GCVE Workshop - 22 September 2026 (14:00-18:00), Luxembourg Before The Vulnopticon Conference - Registration
Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-1321

Allowed

Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype.

866 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-54312 (GCVE-0-2026-54312)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-23 15:33 – Updated: 2026-06-23 16:07
VLAI
Title
n8n: Microsoft SQL Node Prototype Pollution
Summary
n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to 2.24.0, an authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could achieve global prototype pollution via the Microsoft SQL node by supplying a crafted value as the table parameter. This pollutes Object.prototype process-wide for the lifetime of the n8n server process, causing application-wide validation failures and rendering the n8n instance completely non-functional until restarted. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.24.0.
Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-23 16:07 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n8n-io n8n Affected: < 2.24.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-54312",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-23T16:07:39.062242Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-23T16:07:55.303Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "n8n",
          "vendor": "n8n-io",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 2.24.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to 2.24.0, an authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could achieve global prototype pollution via the Microsoft SQL node by supplying a crafted value as the table parameter. This pollutes Object.prototype process-wide for the lifetime of the n8n server process, causing application-wide validation failures and rendering the n8n instance completely non-functional until restarted. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.24.0."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 7.2,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1321",
              "description": "CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes (\u0027Prototype Pollution\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-23T15:33:10.647Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-x6p3-m6h9-fx7r",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-x6p3-m6h9-fx7r"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-x6p3-m6h9-fx7r",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "n8n: Microsoft SQL Node Prototype Pollution"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-54312",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-23T15:33:10.647Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-12T18:42:02.222Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-23T16:07:55.303Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-54306 (GCVE-0-2026-54306)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-23 15:43 – Updated: 2026-06-26 19:29
VLAI
Title
n8n: Prototype Pollution enables confused-deputy execution via public webhooks
Summary
n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to 2.25.7 and 2.26.2, a prototype pollution vulnerability allowed a crafted public webhook payload to inject attacker-controlled fields into workflow data during internal object copying. These fields could be surfaced and consumed as normal values by downstream built-in nodes. Where a workflow combines a public webhook with action nodes that consume the resulting fields, an attacker could cause the workflow to act as a confused deputy — targeting unintended records or issuing outbound requests using the workflow owner's configured credentials. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.25.7 and 2.26.2.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-26 19:29 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n8n-io n8n Affected: >= 2.26.0, < 2.26.2
Affected: < 2.25.7
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-54306",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-26T19:29:36.393993Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-26T19:29:51.344Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "n8n",
          "vendor": "n8n-io",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.26.0, \u003c 2.26.2"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 2.25.7"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to 2.25.7 and 2.26.2, a prototype pollution vulnerability allowed a crafted public webhook payload to inject attacker-controlled fields into workflow data during internal object copying. These fields could be surfaced and consumed as normal values by downstream built-in nodes. Where a workflow combines a public webhook with action nodes that consume the resulting fields, an attacker could cause the workflow to act as a confused deputy \u2014 targeting unintended records or issuing outbound requests using the workflow owner\u0027s configured credentials. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.25.7 and 2.26.2."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 6.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1321",
              "description": "CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes (\u0027Prototype Pollution\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-23T15:43:12.318Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-2vff-hj5x-8gq7",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-2vff-hj5x-8gq7"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-2vff-hj5x-8gq7",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "n8n: Prototype Pollution enables confused-deputy execution via public webhooks"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-54306",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-23T15:43:12.318Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-12T17:46:37.294Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-26T19:29:51.344Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-53676 (GCVE-0-2026-53676)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-17 22:53 – Updated: 2026-06-18 12:35
VLAI
Summary
ThingsBoard contains a prototype pollution vulnerability which may lead to arbitrary code execution within a sandboxed context by a user who can log in to the affected product with the tenant administrator privilege (TENANT_ADMIN).
Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-18 12:35 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1321 - Improperly controlled modification of object prototype attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ThingsBoard ThingsBoard Affected: prior to v4.3.1.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-53676",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-18T12:35:44.053985Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-18T12:35:51.412Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "ThingsBoard",
          "vendor": "ThingsBoard",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "prior to v4.3.1.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "ThingsBoard contains a prototype pollution vulnerability which may lead to arbitrary code execution within a sandboxed context by a user who can log in to the affected product with the tenant administrator privilege (TENANT_ADMIN)."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 7.2,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.0"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en-US",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 8.6,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en-US",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1321",
              "description": "Improperly controlled modification of object prototype attributes (\u0027Prototype Pollution\u0027)",
              "lang": "en-US",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-17T22:53:56.122Z",
        "orgId": "ede6fdc4-6654-4307-a26d-3331c018e2ce",
        "shortName": "jpcert"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://thingsboard.io/docs/releases/releases-table/"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/thingsboard/thingsboard/pull/15600"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN16937365/"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "ede6fdc4-6654-4307-a26d-3331c018e2ce",
    "assignerShortName": "jpcert",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-53676",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-17T22:53:56.122Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-10T01:16:35.898Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-18T12:35:51.412Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-53609 (GCVE-0-2026-53609)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-12 20:59 – Updated: 2026-06-15 18:29
VLAI
Title
Apostrophe has Server-Side Prototype Pollution in apos.util.set via patch operators that leads to process-wide authorization bypass
Summary
ApostropheCMS is an open-source Node.js content management system. In versions up to and including 4.30.0, `apos.util.set()` traverses dot-notation paths without sanitizing `__proto__`, allowing an authenticated editor to write arbitrary values to `Object.prototype` via the `$pullAll` patch operator. A confirmed gadget in `publicApiCheck()` causes this to bypass authorization on all piece-type REST API endpoints for every subsequent unauthenticated request, for the lifetime of the Node.js process. As of time of publication, no known patched versions are available.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-15 18:29 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
apostrophecms apostrophe Affected: <= 4.30.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-53609",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-15T18:29:44.669655Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-15T18:29:55.055Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/apostrophecms/apostrophe/security/advisories/GHSA-6h5j-32cf-4253"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "apostrophe",
          "vendor": "apostrophecms",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c= 4.30.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "ApostropheCMS is an open-source Node.js content management system. In versions up to and including 4.30.0, `apos.util.set()` traverses dot-notation paths without sanitizing `__proto__`, allowing an authenticated editor to write arbitrary values to `Object.prototype` via the `$pullAll` patch operator. A confirmed gadget in `publicApiCheck()` causes this to bypass authorization on all piece-type REST API endpoints for every subsequent unauthenticated request, for the lifetime of the Node.js process. As of time of publication, no known patched versions are available."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "baseScore": 9.1,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:L",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1321",
              "description": "CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes (\u0027Prototype Pollution\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-12T20:59:25.486Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/apostrophecms/apostrophe/security/advisories/GHSA-6h5j-32cf-4253",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/apostrophecms/apostrophe/security/advisories/GHSA-6h5j-32cf-4253"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-6h5j-32cf-4253",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Apostrophe has Server-Side Prototype Pollution in apos.util.set via patch operators that leads to process-wide authorization bypass"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-53609",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-12T20:59:25.486Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-09T19:39:52.404Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-15T18:29:55.055Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-53592 (GCVE-0-2026-53592)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-20 19:49 – Updated: 2026-07-21 14:42
VLAI
Title
FreeScout vulnerable to prototype pollution in getQueryParam
Summary
FreeScout is a free help desk and shared inbox built with PHP's Laravel framework. A Prototype Pollution condition in the `getQueryParam` function `/public/js/main.js` and was addressed in version 1.8.139 by blocking URL query keys matching the pattern `__proto__`. However, this mitigation is incomplete: it only filters top-level `__proto__` keys and fails to sanitize nested forms such as `b[__proto__][polluted]=PWNED`. As a result, an attacker-controlled URL query string can still write into `Object.prototype` on any page that loads `main.js`. Version 1.8.223 contains a updated fix.
Severity
4.6 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-21 14:42 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-53592",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-07-21T14:42:11.918943Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-07-21T14:42:22.367Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/freescout-help-desk/freescout/security/advisories/GHSA-w5fc-8pp3-f755"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "freescout",
          "vendor": "freescout-help-desk",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 1.8.223"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "FreeScout is a free help desk and shared inbox built with PHP\u0027s Laravel framework. A Prototype Pollution condition in the `getQueryParam` function `/public/js/main.js` and was addressed in version 1.8.139 by blocking URL query keys matching the pattern `__proto__`. However, this mitigation is incomplete: it only filters top-level `__proto__` keys and fails to sanitize nested forms such as `b[__proto__][polluted]=PWNED`. As a result, an attacker-controlled URL query string can still write into `Object.prototype` on any page that loads `main.js`. Version 1.8.223 contains a updated fix."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "baseScore": 4.6,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1321",
              "description": "CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes (\u0027Prototype Pollution\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-20T19:49:06.270Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/freescout-help-desk/freescout/security/advisories/GHSA-w5fc-8pp3-f755",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/freescout-help-desk/freescout/security/advisories/GHSA-w5fc-8pp3-f755"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-w5fc-8pp3-f755",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "FreeScout vulnerable to prototype pollution in getQueryParam"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-53592",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-20T19:49:06.270Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-09T19:39:52.403Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-21T14:42:22.367Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-49459 (GCVE-0-2026-49459)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 20:01 – Updated: 2026-07-15 14:17
VLAI
Title
DOMPurify: IN_PLACE mode preserves attributes of a clobbered root element, allowing XSS via attacker-controlled root DOM
Summary
DOMPurify is a DOM-only cross-site scripting sanitizer for HTML, MathML, and SVG. Prior to 3.4.6, DOMPurify.sanitize(root, { IN_PLACE: true }) could preserve event-handler attributes on an attacker-controlled <form> root when a descendant name clobbered properties checked by _isClobbered, because _forceRemove no-opped on the parent-less root and _sanitizeAttributes returned early. This issue is fixed in version 3.4.6.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-15 14:17 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  • CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
  • CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
cure53 DOMPurify Affected: < 3.4.6
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-49459",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-07-15T14:17:03.798337Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-07-15T14:17:27.943Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/cure53/DOMPurify/security/advisories/GHSA-r47g-fvhr-h676"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "DOMPurify",
          "vendor": "cure53",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 3.4.6"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "DOMPurify is a DOM-only cross-site scripting sanitizer for HTML, MathML, and SVG. Prior to 3.4.6, DOMPurify.sanitize(root, { IN_PLACE: true }) could preserve event-handler attributes on an attacker-controlled \u003cform\u003e root when a descendant name clobbered properties checked by _isClobbered, because _forceRemove no-opped on the parent-less root and _sanitizeAttributes returned early. This issue is fixed in version 3.4.6."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 6.1,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-79",
              "description": "CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (\u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-693",
              "description": "CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1321",
              "description": "CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes (\u0027Prototype Pollution\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-14T20:01:44.857Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/cure53/DOMPurify/security/advisories/GHSA-r47g-fvhr-h676",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/cure53/DOMPurify/security/advisories/GHSA-r47g-fvhr-h676"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/cure53/DOMPurify/commit/bb7739e5bccec7e1ab3dae3f3e42d02db3acaaae",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/cure53/DOMPurify/commit/bb7739e5bccec7e1ab3dae3f3e42d02db3acaaae"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/cure53/DOMPurify/releases/tag/3.4.6",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/cure53/DOMPurify/releases/tag/3.4.6"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-r47g-fvhr-h676",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "DOMPurify: IN_PLACE mode preserves attributes of a clobbered root element, allowing XSS via attacker-controlled root DOM"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-49459",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-14T20:01:44.857Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-30T02:43:33.107Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-15T14:17:27.943Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-49252 (GCVE-0-2026-49252)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-18 20:01 – Updated: 2026-06-22 15:11
VLAI
Title
deepstream is vulnerable to prototype pollution
Summary
deepstream is a server that allows clients and backend services to sync data, send messages and make rpcs at scale. Versions prior to 10.0.5 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution. Exploitation can lead to potential privilege escalation from any authenticated user with write permission to any record. This issue has been fixed in version 10.0.5.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-22 15:10 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
deepstreamIO deepstream.io Affected: < 10.0.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-49252",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-22T15:10:20.891417Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-22T15:11:26.795Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "deepstream.io",
          "vendor": "deepstreamIO",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 10.0.5"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "deepstream is a server that allows clients and backend services to sync data, send messages and make rpcs at scale. Versions prior to 10.0.5  are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution. Exploitation can lead to potential privilege escalation from any authenticated user with write permission to any record. This issue has been fixed in version 10.0.5."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "baseScore": 9.9,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1321",
              "description": "CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes (\u0027Prototype Pollution\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-18T20:01:31.307Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/deepstreamIO/deepstream.io/security/advisories/GHSA-9v98-6g37-x9g6",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/deepstreamIO/deepstream.io/security/advisories/GHSA-9v98-6g37-x9g6"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/deepstreamIO/deepstream.io/commit/54b8e2958a98df444b5b5d9a66e22872afd84e44",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/deepstreamIO/deepstream.io/commit/54b8e2958a98df444b5b5d9a66e22872afd84e44"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-9v98-6g37-x9g6",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "deepstream is vulnerable to prototype pollution"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-49252",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-18T20:01:31.307Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-28T14:33:01.179Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-22T15:11:26.795Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-48819 (GCVE-0-2026-48819)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-17 19:46 – Updated: 2026-07-20 16:24
VLAI
Title
Hey API: `buildClientParams` template: prototype chain substitution via unknown `$<slot>___proto__` key
Summary
Hey API is an ecosystem for turning API specifications into production-ready code. Prior to 0.97.3, dist/clients/core/params.ts ships a runtime template copied into generated SDKs as params.gen.ts, and buildClientParams writes unknown slot-prefixed keys such as $body_, $headers_, $path_, and $query_ directly to the corresponding slot, allowing $query___proto__ alongside a legitimate q field to set params.query through params["query"]["__proto__"] = value, call Object.setPrototypeOf(params.query, value), and expose inherited attacker-controlled keys during for..in iteration. This issue is fixed in version 0.97.3.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-20 16:23 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
hey-api openapi-ts Affected: < 0.97.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-48819",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-07-20T16:23:29.690460Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-07-20T16:24:20.624Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/hey-api/hey-api/security/advisories/GHSA-hhx9-57xq-r5rw"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "openapi-ts",
          "vendor": "hey-api",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 0.97.3"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Hey API is an ecosystem for turning API specifications into production-ready code. Prior to 0.97.3, dist/clients/core/params.ts ships a runtime template copied into generated SDKs as params.gen.ts, and buildClientParams writes unknown slot-prefixed keys such as $body_, $headers_, $path_, and $query_ directly to the corresponding slot, allowing $query___proto__ alongside a legitimate q field to set params.query through params[\"query\"][\"__proto__\"] = value, call Object.setPrototypeOf(params.query, value), and expose inherited attacker-controlled keys during for..in iteration. This issue is fixed in version 0.97.3."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 4.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1321",
              "description": "CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes (\u0027Prototype Pollution\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-17T19:46:00.402Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/hey-api/hey-api/security/advisories/GHSA-hhx9-57xq-r5rw",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/hey-api/hey-api/security/advisories/GHSA-hhx9-57xq-r5rw"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/hey-api/hey-api/commit/023909137a15eff9c0263d3bcd116140076b214f",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/hey-api/hey-api/commit/023909137a15eff9c0263d3bcd116140076b214f"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/hey-api/hey-api/commit/da321a1529eb3c90d2109da870f514b915a60169",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/hey-api/hey-api/commit/da321a1529eb3c90d2109da870f514b915a60169"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/hey-api/hey-api/releases/tag/%40hey-api%2Fopenapi-ts%400.97.3",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/hey-api/hey-api/releases/tag/%40hey-api%2Fopenapi-ts%400.97.3"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-hhx9-57xq-r5rw",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Hey API: `buildClientParams` template: prototype chain substitution via unknown `$\u003cslot\u003e___proto__` key"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-48819",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-17T19:46:00.402Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-22T20:57:10.976Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-20T16:24:20.624Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-48795 (GCVE-0-2026-48795)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-15 21:23 – Updated: 2026-07-16 18:49
VLAI
Title
Incomplete fix for CVE-2026-25754 in @adonisjs/bodyparser
Summary
AdonisJS is a TypeScript-first web framework. From 10.1.3 until 10.1.5 and 11.0.3, AdonisJS @adonisjs/bodyparser incompletely fixed CVE-2026-25754 because nested multipart field payloads such as user.__proto__.polluted and constructor.prototype still caused lodash _.set() via @poppinss/utils to create plain intermediate objects and pollute Object.prototype. This issue is fixed in versions 10.1.5 and 11.0.3.
Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-16 18:49 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
adonisjs core Affected: >= 10.1.3, < 10.1.5
Affected: >= 11.0.0-next.9, < 11.0.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-48795",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-07-16T18:49:46.350453Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-07-16T18:49:54.392Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "core",
          "vendor": "adonisjs",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 10.1.3, \u003c 10.1.5"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 11.0.0-next.9, \u003c 11.0.3"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "AdonisJS is a TypeScript-first web framework. From 10.1.3 until 10.1.5 and 11.0.3, AdonisJS @adonisjs/bodyparser incompletely fixed CVE-2026-25754 because nested multipart field payloads such as user.__proto__.polluted and constructor.prototype still caused lodash _.set() via @poppinss/utils to create plain intermediate objects and pollute Object.prototype. This issue is fixed in versions 10.1.5 and 11.0.3."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 8.6,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1321",
              "description": "CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes (\u0027Prototype Pollution\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-15T21:23:14.393Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/adonisjs/core/security/advisories/GHSA-qcm7-3vpr-hj5h",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/adonisjs/core/security/advisories/GHSA-qcm7-3vpr-hj5h"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/adonisjs/bodyparser/commit/8a85eb0c2061b0caca10faedbfc2cf24b56cf9f6",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/adonisjs/bodyparser/commit/8a85eb0c2061b0caca10faedbfc2cf24b56cf9f6"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/adonisjs/bodyparser/commit/aa96908f7b3f64c19e15d2d2d916b69137bdf469",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/adonisjs/bodyparser/commit/aa96908f7b3f64c19e15d2d2d916b69137bdf469"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/adonisjs/bodyparser/releases/tag/v10.1.5",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/adonisjs/bodyparser/releases/tag/v10.1.5"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/adonisjs/bodyparser/releases/tag/v11.0.3",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/adonisjs/bodyparser/releases/tag/v11.0.3"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-qcm7-3vpr-hj5h",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Incomplete fix for CVE-2026-25754 in @adonisjs/bodyparser"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-48795",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-15T21:23:14.393Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-22T20:18:20.366Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-16T18:49:54.392Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-48714 (GCVE-0-2026-48714)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-15 20:41 – Updated: 2026-06-16 14:50
VLAI
Title
i18next-http-middleware missingKeyHandler does not reject keys whose segments contain prototype-polluting names
Summary
i18next-http-middleware is a middleware to be used with Node.js web frameworks like express or Fastify and also for Deno. In versions prior to 3.9.7, the missingKeyHandler blocked the literal request-body keys __proto__, constructor, and prototype (added in 3.9.3, see GHSA-5fgg-jcpf-8jjw), but did not reject dotted variants such as "__proto__.polluted". Downstream backends that split the missing-key string on a configured keySeparator (notably i18next-fs-backend ≤ 2.6.5) hand these keys to an unguarded setPath() walker that writes to Object.prototype. Applications that expose missingKeyHandler to untrusted input AND use i18next-fs-backend ≤ 2.6.5 are directly exploitable for remote prototype pollution. Other downstream backends that split the missing-key string the same way may be similarly affected. Depending on the host application, polluted prototype properties may cause crashes, corrupted translation behaviour, configuration poisoning, or bypasses of property-based security checks. This issue has been fixed in version 3.9.7. If developers cannot upgrade immediately, they should do the following: do not expose missingKeyHandler to untrusted users (mount it behind authentication, or remove the route), add a request-body filter ahead of the handler that rejects any top-level key containing __proto__, constructor, or prototype after splitting on their configured keySeparator, and disable missing-key persistence (saveMissing: false) when accepting writes from untrusted input.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-16 14:50 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-48714",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-16T14:50:19.973996Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-16T14:50:29.087Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "i18next-http-middleware",
          "vendor": "i18next",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 3.9.7"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "i18next-http-middleware is a middleware to be used with Node.js web frameworks like express or Fastify and also for Deno. In versions prior to 3.9.7, the missingKeyHandler blocked the literal request-body keys __proto__, constructor, and prototype (added in 3.9.3, see GHSA-5fgg-jcpf-8jjw), but did not reject dotted variants such as \"__proto__.polluted\". Downstream backends that split the missing-key string on a configured keySeparator (notably i18next-fs-backend \u2264 2.6.5) hand these keys to an unguarded setPath() walker that writes to Object.prototype. Applications that expose missingKeyHandler to untrusted input AND use i18next-fs-backend \u2264 2.6.5 are directly exploitable for remote prototype pollution. Other downstream backends that split the missing-key string the same way may be similarly affected. Depending on the host application, polluted prototype properties may cause crashes, corrupted translation behaviour, configuration poisoning, or bypasses of property-based security checks. This issue has been fixed in version 3.9.7.  If developers cannot upgrade immediately, they should do the following: do not expose missingKeyHandler to untrusted users (mount it behind authentication, or remove the route), add a request-body filter ahead of the handler that rejects any top-level key containing __proto__, constructor, or prototype after splitting on their configured keySeparator, and disable missing-key persistence (saveMissing: false) when accepting writes from untrusted input."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 9.1,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1321",
              "description": "CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes (\u0027Prototype Pollution\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-15T20:41:49.382Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/i18next/i18next-http-middleware/security/advisories/GHSA-f49m-vf83-692w",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/i18next/i18next-http-middleware/security/advisories/GHSA-f49m-vf83-692w"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/i18next/i18next-http-middleware/commit/7c6d26f137d3e940b8d229ca148bca38845faf49",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/i18next/i18next-http-middleware/commit/7c6d26f137d3e940b8d229ca148bca38845faf49"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-f49m-vf83-692w",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "i18next-http-middleware missingKeyHandler does not reject keys whose segments contain prototype-polluting names"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-48714",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-15T20:41:49.382Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-22T18:47:27.755Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-16T14:50:29.087Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Implementation

By freezing the object prototype first (for example, Object.freeze(Object.prototype)), modification of the prototype becomes impossible.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

By blocking modifications of attributes that resolve to object prototype, such as proto or prototype, this weakness can be mitigated.

Mitigation
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

When handling untrusted objects, validating using a schema can be used.

Mitigation
Implementation

By using an object without prototypes (via Object.create(null) ), adding object prototype attributes by accessing the prototype via the special attributes becomes impossible, mitigating this weakness.

Mitigation
Implementation

Map can be used instead of objects in most cases. If Map methods are used instead of object attributes, it is not possible to access the object prototype or modify it.

CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs

In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.

CAPEC-180: Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels

An attacker exploits a weakness in the configuration of access controls and is able to bypass the intended protection that these measures guard against and thereby obtain unauthorized access to the system or network. Sensitive functionality should always be protected with access controls. However configuring all but the most trivial access control systems can be very complicated and there are many opportunities for mistakes. If an attacker can learn of incorrectly configured access security settings, they may be able to exploit this in an attack.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.

← Back to the CWE list