Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-1336
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product uses a template engine to insert or process externally-influenced input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements or syntax that can be interpreted as template expressions or other code directives when processed by the engine.
459 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-41065 (GCVE-0-2026-41065)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-04 14:17 – Updated: 2026-06-04 14:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Tautulli Vulnerable to Unauthenticated/Authenticated Remote Code Execution via Newsletter Custom Template Directory
Summary
Tautulli is a Python based monitoring and tracking tool for Plex Media Server. Versions prior to 2.17.1 are vulnerable to remote code execution via the newsletter custom template directory feature. On a fresh install before the setup wizard is completed, all management endpoints are completely unauthenticated. An attacker can create a newsletter agent, point the custom template directory to an attacker-controlled SMB share serving a malicious Mako template, and trigger execution via the newsletter render endpoint, all with zero credentials and no local access to the target system. On a completed install with credentials configured, the same chain is exploitable by any admin. Version 2.17.1 fixes the issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-04 14:28 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Tautulli/Tautulli/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/Tautulli/Tautulli/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-40602 (GCVE-0-2026-40602)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-21 17:40 – Updated: 2026-04-21 19:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
hass-cli: Handling of user-supplied Jinja2 templates
Summary
The Home Assistant Command-line interface (hass-cli) is a command-line tool for Home Assistant. Up to 1.0.0 of home-assitant-cli an unrestricted environment was used to handle Jninja2 templates instead of a sandboxed one. The user-supplied input within Jinja2 templates was rendered locally with no restrictions. This gave users access to Python's internals and extended the scope of templating beyond the intended usage. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.0.0.
Severity
5.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-21 19:01 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/home-assistant-ecosystem/home-… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/home-assistant-ecosystem/home-… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| home-assistant-ecosystem | home-assistant-cli |
Affected:
< 1.0.0
|
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CVE-2026-40478 (GCVE-0-2026-40478)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-17 21:57 – Updated: 2026-08-18 12:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Improper neutralization of specific syntax patterns for unauthorized expressions in Thymeleaf
Summary
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly neutralize specific syntax patterns that allow for the execution of unauthorized expressions. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This issue has ben fixed in version 3.1.4.RELEASE.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
8.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-21 00:00 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40478 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2459349 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21772 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
11 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| thymeleaf | thymeleaf |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring6 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28 |
Unaffected:
1779528224 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.28::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28 |
Unaffected:
1779359423 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.28::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7
|
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CVE-2026-40477 (GCVE-0-2026-40477)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-17 21:53 – Updated: 2026-08-17 12:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Improper restriction of the scope of accessible objects in Thymeleaf expressions
Summary
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly restrict the scope of accessible objects, allowing specific potentially sensitive objects to be reached from within a template. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This issue has ben fixed in version 3.1.4.RELEASE.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
8.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-21 00:00 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40477 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2459344 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21772 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
11 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| thymeleaf | thymeleaf |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring6 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28 |
Unaffected:
1779528224 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.28::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28 |
Unaffected:
1779359423 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.28::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7
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CVE-2026-40320 (GCVE-0-2026-40320)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-17 17:25 – Updated: 2026-04-20 13:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Giskard has an Unsandboxed Jinja2 Template Rendering in ConformityCheck
Summary
Giskard is an open-source testing framework for AI models. In versions prior to 1.0.2b1, the ConformityCheck class rendered the rule parameter through Jinja2's default Template() constructor, silently interpreting template expressions at runtime. If check definitions are loaded from an untrusted source, a crafted rule string could achieve arbitrary code execution. Exploitation requires write access to a check definition and subsequent execution of the test suite. This issue has been fixed in giskard-checks version 1.0.2b1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-20 13:43 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Giskard-AI/giskard-oss/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/Giskard-AI/giskard-oss/release… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Giskard-AI | giskard-oss |
Affected:
< 1.0.2b1
|
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CVE-2026-40087 (GCVE-0-2026-40087)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 19:34 – Updated: 2026-04-14 14:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
LangChain has incomplete f-string validation in prompt templates
Summary
LangChain is a framework for building agents and LLM-powered applications. Prior to 0.3.84 and 1.2.28, LangChain's f-string prompt-template validation was incomplete in two respects. First, some prompt template classes accepted f-string templates and formatted them without enforcing the same attribute-access validation as PromptTemplate. In particular, DictPromptTemplate and ImagePromptTemplate could accept templates containing attribute access or indexing expressions and subsequently evaluate those expressions during formatting. Second, f-string validation based on parsed top-level field names did not reject nested replacement fields inside format specifiers. In this pattern, the nested replacement field appears in the format specifier rather than in the top-level field name. As a result, earlier validation based on parsed field names did not reject the template even though Python formatting would still attempt to resolve the nested expression at runtime. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.3.84 and 1.2.28.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-14 14:47 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/36612 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/36613 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/commit/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/commit/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/release… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/release… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| langchain-ai | langchain |
Affected:
< 0.3.83
Affected: >= 1.0.0a1, < 1.2.28 |
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CVE-2026-39980 (GCVE-0-2026-39980)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 16:54 – Updated: 2026-04-09 18:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OpenCTI affected by RCE via notifier template
Summary
OpenCTI is an open source platform for managing cyber threat intelligence knowledge and observables. Prior to 6.9.5, the safeEjs.ts file does not properly sanitize EJS templates. Users with the Manage customization capability can run arbitrary JavaScript in the context of the OpenCTI platform process during notifier template execution. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.9.5.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-09 18:43 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/OpenCTI-Platform/opencti/secur… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/OpenCTI-Platform/opencti/relea… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OpenCTI-Platform | opencti |
Affected:
< 6.9.5
|
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CVE-2026-35477 (GCVE-0-2026-35477)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-08 19:20 – Updated: 2026-04-10 20:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
InvenTree has SSTI in PART_NAME_FORMAT bypasses CVE-2026-27629 fix via {% if part.pk %} sandbox escape
Summary
InvenTree is an Open Source Inventory Management System. From 1.2.3 to 1.2.6, the fix for CVE-2026-27629 upgraded the PART_NAME_FORMAT validator to use jinja2.sandbox.SandboxedEnvironment. However, the actual renderer in part/helpers.py was not updated and still uses the non-sandboxed jinja2.Environment. Additionally, the validator uses a dummy Part instance with pk=None, which allows conditional template expressions to behave differently during validation versus production rendering. A staff user with settings access can craft a template that passes validation but executes arbitrary code during rendering. This issue requires access by a user with granted staff permissions. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.2.7 and 1.3.0.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-10 20:43 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/inventree/InvenTree/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-35044 (GCVE-0-2026-35044)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-06 17:13 – Updated: 2026-04-06 18:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
BentoML has a Server-Side Template Injection via unsandboxed Jinja2 Environment in Dockerfile generation
Summary
BentoML is a Python library for building online serving systems optimized for AI apps and model inference. Prior to 1.4.38, the Dockerfile generation function generate_containerfile() in src/bentoml/_internal/container/generate.py uses an unsandboxed jinja2.Environment with the jinja2.ext.do extension to render user-provided dockerfile_template files. When a victim imports a malicious bento archive and runs bentoml containerize, attacker-controlled Jinja2 template code executes arbitrary Python directly on the host machine, bypassing all container isolation. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.4.38.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-06 18:49 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/bentoml/BentoML/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-34906 (GCVE-0-2026-34906)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-02 08:31 – Updated: 2026-06-02 13:15
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) in Wirtualna Uczelnia
Summary
Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) in Wirtualna Uczelnia allows an unauthenticated attacker to perform Remote Code Execution (RCE). In the endpoint redirectToUrl and parameter redirectUrlParameter, insufficient input validation permits injection of arbitrary template expressions that are executed on the server. Successful exploitation can allow an attacker to run remote commands, including establishing a reverse shell.
This issue affects Wirtualna Uczelnia versions up to wu#2016.437.295#0#20260327_105545
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-02 13:14 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://cert.pl/posts/2026/06/CVE-2026-34906 | third-party-advisory |
| https://simple.com.pl/branze/edukacyjna/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simple SA | Wirtualna Uczelnia |
Affected:
0 , ≤ wu#2016.437.295#0#20260327_105545
(custom)
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Choose a template engine that offers a sandbox or restricted mode, or at least limits the power of any available expressions, function calls, or commands.
Mitigation
Implementation
Use the template engine's sandbox or restricted mode, if available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.