally controllable, such as hidden form fields.
209 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2017-5260 (GCVE-0-2017-5260)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2017-12-20 22:00 – Updated: 2024-08-05 14:55- CWE-472 - (External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter)
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://blog.rapid7.com/2017/12/19/r7-2017-25-cam… | x_refsource_MISC |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cambium Networks | cnPilot |
Affected:
4.3.2-R4 and prior
|
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GHSA-2276-PC6C-J8WG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-28 09:34 – Updated: 2026-04-28 09:34The Booking Package plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Price Manipulation in versions up to, and including, 1.7.06 This is due to the intentForStripe() function passing user-controlled $_POST['amount'] directly to the Stripe PaymentIntent API without validation, and the commitStripe() function ignoring the server-calculated amount when confirming the payment. While the server correctly calculates the booking cost via getAmount() based on services, guests, taxes, and coupons, this calculated amount is never validated against or used to update the PaymentIntent because the critical code in CreditCard.php that would include the calculated amount in the PaymentIntent update is commented out. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to book services at arbitrary prices (e.g., $0.01 instead of $500.00) by manipulating the amount parameter during PaymentIntent creation and completing the booking with the fraudulent payment.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-4911"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-472"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-28T08:16:01Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Booking Package plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Price Manipulation in versions up to, and including, 1.7.06 This is due to the intentForStripe() function passing user-controlled $_POST[\u0027amount\u0027] directly to the Stripe PaymentIntent API without validation, and the commitStripe() function ignoring the server-calculated amount when confirming the payment. While the server correctly calculates the booking cost via getAmount() based on services, guests, taxes, and coupons, this calculated amount is never validated against or used to update the PaymentIntent because the critical code in CreditCard.php that would include the calculated amount in the PaymentIntent update is commented out. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to book services at arbitrary prices (e.g., $0.01 instead of $500.00) by manipulating the amount parameter during PaymentIntent creation and completing the booking with the fraudulent payment.",
"id": "GHSA-2276-pc6c-j8wg",
"modified": "2026-04-28T09:34:13Z",
"published": "2026-04-28T09:34:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4911"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/tags/1.7.04/lib/CreditCard.php#L393"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/tags/1.7.04/lib/CreditCard.php#L548"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/tags/1.7.04/lib/Schedule.php#L15151"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/tags/1.7.04/lib/Schedule.php#L8948"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/trunk/lib/CreditCard.php#L390"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/trunk/lib/CreditCard.php#L545"
},
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"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/trunk/lib/Schedule.php#L15151"
},
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"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/trunk/lib/Schedule.php#L8942"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?old_path=%2Fbooking-package/tags/1.7.06\u0026new_path=%2Fbooking-package/tags/1.7.07"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/61d63c5a-6ca6-42d8-ab0a-152d9c95945c?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
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"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-238J-H296-6WRG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-02 15:34 – Updated: 2026-09-02 15:34The RegistrationMagic WordPress plugin before 6.0.9.9 does not validate a client-supplied quantity multiplier when calculating the total price of a paid registration, allowing unauthenticated users to register without paying and obtain an activated account holding the role the form grants.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-77794"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-472"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-02T15:17:39Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The RegistrationMagic WordPress plugin before 6.0.9.9 does not validate a client-supplied quantity multiplier when calculating the total price of a paid registration, allowing unauthenticated users to register without paying and obtain an activated account holding the role the form grants.",
"id": "GHSA-238j-h296-6wrg",
"modified": "2026-09-02T15:34:49Z",
"published": "2026-09-02T15:34:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-77794"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/c8cdc20f-d6ca-4e02-b8ab-68cd9362952f"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2CFC-CQV5-W2WQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-05 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-05 03:31Integer overflow in Media in Google Chrome prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-10986"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-472"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-04T23:17:01Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Integer overflow in Media in Google Chrome prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: High)",
"id": "GHSA-2cfc-cqv5-w2wq",
"modified": "2026-06-05T03:31:32Z",
"published": "2026-06-05T00:31:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-10986"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/514744613"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2GQ2-W87F-G8C3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-20 03:31 – Updated: 2026-03-20 15:31Integer overflow in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 146.0.7680.153 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-4464"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-190",
"CWE-472"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-20T02:16:39Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Integer overflow in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 146.0.7680.153 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-2gq2-w87f-g8c3",
"modified": "2026-03-20T15:31:12Z",
"published": "2026-03-20T03:31:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4464"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_18.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/487208468"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2JGC-WX9F-VPP5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-04 06:31 – Updated: 2024-12-04 06:31A hidden field manipulation vulnerability was identified in Issuetrak version 17.1 that could be triggered by an authenticated user.
When an authenticated user submits a ticket, the request can be intercepted and subsequently modified by using a proxy. The ticket requester can be changed from the original requester to another user in the same application, which the application then accepts.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-12123"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-472"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-04T04:15:04Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A hidden field manipulation vulnerability was identified in Issuetrak version 17.1 that could be triggered by an authenticated user.\u00a0\n\nWhen an authenticated user submits a ticket, the request can be intercepted and subsequently modified by using a proxy.\u00a0 The ticket requester can be changed from the original requester to another user in the same application, \nwhich the application then accepts.",
"id": "GHSA-2jgc-wx9f-vpp5",
"modified": "2024-12-04T06:31:02Z",
"published": "2024-12-04T06:31:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-12123"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpcenter.issuetrak.com/home/2340-issuetrak-release-notes"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-2MP2-JW3G-M6FW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-14 21:30 – Updated: 2026-05-15 00:30Integer overflow in Codecs in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 148.0.7778.168 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted video file. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-8573"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-472"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-14T20:17:19Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Integer overflow in Codecs in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 148.0.7778.168 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted video file. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-2mp2-jw3g-m6fw",
"modified": "2026-05-15T00:30:30Z",
"published": "2026-05-14T21:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8573"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_12.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/495417883"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2XCR-JVJ8-GV2P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-07 00:31 – Updated: 2026-08-07 00:31The CoCart WordPress plugin before 4.9.0 does not validate a user-supplied price value against the actual product price when items are added to the cart through one of its public REST API endpoints, allowing unauthenticated users to set arbitrary product prices and complete WooCommerce orders at manipulated totals.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-10524"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-472"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-06T22:16:42Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The CoCart WordPress plugin before 4.9.0 does not validate a user-supplied price value against the actual product price when items are added to the cart through one of its public REST API endpoints, allowing unauthenticated users to set arbitrary product prices and complete WooCommerce orders at manipulated totals.",
"id": "GHSA-2xcr-jvj8-gv2p",
"modified": "2026-08-07T00:31:13Z",
"published": "2026-08-07T00:31:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-10524"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/99986e13-d38d-4890-b935-9f6fd238ec61"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-32X7-F6P3-X83Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-05 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-05 21:32Integer overflow in WebView in Google Chrome on Android prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a local attacker to cause a denial of service via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-11290"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-190",
"CWE-472"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-05T00:17:06Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Integer overflow in WebView in Google Chrome on Android prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a local attacker to cause a denial of service via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-32x7-f6p3-x83q",
"modified": "2026-06-05T21:32:03Z",
"published": "2026-06-05T00:31:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-11290"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/502264647"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-38P8-P9VC-4QRR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 18:31Integer overflow in Chromecast in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13801"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-472"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:16:54Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Integer overflow in Chromecast in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
"id": "GHSA-38p8-p9vc-4qrr",
"modified": "2026-07-01T18:31:27Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13801"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/500587568"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-20
Strategy: Input Validation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
CAPEC-146: XML Schema Poisoning
An adversary corrupts or modifies the content of XML schema information passed between a client and server for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. XML Schemas provide the structure and content definitions for XML documents. Schema poisoning is the ability to manipulate a schema either by replacing or modifying it to compromise the programs that process documents that use this schema.
CAPEC-226: Session Credential Falsification through Manipulation
An attacker manipulates an existing credential in order to gain access to a target application. Session credentials allow users to identify themselves to a service after an initial authentication without needing to resend the authentication information (usually a username and password) with every message. An attacker may be able to manipulate a credential sniffed from an existing connection in order to gain access to a target server.
CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies
This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.
CAPEC-39: Manipulating Opaque Client-based Data Tokens
In circumstances where an application holds important data client-side in tokens (cookies, URLs, data files, and so forth) that data can be manipulated. If client or server-side application components reinterpret that data as authentication tokens or data (such as store item pricing or wallet information) then even opaquely manipulating that data may bear fruit for an Attacker. In this pattern an attacker undermines the assumption that client side tokens have been adequately protected from tampering through use of encryption or obfuscation.