CWE-321
AllowedUse of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
The product uses a hard-coded, unchangeable cryptographic key.
583 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-CR3P-H54G-QJ4W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-20 00:30 – Updated: 2024-08-29 21:31Yealink Config Encrypt Tool add RSA before 1.2 has a built-in RSA key pair, and thus there is a risk of decryption by an adversary.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-48625"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-321"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-20T00:15:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Yealink Config Encrypt Tool add RSA before 1.2 has a built-in RSA key pair, and thus there is a risk of decryption by an adversary.",
"id": "GHSA-cr3p-h54g-qj4w",
"modified": "2024-08-29T21:31:01Z",
"published": "2024-02-20T00:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48625"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.yealink.com/en/trust-center/security-advisories/yealink-config-encrypt-tool-hardcoded-encryption-password-vulnerability"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CRFW-6Q9F-W49F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-24 15:31 – Updated: 2026-08-24 15:31act starts an HTTP Artifacts V4 backend whenever a workflow uses actions/upload-artifact@v4 or actions/download-artifact@v4. The control-plane RPCs of that backend, including CreateArtifact, GetSignedArtifactURL, ListArtifacts, FinalizeArtifact and DeleteArtifact, accept a caller-supplied workflow_run_backend_id and never check that it belongs to the requester: validateRunIDV4 in pkg/artifacts/artifacts_v4.go parses the value and returns it with the comparison against the requesting task's run ID left commented out. The signed URLs the backend issues are authenticated by an HMAC whose key is hardcoded to the four bytes 0xba 0xdb 0xee 0xf0, identical in every build, computed over a concatenation of endpoint, expiry, artifact name and task ID with no length prefix or delimiter, so signatures are both forgeable and ambiguous between differing artifact name and task ID pairs. The --artifact-server-addr flag defaults to the host's outbound address rather than loopback, leaving the backend reachable from the surrounding network. Any client that can reach it may read, overwrite or delete the artifacts of a concurrently running job with no credentials, exposing build outputs such as secrets and deployment credentials and permitting their replacement before the owning job consumes them.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-76847"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-321"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-24T14:17:02Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "act starts an HTTP Artifacts V4 backend whenever a workflow uses actions/upload-artifact@v4 or actions/download-artifact@v4. The control-plane RPCs of that backend, including CreateArtifact, GetSignedArtifactURL, ListArtifacts, FinalizeArtifact and DeleteArtifact, accept a caller-supplied workflow_run_backend_id and never check that it belongs to the requester: validateRunIDV4 in pkg/artifacts/artifacts_v4.go parses the value and returns it with the comparison against the requesting task\u0027s run ID left commented out. The signed URLs the backend issues are authenticated by an HMAC whose key is hardcoded to the four bytes 0xba 0xdb 0xee 0xf0, identical in every build, computed over a concatenation of endpoint, expiry, artifact name and task ID with no length prefix or delimiter, so signatures are both forgeable and ambiguous between differing artifact name and task ID pairs. The --artifact-server-addr flag defaults to the host\u0027s outbound address rather than loopback, leaving the backend reachable from the surrounding network. Any client that can reach it may read, overwrite or delete the artifacts of a concurrently running job with no credentials, exposing build outputs such as secrets and deployment credentials and permitting their replacement before the owning job consumes them.",
"id": "GHSA-crfw-6q9f-w49f",
"modified": "2026-08-24T15:31:51Z",
"published": "2026-08-24T15:31:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-76847"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nektos/act"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nektos/act/blob/v0.2.89/cmd/root.go"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nektos/act/blob/v0.2.89/pkg/artifacts/artifacts_v4.go"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/act-through-missing-authorization-in-the-artifacts-v4-backend"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CV37-J7VW-C2GC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-08 21:31 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:52AXIS OS 11.0.X - 11.3.x use a static RSA key in legacy LUA-components to protect Axis-specific source code. The static RSA key is not used in any other secure communication nor can it be used to compromise the device or any customer data.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-21404"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-311",
"CWE-321"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-08T21:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "AXIS OS 11.0.X - 11.3.x use a static RSA key in legacy LUA-components to protect Axis-specific source code. The static RSA key is not used in any other secure communication nor can it be used to compromise the device or any customer data.",
"id": "GHSA-cv37-j7vw-c2gc",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:52:42Z",
"published": "2023-05-08T21:31:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-21404"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.axis.com/dam/public/07/0a/20/cve-2023-21404-en-US-398426.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CX6M-HWFJ-FVVW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-14 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:15Delta Industrial Automation DIALink versions 1.4.0.0 and prior are vulnerable to the use of a hard-coded cryptographic key which could allow an attacker to decrypt sensitive data and compromise the machine.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-2660"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-321",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-13T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Delta Industrial Automation DIALink versions 1.4.0.0 and prior are vulnerable to the use of a hard-coded cryptographic key which could allow an attacker to decrypt sensitive data and compromise the machine.",
"id": "GHSA-cx6m-hwfj-fvvw",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:15:50Z",
"published": "2022-12-14T00:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2660"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-22-235-02"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F4HF-W5C6-R4P5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-04 18:31 – Updated: 2026-09-04 18:31PowerJob Server version 5.1.2 (and likely earlier) uses a predictable JWT signing key for HS256-based authentication. This allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-75431"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-321"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-04T16:17:59Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "PowerJob Server version 5.1.2 (and likely earlier) uses a predictable JWT signing key for HS256-based authentication. This allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-f4hf-w5c6-r4p5",
"modified": "2026-09-04T18:31:24Z",
"published": "2026-09-04T18:31:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-75431"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/unpredictable21/39e6ce22e4bc45b0e553d0fa6a6e4d1c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/PowerJob/PowerJob/blob/master/docker-compose.yml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/PowerJob/PowerJob/blob/master/powerjob-server/powerjob-server-auth/src/main/java/tech/powerjob/server/auth/jwt/impl/DefaultSecretProvider.java"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/PowerJob/PowerJob/blob/master/powerjob-server/powerjob-server-auth/src/main/java/tech/powerjob/server/auth/jwt/impl/JwtServiceImpl.java"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/PowerJob/PowerJob/blob/master/powerjob-server/powerjob-server-openapi/src/main/java/tech/powerjob/server/openapi/service/impl/OpenApiSecurityServiceImpl.java"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/PowerJob/PowerJob/blob/master/powerjob-server/powerjob-server-starter/src/main/resources/application-daily.properties"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F63J-FM2W-2WXH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-30 18:30 – Updated: 2024-08-01 15:31SimpleMiningOS through v1259 ships with SSH host keys baked into the installation image, which allows man-in-the-middle attacks and makes identification of all public IPv4 nodes trivial with Shodan.io. NOTE: the vendor indicated that they have no plans to fix this, and discourage deployment using public IPv4.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-19753"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-321"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-30T18:15:19Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "SimpleMiningOS through v1259 ships with SSH host keys baked into the installation image, which allows man-in-the-middle attacks and makes identification of all public IPv4 nodes trivial with Shodan.io. NOTE: the vendor indicated that they have no plans to fix this, and discourage deployment using public IPv4.",
"id": "GHSA-f63j-fm2w-2wxh",
"modified": "2024-08-01T15:31:43Z",
"published": "2024-04-30T18:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19753"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rsaxvc.net/blog/2020/4/10/Widespread_re-use_of_SSH_Host_Keys_in_Ethereum_Mining_Rig_Operating_Systems.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://simplemining.net/page/changelog"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F6HW-3RGQ-5RHV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-29 09:30 – Updated: 2026-04-29 09:30This vulnerability exists in e-Sushrut due to disclosure of sensitive information and hardcoded AES encryption keys in client-side JavaScript. An unauthenticated remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by accessing the client-side code to extract sensitive information and cryptographic keys.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to exposure of sensitive data and compromise of cryptographic protections on the targeted system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-42518"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-321"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-29T09:16:25Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability exists in e-Sushrut due to disclosure of sensitive information and hardcoded AES encryption keys in client-side JavaScript. An unauthenticated remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by accessing the client-side code to extract sensitive information and cryptographic keys.\n\nSuccessful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to exposure of sensitive data and compromise of cryptographic protections on the targeted system.",
"id": "GHSA-f6hw-3rgq-5rhv",
"modified": "2026-04-29T09:30:25Z",
"published": "2026-04-29T09:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42518"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cert-in.org.in/s2cMainServlet?pageid=PUBVLNOTES01\u0026VLCODE=CIVN-2026-0207"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-F7MM-6F83-Q4XX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-30 18:30 – Updated: 2024-11-07 00:30HiveOS through 0.6-102@191212 ships with SSH host keys baked into the installation image, which allows man-in-the-middle attacks and makes identification of all public IPv4 nodes trivial with Shodan.io. NOTE: as of 2019-09-26, the vendor indicated that they would consider fixing this.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-19754"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-321"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-30T18:15:19Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "HiveOS through 0.6-102@191212 ships with SSH host keys baked into the installation image, which allows man-in-the-middle attacks and makes identification of all public IPv4 nodes trivial with Shodan.io. NOTE: as of 2019-09-26, the vendor indicated that they would consider fixing this.",
"id": "GHSA-f7mm-6f83-q4xx",
"modified": "2024-11-07T00:30:35Z",
"published": "2024-04-30T18:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19754"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hiveos.farm/changelog"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rsaxvc.net/blog/2020/4/10/Widespread_re-use_of_SSH_Host_Keys_in_Ethereum_Mining_Rig_Operating_Systems.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F96F-M7RH-GPHP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-11 15:32 – Updated: 2026-08-11 15:32A vulnerability has been identified in LOGO! Soft Comfort (All versions < V9). Affected products use a static, hardcoded AES master key to encrypt project files. This could allow a local attacker to extract the master key from the application files or memory and use it to decrypt project files or remove project passwords entirely without knowing the actual user-defined password.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-57262"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-321"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-11T13:18:59Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in LOGO! Soft Comfort (All versions \u003c V9). Affected products use a static, hardcoded AES master key to encrypt project files. This could allow a local attacker to extract the master key from the application files or memory and use it to decrypt project files or remove project passwords entirely without knowing the actual user-defined password.",
"id": "GHSA-f96f-m7rh-gphp",
"modified": "2026-08-11T15:32:36Z",
"published": "2026-08-11T15:32:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-57262"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-751328.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-FMX3-XGW6-W7G2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-18 21:30 – Updated: 2026-06-04 21:31The secret used for validating authentication tokens is hardcoded in device firmware for affected versions. An attacker who obtains the signing key can bypass authentication, gaining complete access to the system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54807"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-321"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-18T21:15:48Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The secret used for validating authentication tokens is hardcoded in \ndevice firmware for affected versions. An attacker who obtains the \nsigning key can bypass authentication, gaining complete access to the \nsystem.",
"id": "GHSA-fmx3-xgw6-w7g2",
"modified": "2026-06-04T21:31:16Z",
"published": "2025-09-18T21:30:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54807"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2025/icsa-25-261-07.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-261-07"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.doverfuelingsolutions.com/mea/en/products-and-solutions/automatic-tank-gauging/consoles/progauge-maglink-lx-4-console.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Prevention schemes mirror that of hard-coded password storage.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.