CVE-2026-42792 (GCVE-0-2026-42792)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-27 14:58 – Updated: 2026-07-28 09:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
epmd permanent DoS via EMFILE on accept(2) in erts
Summary
Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in Erlang OTP erts (epmd) allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to permanently terminate the Erlang Port Mapper Daemon (epmd) via connection slot exhaustion.
The do_accept function in erts/epmd/src/epmd_srv.c calls epmd_cleanup_exit() when accept(2) returns EMFILE (per-process file descriptor limit reached) or ENFILE (system-wide file descriptor limit reached), rather than treating these as recoverable conditions. An attacker can exhaust epmd's file descriptor slots by holding many TCP connections open while periodically sending a single byte to reset the idle timeout, then causing accept(2) to return EMFILE, which kills the daemon. epmd has no per-source-IP connection cap, making the attack feasible from a single source.
On Debian/Ubuntu default packaging the impact is amplified: the systemd unit inherits a low file descriptor soft limit, and repeated daemon deaths trigger systemd's start-rate-limit, permanently failing both epmd.service and epmd.socket and requiring manual operator intervention to recover.
This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 29.0.4, OTP 28.5.0.4 and OTP 27.3.4.15.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories… | vendor-advisoryrelated |
| https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-42792.html | related |
| https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-42792 | related |
| https://www.erlang.org/doc/system/versions.html#o… | x_version-scheme |
| https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/865d203e4a6a… | patch |
Impacted products
2 products
Credits
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\"15.2.7.11\", \"status\": \"unaffected\"}], \"version\": \"6.0\", \"lessThan\": \"*\", \"versionType\": \"otp\"}], \"packageURL\": \"pkg:otp/erts?repository_url=https:%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Ferlang%2Fotp\u0026vcs_url=git%20https:%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Ferlang%2Fotp.git\", \"packageName\": \"erts\", \"programFiles\": [\"epmd/src/epmd_srv.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\", \"programRoutines\": [{\"name\": \"do_accept\"}]}, {\"cpes\": [\"cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\"], \"repo\": \"https://github.com/erlang/otp\", \"vendor\": \"Erlang\", \"modules\": [\"epmd_srv\"], \"product\": \"OTP\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"changes\": [{\"at\": \"29.0.4\", \"status\": \"unaffected\"}, {\"at\": \"28.5.0.4\", \"status\": \"unaffected\"}, {\"at\": \"27.3.4.15\", \"status\": \"unaffected\"}], \"version\": \"17.0\", \"lessThan\": \"*\", \"versionType\": \"otp\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"07b8f441ca711f9812fad9e9115bab3c3aa92f79\", \"lessThan\": \"865d203e4a6a8f44179eced9e1428f9259e4a3bb\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}], \"packageURL\": \"pkg:github/erlang/otp\", \"packageName\": \"erlang/otp\", \"programFiles\": [\"erts/epmd/src/epmd_srv.c\"], \"collectionURL\": \"https://github.com\", \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\", \"programRoutines\": [{\"name\": \"do_accept\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-h6f3-hx58-xhj6\", \"tags\": [\"vendor-advisory\", \"related\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-42792.html\", \"tags\": [\"related\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-42792\", \"tags\": [\"related\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://www.erlang.org/doc/system/versions.html#order-of-versions\", \"tags\": [\"x_version-scheme\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/865d203e4a6a8f44179eced9e1428f9259e4a3bb\", \"tags\": [\"patch\"]}], \"workarounds\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"* Restrict epmd to loopback only by adding a systemd socket override: set ListenStream= (empty, to clear), then ListenStream=127.0.0.1:4369 and ListenStream=[::1]:4369 in /etc/systemd/system/epmd.socket.d/override.conf.\\n* On systemd-managed systems, raise the file descriptor limit and configure automatic restart by adding LimitNOFILE=65536 and Restart=always with a suitable RestartSec in /etc/systemd/system/epmd.service.d/override.conf.\\n* Restrict network access to TCP port 4369 via firewall rules to trusted hosts only.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eRestrict epmd to loopback only by adding a systemd socket override: set \u003ctt\u003eListenStream=\u003c/tt\u003e (empty, to clear), then \u003ctt\u003eListenStream=127.0.0.1:4369\u003c/tt\u003e and \u003ctt\u003eListenStream=[::1]:4369\u003c/tt\u003e in \u003ctt\u003e/etc/systemd/system/epmd.socket.d/override.conf\u003c/tt\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eOn systemd-managed systems, raise the file descriptor limit and configure automatic restart by adding \u003ctt\u003eLimitNOFILE=65536\u003c/tt\u003e and \u003ctt\u003eRestart=always\u003c/tt\u003e with a suitable \u003ctt\u003eRestartSec\u003c/tt\u003e in \u003ctt\u003e/etc/systemd/system/epmd.service.d/override.conf\u003c/tt\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eRestrict network access to TCP port 4369 via firewall rules to trusted hosts only.\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"cvelib 1.8.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in Erlang OTP erts (epmd) allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to permanently terminate the Erlang Port Mapper Daemon (epmd) via connection slot exhaustion.\\n\\nThe do_accept function in erts/epmd/src/epmd_srv.c calls epmd_cleanup_exit() when accept(2) returns EMFILE (per-process file descriptor limit reached) or ENFILE (system-wide file descriptor limit reached), rather than treating these as recoverable conditions. An attacker can exhaust epmd\u0027s file descriptor slots by holding many TCP connections open while periodically sending a single byte to reset the idle timeout, then causing accept(2) to return EMFILE, which kills the daemon. epmd has no per-source-IP connection cap, making the attack feasible from a single source.\\n\\nOn Debian/Ubuntu default packaging the impact is amplified: the systemd unit inherits a low file descriptor soft limit, and repeated daemon deaths trigger systemd\u0027s start-rate-limit, permanently failing both epmd.service and epmd.socket and requiring manual operator intervention to recover.\\n\\nThis issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP\\u00a029.0.4, OTP\\u00a028.5.0.4 and OTP\\u00a027.3.4.15.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in Erlang OTP \u003ctt\u003eerts\u003c/tt\u003e (\u003ctt\u003eepmd\u003c/tt\u003e) allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to permanently terminate the Erlang Port Mapper Daemon (epmd) via connection slot exhaustion.\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ctt\u003edo_accept\u003c/tt\u003e function in \u003ctt\u003eerts/epmd/src/epmd_srv.c\u003c/tt\u003e calls \u003ctt\u003eepmd_cleanup_exit()\u003c/tt\u003e when \u003ctt\u003eaccept(2)\u003c/tt\u003e returns \u003ctt\u003eEMFILE\u003c/tt\u003e (per-process file descriptor limit reached) or \u003ctt\u003eENFILE\u003c/tt\u003e (system-wide file descriptor limit reached), rather than treating these as recoverable conditions. An attacker can exhaust epmd\u0027s file descriptor slots by holding many TCP connections open while periodically sending a single byte to reset the idle timeout, then causing \u003ctt\u003eaccept(2)\u003c/tt\u003e to return \u003ctt\u003eEMFILE\u003c/tt\u003e, which kills the daemon. epmd has no per-source-IP connection cap, making the attack feasible from a single source.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eOn Debian/Ubuntu default packaging the impact is amplified: the systemd unit inherits a low file descriptor soft limit, and repeated daemon deaths trigger systemd\u0027s start-rate-limit, permanently failing both \u003ctt\u003eepmd.service\u003c/tt\u003e and \u003ctt\u003eepmd.socket\u003c/tt\u003e and requiring manual operator intervention to recover.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP\u0026nbsp;29.0.4, OTP\u0026nbsp;28.5.0.4 and OTP\u0026nbsp;27.3.4.15.\u003c/p\u003e\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-755\", \"description\": \"CWE-755 Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions\"}, {\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-770\", \"description\": \"CWE-770 Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling\"}]}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"27.3.4.15\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"28.5.0.4\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"28.0\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"29.0.4\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"29.0\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}], \"operator\": \"AND\"}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db\", \"shortName\": \"EEF\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-07-28T09:55:23.932Z\"}}}",
"cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-42792\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-07-28T09:55:23.932Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-04-29T18:06:33.251Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-07-27T14:58:24.426Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"EEF\"}",
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
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