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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-321

Allowed

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

The product uses a hard-coded, unchangeable cryptographic key.

583 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-CR3P-H54G-QJ4W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-20 00:30 – Updated: 2024-08-29 21:31
VLAI
Details

Yealink Config Encrypt Tool add RSA before 1.2 has a built-in RSA key pair, and thus there is a risk of decryption by an adversary.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-48625"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-20T00:15:14Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Yealink Config Encrypt Tool add RSA before 1.2 has a built-in RSA key pair, and thus there is a risk of decryption by an adversary.",
  "id": "GHSA-cr3p-h54g-qj4w",
  "modified": "2024-08-29T21:31:01Z",
  "published": "2024-02-20T00:30:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48625"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.yealink.com/en/trust-center/security-advisories/yealink-config-encrypt-tool-hardcoded-encryption-password-vulnerability"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CRFW-6Q9F-W49F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-24 15:31 – Updated: 2026-08-24 15:31
VLAI
Details

act starts an HTTP Artifacts V4 backend whenever a workflow uses actions/upload-artifact@v4 or actions/download-artifact@v4. The control-plane RPCs of that backend, including CreateArtifact, GetSignedArtifactURL, ListArtifacts, FinalizeArtifact and DeleteArtifact, accept a caller-supplied workflow_run_backend_id and never check that it belongs to the requester: validateRunIDV4 in pkg/artifacts/artifacts_v4.go parses the value and returns it with the comparison against the requesting task's run ID left commented out. The signed URLs the backend issues are authenticated by an HMAC whose key is hardcoded to the four bytes 0xba 0xdb 0xee 0xf0, identical in every build, computed over a concatenation of endpoint, expiry, artifact name and task ID with no length prefix or delimiter, so signatures are both forgeable and ambiguous between differing artifact name and task ID pairs. The --artifact-server-addr flag defaults to the host's outbound address rather than loopback, leaving the backend reachable from the surrounding network. Any client that can reach it may read, overwrite or delete the artifacts of a concurrently running job with no credentials, exposing build outputs such as secrets and deployment credentials and permitting their replacement before the owning job consumes them.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-76847"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-24T14:17:02Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "act starts an HTTP Artifacts V4 backend whenever a workflow uses actions/upload-artifact@v4 or actions/download-artifact@v4. The control-plane RPCs of that backend, including CreateArtifact, GetSignedArtifactURL, ListArtifacts, FinalizeArtifact and DeleteArtifact, accept a caller-supplied workflow_run_backend_id and never check that it belongs to the requester: validateRunIDV4 in pkg/artifacts/artifacts_v4.go parses the value and returns it with the comparison against the requesting task\u0027s run ID left commented out. The signed URLs the backend issues are authenticated by an HMAC whose key is hardcoded to the four bytes 0xba 0xdb 0xee 0xf0, identical in every build, computed over a concatenation of endpoint, expiry, artifact name and task ID with no length prefix or delimiter, so signatures are both forgeable and ambiguous between differing artifact name and task ID pairs. The --artifact-server-addr flag defaults to the host\u0027s outbound address rather than loopback, leaving the backend reachable from the surrounding network. Any client that can reach it may read, overwrite or delete the artifacts of a concurrently running job with no credentials, exposing build outputs such as secrets and deployment credentials and permitting their replacement before the owning job consumes them.",
  "id": "GHSA-crfw-6q9f-w49f",
  "modified": "2026-08-24T15:31:51Z",
  "published": "2026-08-24T15:31:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-76847"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nektos/act"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nektos/act/blob/v0.2.89/cmd/root.go"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nektos/act/blob/v0.2.89/pkg/artifacts/artifacts_v4.go"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/act-through-missing-authorization-in-the-artifacts-v4-backend"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CV37-J7VW-C2GC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-08 21:31 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:52
VLAI
Details

AXIS OS 11.0.X - 11.3.x use a static RSA key in legacy LUA-components to protect Axis-specific source code. The static RSA key is not used in any other secure communication nor can it be used to compromise the device or any customer data.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-21404"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-311",
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-08T21:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "AXIS OS 11.0.X - 11.3.x use a static RSA key in legacy LUA-components to protect Axis-specific source code. The static RSA key is not used in any other secure communication nor can it be used to compromise the device or any customer data.",
  "id": "GHSA-cv37-j7vw-c2gc",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:52:42Z",
  "published": "2023-05-08T21:31:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-21404"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.axis.com/dam/public/07/0a/20/cve-2023-21404-en-US-398426.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CX6M-HWFJ-FVVW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-14 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:15
VLAI
Details

Delta Industrial Automation DIALink versions 1.4.0.0 and prior are vulnerable to the use of a hard-coded cryptographic key which could allow an attacker to decrypt sensitive data and compromise the machine.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-2660"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321",
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-13T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Delta Industrial Automation DIALink versions 1.4.0.0 and prior are vulnerable to the use of a hard-coded cryptographic key which could allow an attacker to decrypt sensitive data and compromise the machine.",
  "id": "GHSA-cx6m-hwfj-fvvw",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:15:50Z",
  "published": "2022-12-14T00:30:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2660"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-22-235-02"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-F4HF-W5C6-R4P5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-04 18:31 – Updated: 2026-09-04 18:31
VLAI
Details

PowerJob Server version 5.1.2 (and likely earlier) uses a predictable JWT signing key for HS256-based authentication. This allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-75431"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-04T16:17:59Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "PowerJob Server version 5.1.2 (and likely earlier) uses a predictable JWT signing key for HS256-based authentication. This allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code.",
  "id": "GHSA-f4hf-w5c6-r4p5",
  "modified": "2026-09-04T18:31:24Z",
  "published": "2026-09-04T18:31:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-75431"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/unpredictable21/39e6ce22e4bc45b0e553d0fa6a6e4d1c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/PowerJob/PowerJob/blob/master/docker-compose.yml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/PowerJob/PowerJob/blob/master/powerjob-server/powerjob-server-auth/src/main/java/tech/powerjob/server/auth/jwt/impl/DefaultSecretProvider.java"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/PowerJob/PowerJob/blob/master/powerjob-server/powerjob-server-auth/src/main/java/tech/powerjob/server/auth/jwt/impl/JwtServiceImpl.java"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/PowerJob/PowerJob/blob/master/powerjob-server/powerjob-server-openapi/src/main/java/tech/powerjob/server/openapi/service/impl/OpenApiSecurityServiceImpl.java"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/PowerJob/PowerJob/blob/master/powerjob-server/powerjob-server-starter/src/main/resources/application-daily.properties"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-F63J-FM2W-2WXH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-30 18:30 – Updated: 2024-08-01 15:31
VLAI
Details

SimpleMiningOS through v1259 ships with SSH host keys baked into the installation image, which allows man-in-the-middle attacks and makes identification of all public IPv4 nodes trivial with Shodan.io. NOTE: the vendor indicated that they have no plans to fix this, and discourage deployment using public IPv4.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-19753"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-30T18:15:19Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "SimpleMiningOS through v1259 ships with SSH host keys baked into the installation image, which allows man-in-the-middle attacks and makes identification of all public IPv4 nodes trivial with Shodan.io. NOTE: the vendor indicated that they have no plans to fix this, and discourage deployment using public IPv4.",
  "id": "GHSA-f63j-fm2w-2wxh",
  "modified": "2024-08-01T15:31:43Z",
  "published": "2024-04-30T18:30:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19753"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rsaxvc.net/blog/2020/4/10/Widespread_re-use_of_SSH_Host_Keys_in_Ethereum_Mining_Rig_Operating_Systems.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://simplemining.net/page/changelog"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-F6HW-3RGQ-5RHV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-29 09:30 – Updated: 2026-04-29 09:30
VLAI
Details

This vulnerability exists in e-Sushrut due to disclosure of sensitive information and hardcoded AES encryption keys in client-side JavaScript. An unauthenticated remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by accessing the client-side code to extract sensitive information and cryptographic keys.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to exposure of sensitive data and compromise of cryptographic protections on the targeted system.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-42518"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-29T09:16:25Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "This vulnerability exists in e-Sushrut due to disclosure of sensitive information and hardcoded AES encryption keys in client-side JavaScript. An unauthenticated remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by accessing the client-side code to extract sensitive information and cryptographic keys.\n\nSuccessful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to exposure of sensitive data and compromise of cryptographic protections on the targeted system.",
  "id": "GHSA-f6hw-3rgq-5rhv",
  "modified": "2026-04-29T09:30:25Z",
  "published": "2026-04-29T09:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42518"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cert-in.org.in/s2cMainServlet?pageid=PUBVLNOTES01\u0026VLCODE=CIVN-2026-0207"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-F7MM-6F83-Q4XX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-30 18:30 – Updated: 2024-11-07 00:30
VLAI
Details

HiveOS through 0.6-102@191212 ships with SSH host keys baked into the installation image, which allows man-in-the-middle attacks and makes identification of all public IPv4 nodes trivial with Shodan.io. NOTE: as of 2019-09-26, the vendor indicated that they would consider fixing this.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-19754"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-30T18:15:19Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "HiveOS through 0.6-102@191212 ships with SSH host keys baked into the installation image, which allows man-in-the-middle attacks and makes identification of all public IPv4 nodes trivial with Shodan.io. NOTE: as of 2019-09-26, the vendor indicated that they would consider fixing this.",
  "id": "GHSA-f7mm-6f83-q4xx",
  "modified": "2024-11-07T00:30:35Z",
  "published": "2024-04-30T18:30:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19754"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hiveos.farm/changelog"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rsaxvc.net/blog/2020/4/10/Widespread_re-use_of_SSH_Host_Keys_in_Ethereum_Mining_Rig_Operating_Systems.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-F96F-M7RH-GPHP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-11 15:32 – Updated: 2026-08-11 15:32
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in LOGO! Soft Comfort (All versions < V9). Affected products use a static, hardcoded AES master key to encrypt project files. This could allow a local attacker to extract the master key from the application files or memory and use it to decrypt project files or remove project passwords entirely without knowing the actual user-defined password.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-57262"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-11T13:18:59Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in LOGO! Soft Comfort (All versions \u003c V9). Affected products use a static, hardcoded AES master key to encrypt project files. This could allow a local attacker to extract the master key from the application files or memory and use it to decrypt project files or remove project passwords entirely without knowing the actual user-defined password.",
  "id": "GHSA-f96f-m7rh-gphp",
  "modified": "2026-08-11T15:32:36Z",
  "published": "2026-08-11T15:32:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-57262"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-751328.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FMX3-XGW6-W7G2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-18 21:30 – Updated: 2026-06-04 21:31
VLAI
Details

The secret used for validating authentication tokens is hardcoded in device firmware for affected versions. An attacker who obtains the signing key can bypass authentication, gaining complete access to the system.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-54807"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-321"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-18T21:15:48Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The secret used for validating authentication tokens is hardcoded in \ndevice firmware for affected versions. An attacker who obtains the \nsigning key can bypass authentication, gaining complete access to the \nsystem.",
  "id": "GHSA-fmx3-xgw6-w7g2",
  "modified": "2026-06-04T21:31:16Z",
  "published": "2025-09-18T21:30:57Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54807"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2025/icsa-25-261-07.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-261-07"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.doverfuelingsolutions.com/mea/en/products-and-solutions/automatic-tank-gauging/consoles/progauge-maglink-lx-4-console.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Prevention schemes mirror that of hard-coded password storage.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.