Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2025-7771

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-08-06 10:15 - Updated: 2026-06-17 10:05

Severity

8.7 (High) - CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Summary

ThrottleStop.sys, a legitimate driver, exposes two IOCTL interfaces that allow arbitrary read and write access to physical memory via the MmMapIoSpace function. This insecure implementation can be exploited by a malicious user-mode application to patch the running Windows kernel and invoke arbitrary kernel functions with ring-0 privileges. The vulnerability enables local attackers to execute arbitrary code in kernel context, resulting in privilege escalation and potential follow-on attacks, such as disabling security software or bypassing kernel-level protections. ThrottleStop.sys version 3.0.0.0 and possibly others are affected. Apply updates per vendor instructions.

References

	URL	Tags
	vulnerability@kaspersky.com	https://github.com/klsecservices/Advisories/blob/master/K-TechPowerUp-2025-001.md
	vulnerability@kaspersky.com	https://securelist.com/av-killer-exploiting-throttlestop-sys/117026/
	vulnerability@kaspersky.com	https://www.techpowerup.com/download/techpowerup-throttlestop/

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "packageName": "ThrottleStop.sys",
          "product": "ThrottleStop",
          "vendor": "TechPowerUp",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.0.0.0 and possibly others"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "vulnerability@kaspersky.com"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "ThrottleStop.sys, a legitimate driver, exposes two IOCTL interfaces that allow arbitrary read and write access to physical memory via the MmMapIoSpace function. This insecure implementation can be exploited by a malicious user-mode application to patch the running Windows kernel and invoke arbitrary kernel functions with ring-0 privileges. The vulnerability enables local attackers to execute arbitrary code in kernel context, resulting in privilege escalation and potential follow-on attacks, such as disabling security software or bypassing kernel-level protections.\u00a0ThrottleStop.sys version 3.0.0.0 and possibly others are affected. Apply updates per vendor instructions."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "ThrottleStop.sys, un controlador leg\u00edtimo, expone dos interfaces IOCTL que permiten acceso arbitrario de lectura y escritura a la memoria f\u00edsica mediante la funci\u00f3n MmMapIoSpace. Esta implementaci\u00f3n insegura puede ser explotada por una aplicaci\u00f3n maliciosa en modo usuario para parchear el kernel de Windows en ejecuci\u00f3n e invocar funciones arbitrarias del kernel con privilegios de anillo 0. Esta vulnerabilidad permite a atacantes locales ejecutar c\u00f3digo arbitrario en el contexto del kernel, lo que resulta en una escalada de privilegios y posibles ataques posteriores, como la desactivaci\u00f3n del software de seguridad o la evasi\u00f3n de las protecciones a nivel de kernel. La versi\u00f3n 3.0.0.0 de ThrottleStop.sys y posiblemente otras se ven afectadas. Aplique las actualizaciones seg\u00fan las instrucciones del proveedor."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-7771",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T10:05:37.643",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 8.7,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "vulnerability@kaspersky.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-7771",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2025-08-06T20:25:22.406662Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-08-06T10:15:35.597",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "vulnerability@kaspersky.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/klsecservices/Advisories/blob/master/K-TechPowerUp-2025-001.md"
    },
    {
      "source": "vulnerability@kaspersky.com",
      "url": "https://securelist.com/av-killer-exploiting-throttlestop-sys/117026/"
    },
    {
      "source": "vulnerability@kaspersky.com",
      "url": "https://www.techpowerup.com/download/techpowerup-throttlestop/"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "vulnerability@kaspersky.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-782"
        }
      ],
      "source": "vulnerability@kaspersky.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-7771 (GCVE-0-2025-7771)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-06 09:35 – Updated: 2025-08-06 20:25

Title

Code Execution / Escalation of Privileges in ThrottleStop

Summary

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-08-06 20:25 UTC

CWE

CWE-782 - Exposed IOCTL with Insufficient Access Control

Assigner

Kaspersky mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/klsecservices/Advisories/blob/…
https://www.techpowerup.com/download/techpowerup-…
https://securelist.com/av-killer-exploiting-throt…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
TechPowerUp	ThrottleStop	Affected: 3.0.0.0 and possibly others

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-7771",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-08-06T20:25:22.406662Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-08-06T20:25:31.602Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "packageName": "ThrottleStop.sys",
          "product": "ThrottleStop",
          "vendor": "TechPowerUp",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.0.0.0 and possibly others"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "ThrottleStop.sys, a legitimate driver, exposes two IOCTL interfaces that allow arbitrary read and write access to physical memory via the MmMapIoSpace function. This insecure implementation can be exploited by a malicious user-mode application to patch the running Windows kernel and invoke arbitrary kernel functions with ring-0 privileges. The vulnerability enables local attackers to execute arbitrary code in kernel context, resulting in privilege escalation and potential follow-on attacks, such as disabling security software or bypassing kernel-level protections.\u0026nbsp;ThrottleStop.sys version 3.0.0.0 and possibly others are affected. Apply updates per vendor instructions."
            }
          ],
          "value": "ThrottleStop.sys, a legitimate driver, exposes two IOCTL interfaces that allow arbitrary read and write access to physical memory via the MmMapIoSpace function. This insecure implementation can be exploited by a malicious user-mode application to patch the running Windows kernel and invoke arbitrary kernel functions with ring-0 privileges. The vulnerability enables local attackers to execute arbitrary code in kernel context, resulting in privilege escalation and potential follow-on attacks, such as disabling security software or bypassing kernel-level protections.\u00a0ThrottleStop.sys version 3.0.0.0 and possibly others are affected. Apply updates per vendor instructions."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-679",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-679: Exploitation of Improperly Configured or Implemented Memory Protections"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "baseScore": 8.7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-782",
              "description": "CWE-782: Exposed IOCTL with Insufficient Access Control",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-08-06T09:35:00.684Z",
        "orgId": "e45d732a-8f6b-4b6b-be76-7420f6a2b988",
        "shortName": "Kaspersky"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/klsecservices/Advisories/blob/master/K-TechPowerUp-2025-001.md"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.techpowerup.com/download/techpowerup-throttlestop/"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://securelist.com/av-killer-exploiting-throttlestop-sys/117026/"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Code Execution / Escalation of Privileges in ThrottleStop",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
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  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "e45d732a-8f6b-4b6b-be76-7420f6a2b988",
    "assignerShortName": "Kaspersky",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-7771",
    "datePublished": "2025-08-06T09:35:00.684Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-07-17T15:54:18.122Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-08-06T20:25:31.602Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
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}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.