CVE-2026-52991 (GCVE-0-2026-52991)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-24 16:29 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:09
VLAI
Title
sched/psi: fix race between file release and pressure write
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
sched/psi: fix race between file release and pressure write
A potential race condition exists between pressure write and cgroup file
release regarding the priv member of struct kernfs_open_file, which
triggers the uaf reported in [1].
Consider the following scenario involving execution on two separate CPUs:
CPU0 CPU1
==== ====
vfs_rmdir()
kernfs_iop_rmdir()
cgroup_rmdir()
cgroup_kn_lock_live()
cgroup_destroy_locked()
cgroup_addrm_files()
cgroup_rm_file()
kernfs_remove_by_name()
kernfs_remove_by_name_ns()
vfs_write() __kernfs_remove()
new_sync_write() kernfs_drain()
kernfs_fop_write_iter() kernfs_drain_open_files()
cgroup_file_write() kernfs_release_file()
pressure_write() cgroup_file_release()
ctx = of->priv;
kfree(ctx);
of->priv = NULL;
cgroup_kn_unlock()
cgroup_kn_lock_live()
cgroup_get(cgrp)
cgroup_kn_unlock()
if (ctx->psi.trigger) // here, trigger uaf for ctx, that is of->priv
The cgroup_rmdir() is protected by the cgroup_mutex, it also safeguards
the memory deallocation of of->priv performed within cgroup_file_release().
However, the operations involving of->priv executed within pressure_write()
are not entirely covered by the protection of cgroup_mutex. Consequently,
if the code in pressure_write(), specifically the section handling the
ctx variable executes after cgroup_file_release() has completed, a uaf
vulnerability involving of->priv is triggered.
Therefore, the issue can be resolved by extending the scope of the
cgroup_mutex lock within pressure_write() to encompass all code paths
involving of->priv, thereby properly synchronizing the race condition
occurring between cgroup_file_release() and pressure_write().
And, if an live kn lock can be successfully acquired while executing
the pressure write operation, it indicates that the cgroup deletion
process has not yet reached its final stage; consequently, the priv
pointer within open_file cannot be NULL. Therefore, the operation to
retrieve the ctx value must be moved to a point *after* the live kn
lock has been successfully acquired.
In another situation, specifically after entering cgroup_kn_lock_live()
but before acquiring cgroup_mutex, there exists a different class of
race condition:
CPU0: write memory.pressure CPU1: write cgroup.pressure=0
=========================== =============================
kernfs_fop_write_iter()
kernfs_get_active_of(of)
pressure_write()
cgroup_kn_lock_live(memory.pressure)
cgroup_tryget(cgrp)
kernfs_break_active_protection(kn)
... blocks on cgroup_mutex
cgroup_pressure_write()
cgroup_kn_lock_live(cgroup.pressure)
cgroup_file_show(memory.pressure, false)
kernfs_show(false)
kernfs_drain_open_files()
cgroup_file_release(of)
kfree(ctx)
of->priv = NULL
cgroup_kn_unlock()
... acquires cgroup_mutex
ctx = of->priv; // may now be NULL
if (ctx->psi.trigger) // NULL dereference
Consequently, there is a possibility that of->priv is NULL, the pressure
write needs to check for this.
Now that the scope of the cgroup_mutex has been expanded, the original
explicit cgroup_get/put operations are no longer necessary, this is
because acquiring/releasing the live kn lock inherently executes a
cgroup get/put operation.
[1]
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in pressure_write+0xa4/0x210 kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c:4011
Call Trace:
pressure_write+0xa4/0x210 kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c:4011
cgroup_file_write+0x36f/0x790 kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c:43
---truncated---
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/03dc070fa0fc3cb40… | |
| https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d4352c0709bfd38c7… | |
| https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a5b98009f16d8a5fb… | |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-52991 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2492403 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
Impacted products
7 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
0e94682b73bfa6c44c98af7a26771c9c08c055d5 , < 03dc070fa0fc3cb4068693f468ccd5f8a7e58282
(git)
Affected: 0e94682b73bfa6c44c98af7a26771c9c08c055d5 , < d4352c0709bfd38c752fccbde7fd72a82ac78f23 (git) Affected: 0e94682b73bfa6c44c98af7a26771c9c08c055d5 , < a5b98009f16d8a5fb4a8ff9a193f5735515c38fa (git) |
|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
5.2
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.2 (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.33 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.0.10 , ≤ 7.0.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
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Consequently,\\nif the code in pressure_write(), specifically the section handling the\\nctx variable executes after cgroup_file_release() has completed, a uaf\\nvulnerability involving of-\u003epriv is triggered.\\n\\nTherefore, the issue can be resolved by extending the scope of the\\ncgroup_mutex lock within pressure_write() to encompass all code paths\\ninvolving of-\u003epriv, thereby properly synchronizing the race condition\\noccurring between cgroup_file_release() and pressure_write().\\n\\nAnd, if an live kn lock can be successfully acquired while executing\\nthe pressure write operation, it indicates that the cgroup deletion\\nprocess has not yet reached its final stage; consequently, the priv\\npointer within open_file cannot be NULL. Therefore, the operation to\\nretrieve the ctx value must be moved to a point *after* the live kn\\nlock has been successfully acquired.\\n\\nIn another situation, specifically after entering cgroup_kn_lock_live()\\nbut before acquiring cgroup_mutex, there exists a different class of\\nrace condition:\\n\\nCPU0: write memory.pressure CPU1: write cgroup.pressure=0\\n===========================\\t\\t =============================\\n\\nkernfs_fop_write_iter()\\n kernfs_get_active_of(of)\\n pressure_write()\\n cgroup_kn_lock_live(memory.pressure)\\n cgroup_tryget(cgrp)\\n kernfs_break_active_protection(kn)\\n ... blocks on cgroup_mutex\\n\\n \\t cgroup_pressure_write()\\n \\t cgroup_kn_lock_live(cgroup.pressure)\\n \\t cgroup_file_show(memory.pressure, false)\\n \\t kernfs_show(false)\\n \\t kernfs_drain_open_files()\\n \\t cgroup_file_release(of)\\n \\t kfree(ctx)\\n \\t of-\u003epriv = NULL\\n \\t cgroup_kn_unlock()\\n\\n ... acquires cgroup_mutex\\n ctx = of-\u003epriv; // may now be NULL\\n if (ctx-\u003epsi.trigger) // NULL dereference\\n\\nConsequently, there is a possibility that of-\u003epriv is NULL, the pressure\\nwrite needs to check for this.\\n\\nNow that the scope of the cgroup_mutex has been expanded, the original\\nexplicit cgroup_get/put operations are no longer necessary, this is\\nbecause acquiring/releasing the live kn lock inherently executes a\\ncgroup get/put operation.\\n\\n[1]\\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in pressure_write+0xa4/0x210 kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c:4011\\nCall Trace:\\n pressure_write+0xa4/0x210 kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c:4011\\n cgroup_file_write+0x36f/0x790 kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c:43\\n---truncated---\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"0e94682b73bfa6c44c98af7a26771c9c08c055d5\",\"lessThan\":\"03dc070fa0fc3cb4068693f468ccd5f8a7e58282\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0e94682b73bfa6c44c98af7a26771c9c08c055d5\",\"lessThan\":\"d4352c0709bfd38c752fccbde7fd72a82ac78f23\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0e94682b73bfa6c44c98af7a26771c9c08c055d5\",\"lessThan\":\"a5b98009f16d8a5fb4a8ff9a193f5735515c38fa\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"5.2\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"5.2\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.33\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.0.10\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.0.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]},{\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Red Hat\",\"product\":\"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"cpes\":[\"cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10\"]},{\"vendor\":\"Red Hat\",\"product\":\"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"cpes\":[\"cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8\"]},{\"vendor\":\"Red Hat\",\"product\":\"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"cpes\":[\"cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9\"]},{\"vendor\":\"Red Hat\",\"product\":\"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"cpes\":[\"cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6\"]},{\"vendor\":\"Red Hat\",\"product\":\"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"cpes\":[\"cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7\"]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9},{\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.0,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"HIGH\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.0,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-367\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/03dc070fa0fc3cb4068693f468ccd5f8a7e58282\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a5b98009f16d8a5fb4a8ff9a193f5735515c38fa\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d4352c0709bfd38c752fccbde7fd72a82ac78f23\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-52991\",\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\"},{\"url\":\"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2492403\",\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\"},{\"url\":\"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-52991.json\",\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\"}]}}"
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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