RHSA-2026:66210
Vulnerability from csaf_redhat - Published: 2026-09-09 19:47 - Updated: 2026-09-09 20:12A flaw was found in ninenines cowlib. This vulnerability, due to improper encoding or escaping of output, allows an attacker to perform Link header directive smuggling. By manipulating the target URI, 'rel' value, or attribute keys in applications that process Link headers through cowlib, a remote attacker can inject malicious directives. This can force victim browsers to establish out-of-band connections to attacker-controlled servers, potentially leading to information disclosure or bypassing security controls.
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: Red Hat Hardened Images:rabbitmq-server4-3-main@aarch64 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: Red Hat Hardened Images:rabbitmq-server4-3-main@src | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: Red Hat Hardened Images:rabbitmq-server4-3-main@x86_64 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
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"text": "This update includes the following RPMs:\n\nrabbitmq-server4.3:\n * rabbitmq-server4.3-4.3.5-1.1.hum1 (aarch64, x86_64)\n * rabbitmq-server4.3-4.3.5-1.1.hum1.src (src)\n\nSecurity Fix(es):\n\nrabbitmq-server4.3:\n * CVE-2026-43971",
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"vulnerabilities": [
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"cve": "CVE-2026-43971",
"cwe": {
"id": "CWE-838",
"name": "Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context"
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"discovery_date": "2026-08-18T09:10:57.711245+00:00",
"ids": [
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"notes": [
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"category": "description",
"text": "A flaw was found in ninenines cowlib. This vulnerability, due to improper encoding or escaping of output, allows an attacker to perform Link header directive smuggling. By manipulating the target URI, \u0027rel\u0027 value, or attribute keys in applications that process Link headers through cowlib, a remote attacker can inject malicious directives. This can force victim browsers to establish out-of-band connections to attacker-controlled servers, potentially leading to information disclosure or bypassing security controls.",
"title": "Vulnerability description"
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{
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"text": "cowlib: cowlib: Link header smuggling allows out-of-band connections to attacker-controlled origins",
"title": "Vulnerability summary"
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{
"category": "other",
"text": "A flaw was found in cowlib, an Erlang library for HTTP parsing and manipulation. Due to improper encoding of output in the cow_link:link/1 function, an attacker can perform Link header directive smuggling by injecting special characters in the target URI, rel value, or attribute keys. Applications that process Link headers through cowlib and pass untrusted input to cow_link:link/1 may force victim browsers to establish out-of-band connections to attacker-controlled servers, potentially leading to information disclosure or bypassing security controls. Red Hat products that bundle cowlib are only affected if they call cow_link:link/1 with untrusted input; actual exploitability in RabbitMQ Server has not been verified.",
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"release_date": "2026-08-18T09:01:53.199000+00:00",
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"date": "2026-09-09T19:47:19+00:00",
"details": "For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:\nhttps://images.redhat.com/",
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"scores": [
{
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"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 4.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
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"threats": [
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"details": "Moderate"
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"title": "cowlib: cowlib: Link header smuggling allows out-of-band connections to attacker-controlled origins"
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Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.