Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-328
AllowedUse of Weak Hash
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product uses an algorithm that produces a digest (output value) that does not meet security expectations for a hash function that allows an adversary to reasonably determine the original input (preimage attack), find another input that can produce the same hash (2nd preimage attack), or find multiple inputs that evaluate to the same hash (birthday attack).
149 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-41652 (GCVE-0-2025-41652)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-27 08:38 – Updated: 2025-08-22 10:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Weidmueller: Authentication Bypass Vulnerability in Industrial Ethernet Switches
Summary
The devices are vulnerable to an authentication bypass due to flaws in the authorization mechanism. An unauthenticated remote attacker could exploit this weakness by performing brute-force attacks to guess valid credentials or by using MD5 collision techniques to forge authentication hashes, potentially compromising the device.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-328 - Use of Weak Hash
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
13 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Weidmueller | IE-SW-VL05M-5TX |
Affected:
0.0.0 , < 3.6.32
(semver)
|
|
| Weidmueller | IE-SW-VL05MT-5TX |
Affected:
0.0.0 , < 3.6.32
(semver)
|
|
| Weidmueller | IE-SW-VL08MT-8TX |
Affected:
0.0.0 , < 3.6.32
(semver)
|
|
| Weidmueller | IE-SW-VL08MT-5TX-1SC-2SCS |
Affected:
0.0.0 , < 3.5.36
(semver)
|
|
| Weidmueller | IE-SW-VL08MT-6TX-2SC |
Affected:
0.0.0 , < 3.5.36
(semver)
|
|
| Weidmueller | IE-SW-VL08MT-6TX-2ST |
Affected:
0.0.0 , < 3.5.36
(semver)
|
|
| Weidmueller | IE-SW-VL08MT-6TX-2SCS |
Affected:
0.0.0 , < 3.5.36
(semver)
|
|
| Weidmueller | IE-SW-PL10M-3GT-7TX |
Affected:
0.0.0 , < 3.3.34
(semver)
|
|
| Weidmueller | IE-SW-PL10MT-3GT-7TX |
Affected:
0.0.0 , < 3.3.34
(semver)
|
|
| Weidmueller | IE-SW-PL16M-16TX |
Affected:
0.0.0 , < 3.4.32
(semver)
|
|
| Weidmueller | IE-SW-PL16MT-16TX |
Affected:
0.0.0 , < 3.4.32
(semver)
|
|
| Weidmueller | IE-SW-PL18M-2GC-16TX |
Affected:
0.0.0 , < 3.4.40
(semver)
|
|
| Weidmueller | IE-SW-PL18MT-2GC-16TX |
Affected:
0.0.0 , < 3.4.40
(semver)
|
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CVE-2025-41256 (GCVE-0-2025-41256)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-25 09:16 – Updated: 2025-06-25 13:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cyberduck and Mountain Duck - Weak Hash Algorithm for Certificate Fingerprint
Summary
Cyberduck and Mountain Duck improper handle TLS certificate pinning for untrusted certificates (e.g., self-signed), since the certificate fingerprint is stored as SHA-1, although SHA-1 is considered weak.
This issue affects Cyberduck: through 9.1.6; Mountain Duck: through 4.17.5.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-328 - Use of Weak Hash
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/sbaresearch/advisories/tree/pu… | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/iterate-ch/cyberduck/security/… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| iterate GmbH | Cyberduck |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 9.1.6
(semver)
|
|
| iterate GmbH | Mountain Duck |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 4.17.5
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-31130 (GCVE-0-2025-31130)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-04 14:41 – Updated: 2026-01-23 17:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
gitoxide does not detect SHA-1 collision attacks
Summary
gitoxide is an implementation of git written in Rust. Before 0.42.0, gitoxide uses SHA-1 hash implementations without any collision detection, leaving it vulnerable to hash collision attacks. gitoxide uses the sha1_smol or sha1 crate, both of which implement standard SHA-1 without any mitigations for collision attacks. This means that two distinct Git objects with colliding SHA-1 hashes would break the Git object model and integrity checks when used with gitoxide. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.42.0.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-328 - Use of Weak Hash
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/GitoxideLabs/gitoxide/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/GitoxideLabs/gitoxide/commit/f… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GitoxideLabs | gitoxide |
Affected:
< 0.42.0
|
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CVE-2025-27595 (GCVE-0-2025-27595)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-14 12:53 – Updated: 2025-03-14 13:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Weak hashing alghrythm
Summary
The device uses a weak hashing alghorithm to create the password hash. Hence, a matching password can be easily calculated by an attacker. This impacts the security and the integrity of the device.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-328 - Use of Weak Hash
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://sick.com/psirt | x_SICK PSIRT Website |
| https://cdn.sick.com/media/docs/1/11/411/Special_… | x_SICK Operating Guidelines |
| https://www.cisa.gov/resources-tools/resources/ic… | x_ICS-CERT recommended practices on Industrial Security |
| https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1 | x_CVSS v3.1 Calculator |
| https://www.sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/… | vendor-advisoryx_csaf |
| https://github.security.telekom.com/2025/03/multi… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SICK AG | SICK DL100-2xxxxxxx |
Affected:
all versions
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-03-14 12:32
Credits
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CVE-2025-26486 (GCVE-0-2025-26486)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-19 15:46 – Updated: 2025-07-02 14:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm, Use of Password Hash
With Insufficient Computational Effort, Use of Weak Hash, Use of a
One-Way Hash with a Predictable Salt vulnerabilities in Beta80 "Life 1st Identity Manager"
enable an attacker with access to
password hashes
to bruteforce user passwords or find a collision to ultimately while attempting to gain access to a target application that uses "Life 1st Identity Manager" as a service for authentication.
This issue affects Life 1st: 1.5.2.14234.
Severity
6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.cvcn.gov.it/cvcn/cve/CVE-2025-26486 | government-resource |
| https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/CVE-20… | vdb-entry |
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CVE-2025-21604 (GCVE-0-2025-21604)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-06 15:34 – Updated: 2025-01-06 16:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
LangChain4j-AIDeepin Using MD5 to Hash files may cause file upload conflicts
Summary
LangChain4j-AIDeepin is a Retrieval enhancement generation (RAG) project. Prior to 3.5.0, LangChain4j-AIDeepin uses MD5 to hash files, which may cause file upload conflicts. This issue is fixed in 3.5.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-328 - Use of Weak Hash
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/moyangzhan/langchain4j-aideepi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/moyangzhan/langchain4j-aideepi… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| moyangzhan | langchain4j-aideepin |
Affected:
< 3.5.0
|
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CVE-2025-14636 (GCVE-0-2025-14636)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-13 19:02 – Updated: 2026-02-24 05:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Tenda AX9 httpd image_check weak hash
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in Tenda AX9 22.03.01.46. This affects the function image_check of the component httpd. The manipulation results in use of weak hash. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. A high complexity level is associated with this attack. It is indicated that the exploitability is difficult. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.336361 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.336361 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.707213 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/IOTRes/IOT_Firmware_Update/blo… | exploitpatch |
| https://www.tenda.com.cn/ | product |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2025-11650 (GCVE-0-2025-11650)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-12 23:02 – Updated: 2025-10-20 04:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Tomofun Furbo 360/Furbo Mini Password shadow weak hash
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in Tomofun Furbo 360 and Furbo Mini. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /etc/shadow of the component Password Handler. Executing manipulation can lead to use of weak hash. The physical device can be targeted for the attack. The attack requires a high level of complexity. The exploitability is regarded as difficult. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The firmware versions determined to be affected are Furbo 360 up to FB0035_FW_036 and Furbo Mini up to MC0020_FW_074. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.328061 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.328061 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.662771 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/dead1nfluence/Furbo-Advisories… | exploit |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tomofun | Furbo 360 |
Affected:
n/a
|
|
| Tomofun | Furbo Mini |
Affected:
n/a
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-9383 (GCVE-0-2025-9383)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-24 09:32 – Updated: 2025-08-25 20:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FNKvision Y215 CCTV Camera passwd crypt weak hash
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in FNKvision Y215 CCTV Camera 10.194.120.40. This issue affects the function crypt of the file /etc/passwd. The manipulation leads to use of weak hash. The attack can only be performed from a local environment. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is assessed as difficult. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.321216 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321216 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.629813 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vorachat.somsuay.com/blog/Hacking%20CCTV%… | related |
| https://vorachat.somsuay.com/blog/Hacking%20CCTV%… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| FNKvision | Y215 CCTV Camera |
Affected:
10.194.120.40
|
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CVE-2025-9078 (GCVE-0-2025-9078)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-15 10:10 – Updated: 2025-09-15 13:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Weak cache keys lead to post IDOR and link preview poisoning
Summary
Mattermost versions 10.8.x <= 10.8.3, 10.5.x <= 10.5.8, 9.11.x <= 9.11.17, 10.10.x <= 10.10.1, 10.9.x <= 10.9.3 fail to properly validate cache keys for link metadata which allows authenticated users to access unauthorized posts and poison link previews via hash collision attacks on FNV-1 hashing
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-328 - Use of Weak Hash
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mattermost | Mattermost |
Affected:
10.8.0 , ≤ 10.8.3
(semver)
Affected: 10.5.0 , ≤ 10.5.8 (semver) Affected: 9.11.0 , ≤ 9.11.17 (semver) Affected: 10.10.0 , ≤ 10.10.1 (semver) Affected: 10.9.0 , ≤ 10.9.3 (semver) Unaffected: 10.11.0 Unaffected: 10.8.4 Unaffected: 10.5.9 Unaffected: 9.11.18 Unaffected: 10.10.2 Unaffected: 10.9.4 |
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Mitigation MIT-51
Architecture and Design
- Use an adaptive hash function that can be configured to change the amount of computational effort needed to compute the hash, such as the number of iterations ("stretching") or the amount of memory required. Some hash functions perform salting automatically. These functions can significantly increase the overhead for a brute force attack compared to intentionally-fast functions such as MD5. For example, rainbow table attacks can become infeasible due to the high computing overhead. Finally, since computing power gets faster and cheaper over time, the technique can be reconfigured to increase the workload without forcing an entire replacement of the algorithm in use.
- Some hash functions that have one or more of these desired properties include bcrypt [REF-291], scrypt [REF-292], and PBKDF2 [REF-293]. While there is active debate about which of these is the most effective, they are all stronger than using salts with hash functions with very little computing overhead.
- Note that using these functions can have an impact on performance, so they require special consideration to avoid denial-of-service attacks. However, their configurability provides finer control over how much CPU and memory is used, so it could be adjusted to suit the environment's needs.
CAPEC-461: Web Services API Signature Forgery Leveraging Hash Function Extension Weakness
An adversary utilizes a hash function extension/padding weakness, to modify the parameters passed to the web service requesting authentication by generating their own call in order to generate a legitimate signature hash (as described in the notes), without knowledge of the secret token sometimes provided by the web service.
CAPEC-68: Subvert Code-signing Facilities
Many languages use code signing facilities to vouch for code's identity and to thus tie code to its assigned privileges within an environment. Subverting this mechanism can be instrumental in an attacker escalating privilege. Any means of subverting the way that a virtual machine enforces code signing classifies for this style of attack.