Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-472

Allowed

External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The web application does not sufficiently verify inputs that are assumed to be immutable but are actually externally controllable, such as hidden form fields.

188 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2020-1765 (GCVE-0-2020-1765)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-01-10 15:08 – Updated: 2024-09-16 22:15
VLAI
Title
Spoofing of From field in several screens
Summary
An improper control of parameters allows the spoofing of the from fields of the following screens: AgentTicketCompose, AgentTicketForward, AgentTicketBounce and AgentTicketEmailOutbound. This issue affects: ((OTRS)) Community Edition 5.0.x version 5.0.39 and prior versions; 6.0.x version 6.0.24 and prior versions. OTRS 7.0.x version 7.0.13 and prior versions.
Severity
3.5 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-472 - External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OTRS AG ((OTRS)) Community Edition Affected: 5.0.x version 5.0.39 and prior versions
Affected: 6.0.x version 6.0.24 and prior versions
Create a notification for this product.
OTRS AG OTRS Affected: 7.0.x version 7.0.13 and prior versions
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2020-01-10 00:00
Credits
Sebastian Renker, Jonas Becker
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2019-13927 (GCVE-0-2019-13927)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2019-12-12 13:19 – Updated: 2024-08-05 00:05
VLAI
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in Desigo PX automation controllers PXC00-E.D, PXC50-E.D, PXC100-E.D, PXC200-E.D with Desigo PX Web modules PXA40-W0, PXA40-W1, PXA40-W2 (All firmware versions < V6.00.320), Desigo PX automation controllers PXC00-U, PXC64-U, PXC128-U with Desigo PX Web modules PXA30-W0, PXA30-W1, PXA30-W2 (All firmware versions < V6.00.320), Desigo PX automation controllers PXC22.1-E.D, PXC36-E.D, PXC36.1-E.D with activated web server (All firmware versions < V6.00.320). The device contains a vulnerability that could allow an attacker to cause a denial of service condition on the device's web server by sending a specially crafted HTTP message to the web server port (tcp/80). The security vulnerability could be exploited by an attacker with network access to an affected device. Successful exploitation requires no system privileges and no user interaction. An attacker could use the vulnerability to compromise the availability of the device's web service. While the device itself stays operational, the web server responds with HTTP status code 404 (Not found) to any further request. A reboot is required to recover the web interface. At the time of advisory publication no public exploitation of this security vulnerability was known.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-472 - External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2017-5261 (GCVE-0-2017-5261)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2017-12-20 22:00 – Updated: 2024-08-05 14:55
VLAI
Summary
In versions 4.3.2-R4 and prior of Cambium Networks cnPilot firmware, the 'ping' and 'traceroute' functions of the web administrative console expose a file path traversal vulnerability, accessible to all authenticated users.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-472 - (External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cambium Networks cnPilot Affected: 4.3.2-R4 and prior
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2017-12-20 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2017-5260 (GCVE-0-2017-5260)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2017-12-20 22:00 – Updated: 2024-08-05 14:55
VLAI
Summary
In versions 4.3.2-R4 and prior of Cambium Networks cnPilot firmware, although the option to access the configuration file is not available in the normal web administrative console for the 'user' account, the configuration file is accessible via direct object reference (DRO) at http://<device-ip-or-hostname>/goform/down_cfg_file by this otherwise low privilege 'user' account.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-472 - (External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cambium Networks cnPilot Affected: 4.3.2-R4 and prior
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2017-12-20 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://blog.rapid7.com/2017/12/19/r7-2017-25-cambium-epmp-and-cnpilot-multiple-vulnerabilities/"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "cnPilot",
          "vendor": "Cambium Networks",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.3.2-R4 and prior"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2017-12-20T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In versions 4.3.2-R4 and prior of Cambium Networks cnPilot firmware, although the option to access the configuration file is not available in the normal web administrative console for the \u0027user\u0027 account, the configuration file is accessible via direct object reference (DRO) at http://\u003cdevice-ip-or-hostname\u003e/goform/down_cfg_file by this otherwise low privilege \u0027user\u0027 account."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-472",
              "description": "CWE-472 (External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2017-12-20T21:57:01.000Z",
        "orgId": "9974b330-7714-4307-a722-5648477acda7",
        "shortName": "rapid7"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://blog.rapid7.com/2017/12/19/r7-2017-25-cambium-epmp-and-cnpilot-multiple-vulnerabilities/"
        }
      ],
      "x_legacyV4Record": {
        "CVE_data_meta": {
          "ASSIGNER": "cve@rapid7.com",
          "ID": "CVE-2017-5260",
          "STATE": "PUBLIC"
        },
        "affects": {
          "vendor": {
            "vendor_data": [
              {
                "product": {
                  "product_data": [
                    {
                      "product_name": "cnPilot",
                      "version": {
                        "version_data": [
                          {
                            "version_value": "4.3.2-R4 and prior"
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  ]
                },
                "vendor_name": "Cambium Networks"
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "data_format": "MITRE",
        "data_type": "CVE",
        "data_version": "4.0",
        "description": {
          "description_data": [
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              "lang": "eng",
              "value": "In versions 4.3.2-R4 and prior of Cambium Networks cnPilot firmware, although the option to access the configuration file is not available in the normal web administrative console for the \u0027user\u0027 account, the configuration file is accessible via direct object reference (DRO) at http://\u003cdevice-ip-or-hostname\u003e/goform/down_cfg_file by this otherwise low privilege \u0027user\u0027 account."
            }
          ]
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
              "description": [
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                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "CWE-472 (External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter)"
                }
              ]
            }
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        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "https://blog.rapid7.com/2017/12/19/r7-2017-25-cambium-epmp-and-cnpilot-multiple-vulnerabilities/",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "url": "https://blog.rapid7.com/2017/12/19/r7-2017-25-cambium-epmp-and-cnpilot-multiple-vulnerabilities/"
            }
          ]
        }
      }
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  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "9974b330-7714-4307-a722-5648477acda7",
    "assignerShortName": "rapid7",
    "cveId": "CVE-2017-5260",
    "datePublished": "2017-12-20T22:00:00.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2017-01-09T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T14:55:35.713Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

GHSA-2276-PC6C-J8WG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-28 09:34 – Updated: 2026-04-28 09:34
VLAI
Details

The Booking Package plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Price Manipulation in versions up to, and including, 1.7.06 This is due to the intentForStripe() function passing user-controlled $_POST['amount'] directly to the Stripe PaymentIntent API without validation, and the commitStripe() function ignoring the server-calculated amount when confirming the payment. While the server correctly calculates the booking cost via getAmount() based on services, guests, taxes, and coupons, this calculated amount is never validated against or used to update the PaymentIntent because the critical code in CreditCard.php that would include the calculated amount in the PaymentIntent update is commented out. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to book services at arbitrary prices (e.g., $0.01 instead of $500.00) by manipulating the amount parameter during PaymentIntent creation and completing the booking with the fraudulent payment.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-4911"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-28T08:16:01Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Booking Package plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Price Manipulation in versions up to, and including, 1.7.06 This is due to the intentForStripe() function passing user-controlled $_POST[\u0027amount\u0027] directly to the Stripe PaymentIntent API without validation, and the commitStripe() function ignoring the server-calculated amount when confirming the payment. While the server correctly calculates the booking cost via getAmount() based on services, guests, taxes, and coupons, this calculated amount is never validated against or used to update the PaymentIntent because the critical code in CreditCard.php that would include the calculated amount in the PaymentIntent update is commented out. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to book services at arbitrary prices (e.g., $0.01 instead of $500.00) by manipulating the amount parameter during PaymentIntent creation and completing the booking with the fraudulent payment.",
  "id": "GHSA-2276-pc6c-j8wg",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T09:34:13Z",
  "published": "2026-04-28T09:34:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4911"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/tags/1.7.04/lib/CreditCard.php#L393"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/tags/1.7.04/lib/CreditCard.php#L548"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/tags/1.7.04/lib/Schedule.php#L15151"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/tags/1.7.04/lib/Schedule.php#L8948"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/trunk/lib/CreditCard.php#L390"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/trunk/lib/CreditCard.php#L545"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/trunk/lib/Schedule.php#L15151"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/trunk/lib/Schedule.php#L8942"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?old_path=%2Fbooking-package/tags/1.7.06\u0026new_path=%2Fbooking-package/tags/1.7.07"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/61d63c5a-6ca6-42d8-ab0a-152d9c95945c?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2CFC-CQV5-W2WQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-05 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-05 03:31
VLAI
Details

Integer overflow in Media in Google Chrome prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: High)

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-10986"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-04T23:17:01Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Integer overflow in Media in Google Chrome prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: High)",
  "id": "GHSA-2cfc-cqv5-w2wq",
  "modified": "2026-06-05T03:31:32Z",
  "published": "2026-06-05T00:31:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-10986"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/514744613"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2GQ2-W87F-G8C3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-20 03:31 – Updated: 2026-03-20 15:31
VLAI
Details

Integer overflow in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 146.0.7680.153 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-4464"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190",
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-20T02:16:39Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Integer overflow in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 146.0.7680.153 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
  "id": "GHSA-2gq2-w87f-g8c3",
  "modified": "2026-03-20T15:31:12Z",
  "published": "2026-03-20T03:31:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4464"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_18.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/487208468"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2JGC-WX9F-VPP5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-04 06:31 – Updated: 2024-12-04 06:31
VLAI
Details

A hidden field manipulation vulnerability was identified in Issuetrak version 17.1 that could be triggered by an authenticated user. 

When an authenticated user submits a ticket, the request can be intercepted and subsequently modified by using a proxy.  The ticket requester can be changed from the original requester to another user in the same application, which the application then accepts.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-12123"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-04T04:15:04Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A hidden field manipulation vulnerability was identified in Issuetrak version 17.1 that could be triggered by an authenticated user.\u00a0\n\nWhen an authenticated user submits a ticket, the request can be intercepted and subsequently modified by using a proxy.\u00a0 The ticket requester can be changed from the original requester to another user in the same application, \nwhich the application then accepts.",
  "id": "GHSA-2jgc-wx9f-vpp5",
  "modified": "2024-12-04T06:31:02Z",
  "published": "2024-12-04T06:31:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-12123"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpcenter.issuetrak.com/home/2340-issuetrak-release-notes"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2MP2-JW3G-M6FW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-14 21:30 – Updated: 2026-05-15 00:30
VLAI
Details

Integer overflow in Codecs in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 148.0.7778.168 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted video file. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

Severity
8.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-8573"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-14T20:17:19Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Integer overflow in Codecs in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 148.0.7778.168 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted video file. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
  "id": "GHSA-2mp2-jw3g-m6fw",
  "modified": "2026-05-15T00:30:30Z",
  "published": "2026-05-14T21:30:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8573"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_12.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/495417883"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-32X7-F6P3-X83Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-05 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-05 21:32
VLAI
Details

Integer overflow in WebView in Google Chrome on Android prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a local attacker to cause a denial of service via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: Low)

Severity
5.0 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-11290"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190",
      "CWE-472"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-05T00:17:06Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Integer overflow in WebView in Google Chrome on Android prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a local attacker to cause a denial of service via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
  "id": "GHSA-32x7-f6p3-x83q",
  "modified": "2026-06-05T21:32:03Z",
  "published": "2026-06-05T00:31:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-11290"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/502264647"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.

CAPEC-146: XML Schema Poisoning

An adversary corrupts or modifies the content of XML schema information passed between a client and server for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. XML Schemas provide the structure and content definitions for XML documents. Schema poisoning is the ability to manipulate a schema either by replacing or modifying it to compromise the programs that process documents that use this schema.

CAPEC-226: Session Credential Falsification through Manipulation

An attacker manipulates an existing credential in order to gain access to a target application. Session credentials allow users to identify themselves to a service after an initial authentication without needing to resend the authentication information (usually a username and password) with every message. An attacker may be able to manipulate a credential sniffed from an existing connection in order to gain access to a target server.

CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies

This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.

CAPEC-39: Manipulating Opaque Client-based Data Tokens

In circumstances where an application holds important data client-side in tokens (cookies, URLs, data files, and so forth) that data can be manipulated. If client or server-side application components reinterpret that data as authentication tokens or data (such as store item pricing or wallet information) then even opaquely manipulating that data may bear fruit for an Attacker. In this pattern an attacker undermines the assumption that client side tokens have been adequately protected from tampering through use of encryption or obfuscation.

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