CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
5978 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-VWCG-C828-9822
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-05 00:27 – Updated: 2026-02-10 02:56Note
GitHub incorrectly stated this vulnerability is identical to CVE-2025-69970, which describes the fact that authentication is disabled by default. This advisory describes an exploit chain that enables authentication bypass via the heartbeat refresh endpoint when authentication is enabled. This misleads users into thinking that enabling authentication would mitigate this vulnerability. Please see the patch for more information: https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/commit/fe82348d160904d0013b9a3e267d50158f5c7afb.
Description
An authentication bypass vulnerability in FUXA allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to gain administrative access via the heartbeat refresh API and execute arbitrary code on the server. This affects FUXA through version 1.2.9 when authentication is enabled. This issue has been patched in FUXA version 1.2.10.
Impact
Affected deployments are those with runtime.settings.secureEnabled set to true.
Exploitation allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass all authentication mechanisms and obtain administrative access to the FUXA instance by minting administrator JWTs via the heartbeat refresh endpoint. With these elevated privileges, the attacker can interact with administrative APIs, including intended features designed for automation and scripting, to execute arbitrary code in the context of the FUXA service. Depending on deployment configuration and permissions, this may lead to full system compromise and could further expose connected ICS/SCADA environments to follow-on actions.
Patches
This issue has been patched in FUXA version 1.2.10. Users are strongly encouraged to update to the latest available release.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.2.9"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "fuxa-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.2.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-25893"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-285",
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-05T00:27:53Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-09T23:16:05Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Note\nGitHub incorrectly stated this vulnerability is identical to CVE-2025-69970, which describes the fact that authentication is disabled by default. This advisory describes an exploit chain that enables authentication bypass via the heartbeat refresh endpoint when authentication is enabled. This misleads users into thinking that enabling authentication would mitigate this vulnerability. Please see the patch for more information: https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/commit/fe82348d160904d0013b9a3e267d50158f5c7afb.\n\n### Description\nAn authentication bypass vulnerability in FUXA allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to gain administrative access via the heartbeat refresh API and execute arbitrary code on the server. This affects FUXA through version 1.2.9 when authentication is enabled. This issue has been patched in FUXA version 1.2.10.\n\n### Impact\nAffected deployments are those with `runtime.settings.secureEnabled` set to `true`.\n\nExploitation allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass all authentication mechanisms and obtain administrative access to the FUXA instance by minting administrator JWTs via the heartbeat refresh endpoint. With these elevated privileges, the attacker can interact with administrative APIs, including intended features designed for automation and scripting, to execute arbitrary code in the context of the FUXA service. Depending on deployment configuration and permissions, this may lead to full system compromise and could further expose connected ICS/SCADA environments to follow-on actions.\n\n### Patches\nThis issue has been patched in FUXA version 1.2.10. Users are strongly encouraged to update to the latest available release.",
"id": "GHSA-vwcg-c828-9822",
"modified": "2026-02-10T02:56:42Z",
"published": "2026-02-05T00:27:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/security/advisories/GHSA-vwcg-c828-9822"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25893"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/commit/fe82348d160904d0013b9a3e267d50158f5c7afb"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "FUXA Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via Admin JWT Minting"
}
GHSA-VWCJ-MF69-7RFW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 00:05 – Updated: 2025-04-09 03:58resolv.rb in Ruby 1.8.5 and earlier, 1.8.6 before 1.8.6-p287, 1.8.7 before 1.8.7-p72, and 1.9 r18423 and earlier uses sequential transaction IDs and constant source ports for DNS requests, which makes it easier for remote attackers to spoof DNS responses, a different vulnerability than CVE-2008-1447.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-3905"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-09-04T17:41:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "resolv.rb in Ruby 1.8.5 and earlier, 1.8.6 before 1.8.6-p287, 1.8.7 before 1.8.7-p72, and 1.9 r18423 and earlier uses sequential transaction IDs and constant source ports for DNS requests, which makes it easier for remote attackers to spoof DNS responses, a different vulnerability than CVE-2008-1447.",
"id": "GHSA-vwcj-mf69-7rfw",
"modified": "2025-04-09T03:58:02Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T00:05:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-3905"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/45935"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A10034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/651-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2008-October/msg00259.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2008-October/msg00299.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/31430"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32165"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32219"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32255"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32256"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32371"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32948"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/33178"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://security.gentoo.org/glsa/glsa-200812-17.xml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://slackware.com/security/viewer.php?l=slackware-security\u0026y=2008\u0026m=slackware-security.371754"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.avaya.com/elmodocs2/security/ASA-2008-424.htm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2008/dsa-1651"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2008/dsa-1652"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2008/09/03/3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2008/09/04/9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2008-0897.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/08/08/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-ruby"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/31699"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/2334"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-VWFV-P8P3-M4R7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:34 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:34When OTRS uses multiple backends for user authentication (with LDAP), agents are able to login even if the account is set to invalid. This issue affects OTRS; 8.0.9 and prior versions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-1778"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-23T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "When OTRS uses multiple backends for user authentication (with LDAP), agents are able to login even if the account is set to invalid. This issue affects OTRS; 8.0.9 and prior versions.",
"id": "GHSA-vwfv-p8p3-m4r7",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:34:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:34:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-1778"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://otrs.com/release-notes/otrs-security-advisory-2020-16"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-VWP6-M699-7H52
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:41 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:41The Bitrix e-Store module before 14.0.1 for Bitrix Site Manager uses sequential values for the BITRIX_SM_SALE_UID cookie, which makes it easier for remote attackers to guess the cookie value and bypass authentication via a brute force attack.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-6788"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-05-30T14:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Bitrix e-Store module before 14.0.1 for Bitrix Site Manager uses sequential values for the BITRIX_SM_SALE_UID cookie, which makes it easier for remote attackers to guess the cookie value and bypass authentication via a brute force attack.",
"id": "GHSA-vwp6-m699-7h52",
"modified": "2022-05-17T04:41:03Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:41:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-6788"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.htbridge.com/advisory/HTB23183"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/56033"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.bitrixsoft.com/products/cms/versions.php?module=sale"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/63606"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-VWQ6-JPJ7-XQVX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:44 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:02FreeRADIUS before 3.0.19 does not prevent use of reflection for authentication spoofing, aka a "Dragonblood" issue, a similar issue to CVE-2019-9497.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-11234"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-04-22T11:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "FreeRADIUS before 3.0.19 does not prevent use of reflection for authentication spoofing, aka a \"Dragonblood\" issue, a similar issue to CVE-2019-9497.",
"id": "GHSA-vwq6-jpj7-xqvx",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:02:36Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:44:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11234"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1131"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1142"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1695783"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://freeradius.org/release_notes/?br=3.0.x\u0026re=3.0.19"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://freeradius.org/security"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://papers.mathyvanhoef.com/dragonblood.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3954-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/871675"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-05/msg00014.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-05/msg00032.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-04/msg00033.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VX2G-H7FH-G3VJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:30 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:30A flaw was found in JBoss EAP, where the authentication configuration is set-up using a legacy SecurityRealm, to delegate to a legacy PicketBox SecurityDomain, and then reloaded to admin-only mode. This flaw allows an attacker to perform a complete authentication bypass by using an arbitrary user and password. The highest threat to vulnerability is to system availability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-14299"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-10-16T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in JBoss EAP, where the authentication configuration is set-up using a legacy SecurityRealm, to delegate to a legacy PicketBox SecurityDomain, and then reloaded to admin-only mode. This flaw allows an attacker to perform a complete authentication bypass by using an arbitrary user and password. The highest threat to vulnerability is to system availability.",
"id": "GHSA-vx2g-h7fh-g3vj",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:30:50Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-14299"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1848533"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-VX2G-J38V-C6XW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 06:12 – Updated: 2022-05-02 06:12The helpmanager servlet in the web server in HP OpenView Performance Insight (OVPI) 5.4 and earlier does not properly authenticate and validate requests, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via vectors involving upload of a JSP document.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-0447"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-03-10T22:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The helpmanager servlet in the web server in HP OpenView Performance Insight (OVPI) 5.4 and earlier does not properly authenticate and validate requests, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via vectors involving upload of a JSP document.",
"id": "GHSA-vx2g-j38v-c6xw",
"modified": "2022-05-02T06:12:44Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T06:12:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-0447"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/56757"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=126815897824020\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/62797"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/38899"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/509984/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/38611"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/0555"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-10-026"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-VX2M-J5GP-QG6Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-16 09:30 – Updated: 2024-10-16 09:30The Ultimate Membership Pro plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass in versions between, and including, 7.3 to 8.6. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to login as any user, including the site administrator with a default user ID of 1, via the username or user ID.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-36832"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-16T07:15:07Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The Ultimate Membership Pro plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass in versions between, and including, 7.3 to 8.6. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to login as any user, including the site administrator with a default user ID of 1, via the username or user ID.",
"id": "GHSA-vx2m-j5gp-qg6q",
"modified": "2024-10-16T09:30:30Z",
"published": "2024-10-16T09:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-36832"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://codecanyon.net/item/ultimate-membership-pro-wordpress-plugin/12159253"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/9811025e-ab17-4255-aaaf-4f0306f5d281"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/a5341bbd-55bd-41ad-b5d1-d6b56c141277?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VX2R-9H83-X7P6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:14 – Updated: 2022-10-27 19:00Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco BroadWorks CommPilot Application Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to delete arbitrary user accounts or gain elevated privileges on an affected system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-34785"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-09T05:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco BroadWorks CommPilot Application Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to delete arbitrary user accounts or gain elevated privileges on an affected system.",
"id": "GHSA-vx2r-9h83-x7p6",
"modified": "2022-10-27T19:00:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:14:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-34785"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-broadworks-dJ9JT67N"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VX32-35RM-8JQ5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:00 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:00curl and libcurl before 7.50.2, when built with NSS and the libnsspem.so library is available at runtime, allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of a TLS connection by leveraging reuse of a previously loaded client certificate from file for a connection for which no certificate has been set, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-5420.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-7141"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-10-03T21:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "curl and libcurl before 7.50.2, when built with NSS and the libnsspem.so library is available at runtime, allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of a TLS connection by leveraging reuse of a previously loaded client certificate from file for a connection for which no certificate has been set, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-5420.",
"id": "GHSA-vx32-35rm-8jq5",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:00:03Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:00:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-7141"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/curl/curl/commit/curl-7_50_2~32"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3558"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1373229"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://curl.haxx.se/docs/adv_20160907.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/11/msg00005.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201701-47"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2016-09/msg00094.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-2575.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-2957.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2018-4428296.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92754"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036739"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.