Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-1333
AllowedInefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product uses a regular expression with a worst-case computational complexity that is inefficient and possibly exponential.
724 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-0621 (GCVE-0-2026-0621)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-05 20:57 – Updated: 2026-07-14 15:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
MCP TypeScript SDK UriTemplate Exploded Array Pattern ReDoS
Summary
Anthropic's MCP TypeScript SDK versions up to and including 1.25.1 contain a regular expression denial of service (ReDoS) vulnerability in the UriTemplate class when processing RFC 6570 exploded array patterns. The dynamically generated regular expression used during URI matching contains nested quantifiers that can trigger catastrophic backtracking on specially crafted inputs, resulting in excessive CPU consumption. An attacker can exploit this by supplying a malicious URI that causes the Node.js process to become unresponsive, leading to a denial of service.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/typescrip… | issue-tracking |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/mcp-typescri… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anthropic | MCP TypeScript SDK |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.25.1
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-71379 (GCVE-0-2025-71379)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-20 18:27 – Updated: 2026-06-22 18:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
vllm - Regular Expression Denial of Service in Multiple Components
Summary
vLLM versions >= 0.6.3 and < 0.9.0 contain multiple regular expression denial of service (ReDoS) vulnerabilities. Several regex patterns — in vllm/lora/utils.py, the phi4mini tool parser, and the OpenAI-compatible serving chat endpoint — are susceptible to catastrophic backtracking. An attacker submitting crafted input with nested or repeated structures can trigger severe CPU consumption and performance degradation, resulting in denial of service.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/adv… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vllm-regular… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-05-28 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2025-69873 (GCVE-0-2025-69873)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-11 00:00 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
ajv (Another JSON Schema Validator) before 8.18.0 is vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) when the $data option is enabled. The pattern keyword accepts runtime data via JSON Pointer syntax ($data reference), which is passed directly to the JavaScript RegExp() constructor without validation. An attacker can inject a malicious regex pattern (e.g., "^(a|a)*$") combined with crafted input to cause catastrophic backtracking. A 31-character payload causes approximately 44 seconds of CPU blocking, with each additional character doubling execution time. This enables complete denial of service with a single HTTP request against any API using ajv with $data: true for dynamic schema validation. This issue is also fixed in version 6.14.0.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
32 references
Impacted products
69 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ajv.js | ajv |
Affected:
0 , < 6.14.0
(semver)
Affected: 7.0.0 , < 8.17.2 (semver) |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 8 |
Unaffected:
0:2.5.20260422-2.el8ap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:2.5.20260422-2.el9ap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:2.6.7-1.el9ap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.3 EUS for RHEL 7 |
Unaffected:
0:7.3.18-3.GA_redhat_00001.1.el7eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform_eus:7.3::el7 |
|
| Red Hat | Network Observability (NETOBSERV) 1.11.2 |
Unaffected:
1778508956 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:network_observ_optr:1.11::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 |
Unaffected:
1774243862 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Developer Hub 1.8 |
Unaffected:
1776784286 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1.8::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9 |
Unaffected:
1775140647 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1.9::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Edge Manager 1.0 |
Unaffected:
1783502765 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:edge_manager:1.0::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Edge Manager 1.0 |
Unaffected:
1783502438 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:edge_manager:1.0::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.16 |
Unaffected:
1774282136 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:2.16::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 |
Unaffected:
1779189627 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 |
Unaffected:
1778473763 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 |
Unaffected:
1778666987 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 |
Unaffected:
1778036641 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.14::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 |
Unaffected:
1777994844 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 |
Unaffected:
1774452649 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.16::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 |
Unaffected:
1774474908 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.17::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19 |
Unaffected:
1776675872 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.19::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.27 |
Unaffected:
1774448966 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.27::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.27 |
Unaffected:
1774476526 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.27::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3.14 |
Unaffected:
1775512163 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3.14::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3.15 |
Unaffected:
1775169219 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3.15::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3.16 |
Unaffected:
1775069491 , < *
(rpm)
Unaffected: 1775169226 , < * (rpm) cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3.16::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3.9 |
Unaffected:
1773936323 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3.9::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6.18 |
Unaffected:
1781247025 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6.18::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6.18 |
Unaffected:
1781181673 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6.18::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Confidential Compute Attestation |
cpe:/a:redhat:confidential_compute_attestation:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Cryostat 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:cryostat:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Gatekeeper 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:gatekeeper:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift |
cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5 |
|
| Red Hat | Multicluster Engine for Kubernetes |
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine |
|
| Red Hat | Network Observability Operator |
cpe:/a:redhat:network_observ_optr:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Node HealthCheck Operator |
cpe:/a:redhat:workload_availability_nhc:0 |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Pipelines |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_pipelines:1 |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Service Mesh 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:2 |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Service Mesh 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_3scale_amp:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:advanced_cluster_security:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat AMQ Broker 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_broker:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_hawtio:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_registry:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of OptaPlanner 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:optaplanner:::el6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Connectivity Link 1 |
cpe:/a:redhat:connectivity_link:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Data Grid 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_data_grid:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Directory Server 11 |
cpe:/a:redhat:directory_server:11 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Directory Server 12 |
cpe:/a:redhat:directory_server:12 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Directory Server 13 |
cpe:/a:redhat:directory_server:13 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift GitOps |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_gitops:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Process Automation 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6 |
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7 |
|
| Red Hat | streams for Apache Kafka 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2 |
|
| Red Hat | streams for Apache Kafka 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3 |
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CVE-2025-68475 (GCVE-0-2025-68475)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-22 21:31 – Updated: 2025-12-22 21:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Fedify has ReDoS Vulnerability in HTML Parsing Regex
Summary
Fedify is a TypeScript library for building federated server apps powered by ActivityPub. Prior to versions 1.6.13, 1.7.14, 1.8.15, and 1.9.2, a Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) vulnerability exists in Fedify's document loader. The HTML parsing regex at packages/fedify/src/runtime/docloader.ts:259 contains nested quantifiers that cause catastrophic backtracking when processing maliciously crafted HTML responses. This issue has been patched in versions 1.6.13, 1.7.14, 1.8.15, and 1.9.2.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/fedify-dev/fedify/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/fedify-dev/fedify/commit/2bdcb… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/fedify-dev/fedify/commit/bf2f0… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/fedify-dev/fedify/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/fedify-dev/fedify/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/fedify-dev/fedify/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/fedify-dev/fedify/releases/tag/1.9.2 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| fedify-dev | fedify |
Affected:
< 1.6.13
Affected: >= 1.7.0, < 1.7.14 Affected: >= 1.8.0, < 1.8.15 Affected: >= 1.9.0, < 1.9.2 |
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CVE-2025-68142 (GCVE-0-2025-68142)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-16 18:06 – Updated: 2025-12-17 18:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PyMdown Extensions has ReDOS bug in Figure Capture extension
Summary
PyMdown Extensions is a set of extensions for the `Python-Markdown` markdown project. Versions prior to 10.16.1 have a ReDOS bug found within the figure caption extension (`pymdownx.blocks.caption`). In systems that take unchecked user content, this could cause long hanges when processing the data if a malicious payload was crafted. This issue is patched in Release 10.16.1. As a workaround, those who process unknown user content without timeouts or other safeguards in place to prevent really large, malicious content being aimed at systems may avoid the use of `pymdownx.blocks.caption` until they're able to upgrade.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extension… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/facelessuser/pymdown-extension… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://pypi.org/project/pymdown-extensions/10.16.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| facelessuser | pymdown-extensions |
Affected:
< 10.16.1
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CVE-2025-66020 (GCVE-0-2025-66020)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-26 01:49 – Updated: 2025-11-26 14:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Valibot has a ReDoS vulnerability in `EMOJI_REGEX`
Summary
Valibot helps validate data using a schema. In versions from 0.31.0 to 1.1.0, the EMOJI_REGEX used in the emoji action is vulnerable to a Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) attack. A short, maliciously crafted string (e.g., <100 characters) can cause the regex engine to consume excessive CPU time (minutes), leading to a Denial of Service (DoS) for the application. This issue has been patched in version 1.2.0.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/open-circle/valibot/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/open-circle/valibot/commit/cfb… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| open-circle | valibot |
Affected:
>= 0.31.0, < 1.2.0
|
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CVE-2025-62484 (GCVE-0-2025-62484)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-13 15:07 – Updated: 2026-02-26 16:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Zoom Workplace Clients - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Summary
Inefficient regular expression complexity in certain Zoom Workplace Clients before version 6.5.10 may allow an unauthenticated user to conduct an escalation of privilege via network access.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zoom Communications Inc. | Zoom Workplace |
Affected:
0 , < 6.5.10
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-11-11 13:00
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CVE-2025-61921 (GCVE-0-2025-61921)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-10 19:28 – Updated: 2025-10-10 20:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sinatra has ReDoS vulnerability in ETag header value generation
Summary
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Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/sinatra/sinatra/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/sinatra/sinatra/issues/2120 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/sinatra/sinatra/pull/1823 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/sinatra/sinatra/pull/2121 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19104 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-61581 (GCVE-0-2025-61581)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-16 08:40 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:13 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Traffic Control: ReDoS issue in Traffic Router configuration
Summary
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity vulnerability in Apache Traffic Control.
This issue affects Apache Traffic Control: all versions.
People with access to the management interface of the Traffic Router component could specify malicious patterns and cause unavailability.
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Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Traffic Control |
Affected:
0 , < *
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-58451 (GCVE-0-2025-58451)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-08 22:07 – Updated: 2025-09-09 13:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cattown Vulnerable to Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity and Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Summary
Cattown is a JavaScript markdown parser. Versions prior to 1.0.2 used regular expressions with inefficient, potentially exponential worst-case complexity. This could cause excessive CPU usage due to excessive backtracking on crafted inputs. In turn, the excessive CPU usage could lead to resource exhaustion, where processing malicious inputs could cause high CPU or memory usage, potentially leading to denial of service. Version 1.0.2 contains a patch. Additionally, users should review and restrict input sources if untrusted inputs are processed.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/IEatUranium238/Cattown/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/IEatUranium238/Cattown/commit/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IEatUranium238 | Cattown |
Affected:
< 1.0.2
|
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use regular expressions that do not support backtracking, e.g. by removing nested quantifiers.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Set backtracking limits in the configuration of the regular expression implementation, such as PHP's pcre.backtrack_limit. Also consider limits on execution time for the process.
Mitigation
Implementation
Do not use regular expressions with untrusted input. If regular expressions must be used, avoid using backtracking in the expression.
Mitigation
Implementation
Limit the length of the input that the regular expression will process.
CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.