Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-409
AllowedImproper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product does not handle or incorrectly handles a compressed input with a very high compression ratio that produces a large output.
148 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2024-28180 (GCVE-0-2024-28180)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-09 00:54 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:47
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Go JOSE vulnerable to Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Summary
Package jose aims to provide an implementation of the Javascript Object Signing and Encryption set of standards. An attacker could send a JWE containing compressed data that used large amounts of memory and CPU when decompressed by Decrypt or DecryptMulti. Those functions now return an error if the decompressed data would exceed 250kB or 10x the compressed size (whichever is larger). This vulnerability has been patched in versions 4.0.1, 3.0.3 and 2.6.3.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
13 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| go-jose | go-jose |
Affected:
< 4.0.1
Affected: < 3.0.3 Affected: < 2.6.3 |
|
| go-jose_project | go-jose |
Affected:
0 , < 4.0.1
(custom)
Affected: 0 , < 3.0.3 (custom) Affected: 0 , < 2.6.3 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:go-jose_project:go-jose:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-28101 (GCVE-0-2024-28101)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-06 21:07 – Updated: 2024-08-05 16:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apollo Router's Compressed Payloads do not respect HTTP Payload Limits
Summary
The Apollo Router is a graph router written in Rust to run a federated supergraph that uses Apollo Federation. Versions 0.9.5 until 1.40.2 are subject to a Denial-of-Service (DoS) type vulnerability. When receiving compressed HTTP payloads, affected versions of the Router evaluate the `limits.http_max_request_bytes` configuration option after the entirety of the compressed payload is decompressed. If affected versions of the Router receive highly compressed payloads, this could result in significant memory consumption while the compressed payload is expanded. Router version 1.40.2 has a fix for the vulnerability. Those who are unable to upgrade may be able to implement mitigations at proxies or load balancers positioned in front of their Router fleet (e.g. Nginx, HAProxy, or cloud-native WAF services) by creating limits on HTTP body upload size.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/apollographql/router/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/apollographql/router/commit/9e… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| apollographql | router |
Affected:
>= 0.9.5, < 1.40.2
|
|
| apollographql | apollo_router |
Affected:
0.9.5 , < 1.40.2
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:apollographql:apollo_router:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-12886 (GCVE-0-2024-12886)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-20 10:10 – Updated: 2025-10-15 12:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Out-Of-Memory (OOM) Vulnerability in ollama/ollama
Summary
An Out-Of-Memory (OOM) vulnerability exists in the `ollama` server version 0.3.14. This vulnerability can be triggered when a malicious API server responds with a gzip bomb HTTP response, leading to the `ollama` server crashing. The vulnerability is present in the `makeRequestWithRetry` and `getAuthorizationToken` functions, which use `io.ReadAll` to read the response body. This can result in excessive memory usage and a Denial of Service (DoS) condition.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ollama | ollama/ollama |
Affected:
unspecified , ≤ latest
(custom)
|
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CVE-2024-12387 (GCVE-0-2024-12387)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-20 10:11 – Updated: 2025-10-15 12:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Improper Input Validation in binary-husky/gpt_academic
Summary
A vulnerability in the binary-husky/gpt_academic repository, as of commit git 3890467, allows an attacker to crash the server by uploading a specially crafted zip bomb. The server decompresses the uploaded file and attempts to load it into memory, which can lead to an out-of-memory crash. This issue arises due to improper input validation when handling compressed file uploads.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| binary-husky | binary-husky/gpt_academic |
Affected:
unspecified , ≤ latest
(custom)
|
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CVE-2024-7765 (GCVE-0-2024-7765)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-20 10:08 – Updated: 2025-03-20 14:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Denial of Service in h2oai/h2o-3
Summary
In h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.46.0.2, a vulnerability exists where uploading and repeatedly parsing a large GZIP file can cause a denial of service. The server becomes unresponsive due to memory exhaustion and a large number of concurrent slow-running jobs. This issue arises from the improper handling of highly compressed data, leading to significant data amplification.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| h2oai | h2oai/h2o-3 |
Affected:
unspecified , ≤ latest
(custom)
|
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CVE-2024-3572 (GCVE-0-2024-3572)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-16 00:00 – Updated: 2024-08-01 20:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
XML External Entity (XXE) Vulnerability in scrapy/scrapy
Summary
The scrapy/scrapy project is vulnerable to XML External Entity (XXE) attacks due to the use of lxml.etree.fromstring for parsing untrusted XML data without proper validation. This vulnerability allows attackers to perform denial of service attacks, access local files, generate network connections, or circumvent firewalls by submitting specially crafted XML data.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| scrapy | scrapy/scrapy |
Affected:
unspecified , < 2.11.1
(custom)
|
|
| scrapy | scrapy |
Affected:
0 , < 2.11.1
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:scrapy:scrapy:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-1947 (GCVE-0-2024-1947)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-23 11:02 – Updated: 2024-10-03 06:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification) in GitLab
Summary
A denial of service (DoS) condition was discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 13.2.4 before 16.10.6, 16.11 before 16.11.3, and 17.0 before 17.0.1. By leveraging this vulnerability an attacker could create a DoS condition by sending crafted API calls.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/443559 | issue-trackingpermissions-required |
| https://hackerone.com/reports/2380264 | technical-descriptionexploitpermissions-required |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2023-26483 (GCVE-0-2023-26483)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-03 22:02 – Updated: 2025-02-25 15:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
gosaml2 vulnerable to Denial of Service via deflate decompression bomb
Summary
gosaml2 is a Pure Go implementation of SAML 2.0. SAML Service Providers using this library for SAML authentication support are likely susceptible to Denial of Service attacks. A bug in this library enables attackers to craft a `deflate`-compressed request which will consume significantly more memory during processing than the size of the original request. This may eventually lead to memory exhaustion and the process being killed. The maximum compression ratio achievable with `deflate` is 1032:1, so by limiting the size of bodies passed to gosaml2, limiting the rate and concurrency of calls, and ensuring that lots of memory is available to the process it _may_ be possible to help Go's garbage collector "keep up". Implementors are encouraged not to rely on this. This issue is fixed in version 0.9.0.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/russellhaering/gosaml2/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/russellhaering/gosaml2/commit/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/russellhaering/gosaml2/release… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2023-1602 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| russellhaering | gosaml2 |
Affected:
< 0.9.0
|
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CVE-2023-0821 (GCVE-0-2023-0821)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-02-16 21:23 – Updated: 2025-03-18 14:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Nomad Client Vulnerable to Decompression Bombs in Artifact Block
Summary
HashiCorp Nomad and Nomad Enterprise 1.2.15 up to 1.3.8, and 1.4.3 jobs using a maliciously compressed artifact stanza source can cause excessive disk usage. Fixed in 1.2.16, 1.3.9, and 1.4.4.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| HashiCorp | Nomad |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.2.15
(semver)
Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.3.8 (semver) Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.4.3 (semver) |
|
| HashiCorp | Nomad Enterprise |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.2.15
(semver)
Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.3.8 (semver) Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.4.3 (semver) |
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CVE-2023-0475 (GCVE-0-2023-0475)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-02-16 18:35 – Updated: 2025-03-18 14:39
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Go-Getter Vulnerable to Decompression Bombs
Summary
HashiCorp go-getter up to 1.6.2 and 2.1.1 is vulnerable to decompression bombs. Fixed in 1.7.0 and 2.2.0.
Severity
4.2 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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No mitigation information available for this CWE.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.